A Gothic Grammar

framis, compar. adv. (212), further, onward; Mk. I, 19. [< fram + -is, the adv. ending of the compar.]

fram-wigis, adv. (214), continually, ever more, [-wigis is gen. sg. of wigs.]

fra-slindan, stv. (174, n. 1), to swallow up; II. Cor. V, 4.

fraþi (74, n. 3), n. (95), mind; II. Cor. III, 14. IV, 4. [< fraþ- (in fraþjan).]

fraþjan, stv. (177, n. 2), to understand, know; Mk. IV, 12; be in right mind; Mk. V, 15; w. dat., to understand; Lu. II, 50. [Cp. frôþs (w. ablaut).]

-fraþjan, wv. (185), in fulla-f. [< -fraþjis.]

-fraþjis, adj. (126), thinking, minded. [< fraþ- (in fraþjan, stv.) + suff. -ja-.]

frauja (1, n. 4), m. (108), lord, master; Mt. V, 33. Mk. I, 3. II, 28. V, 19. Lu. II, 29. II. Cor. I, 2. 3. III, 17. IV, 5. [OE. frêa (for *frêa(j)a), m., lord (especially Christ, God), OHG. frô, MHG. vrô, lord, king, God, NHG. frohn- (< OHG. frôno, gen. pl.) in cpds.]

fraujinôn, wv. (190), to be lord, be king, rule over; Lu. II, 29; w. dat.; II. Cor. I, 24. [< frauja.]

fraujinônds, m. (115), ruler. [Prop. prsp. of fraujinôn.]

fra-waírþan, stv. (174, n. 1), to go to ruin, to corrupt (intr.).

fra-wardjan, wv. (188), to ruin, corrupt, w. acc. (exprest or understood); Mt. VI, 19. 20; to disfigure; Mt. VI, 16; in pass. to perish; II. Cor. IV, 16.

fra-waúrhts, adj. (124), evil-working, sinful; (in our 'Selections') uzed as m. sb., sinner; Mk. II, 15. 16. 17. [Prop. pp. of fra-waúrkjan.]

fra-waúrhts, f. (103), sin; Mk. I, 4. 5. II, 5. 7. 9. III, 28. 29. IV, 12. II. Cor. V, 21. [< fra-waúrkjan, to work il, do evil, sin, + suff. -ti-. OE. – wyrht (< *wurhti-), f., ME. – wurht, deed, work.]

fra-weitan, stv. (172. n. 1; 197, n. 1), to avenge, revenge.

fra-weitands, m. (115), revenger. [Prop. prsp. of fra-weitan.]

frêhun, prt. of fraíhnan.

freidjan, wv. (188), to spare, w. gen.; II. Cor. I, 23. [OHG. frîten, to luv, foster, protect, > frît-in frîthof, MHG. vrîthof, churchyard, cognate with vride, enclosure, > NHG. friedhof, m., churchyard, graveyard. Cp. friaþwa, -friþôn.]

frei-hals (88a), m. (91, n. 4), liberty, freedom; II. Cor. III, 17. [< freis + hals. OE. frêols (< *frêoheals < *frîoheals, for *frijo-hals), liberty, freedom, lit. the state of having a free neck.]

freis, adj. (126, n. 2), free. [OE. frêo (< frîo, *frijo), ME. frê, NE. free. – See also friaþwa.]

frêtun, prt. of fra-itan.

frijaþwa, friaþwa (10, n. 4), f. (97), luv; II. Cor. II, 4. 8. V, 14. [< frija-, stem of freis, free, orig. dear, (cp. Brugm., II, 61) + suff. -þwô.]

frijôn (10, n. 4), wv. (190), to luv, w. acc.; Mt. V, 43. 44. 46. VI, 24; w. inf.; Mt. VI, 5. [< stem of freis; s. also frijaþwa. Cp. OE. frêogan, to luv and to make free, ME. freoie, to 'free', MHG. (prop. LG., Kl. W.) vrîen, NHG. freien, to woo, marry.]

frijôndi, f. (98), a female frend. [< frijônds.]

frijônds, m. (115), frend; Mt. V, 47. [Prop. prsp. of frijôn. OE. frêond (< fri(j)ǫnd), ME. frend, NE. frend.]

-fri-sahtjan, wv. (188), to make an image, in ga-f. [< fri-sahts.]

-fri-sahtnan, wv. (194, n. 1), to be formd, in ga-f. [< frisahts.]

fri-sahts, f. (103), image, exampl, ridl; II. Cor. III, 18. IV, 4. [< fri- (allied to faír-?) + -sahts (= OE. saht, sæht, f., ME. sahte, sæhte, reconciliation, peace) < sakan + suff. -ti-.]

-friþôn, wv. (190), in ga-f. [< *friþus (= OE. frioðu-< friðu-, m., later frið, n., ME. frið, peace, luv, protection, = G. friede, m., peace), < √ fri (cp. friaþwa) + suff. -þ-. OE. friðian, to make peace, treat kindly, protect, ME. friðie, to keep in peace, preserv. Cp. freidjan.]

frius, n. (94; or m., 91?), frost, cold. [< *friusan = OE. frêosan, ME. frêse, NE. freez.]

frôdei (74, n. 3), f. (113), wisdom, understanding; Lu. II, 47. 52. [< frôþs.]

frôþs (35), adj. (124, n. 2), wise, prudent, skilful. [< fraþjan (prt. frôþ). OE. frôd, wise.]

frôþun, prt. of fraþjan, stv.

fruma, superl. adj. (139 and n. 1), the first (146). [< the adv. stem fru- (cp. OHG. fru-o, MHG. vruo, NHG. fruh, früh (by influence of the adj. früh), erly), + suff. -ma-n-. Cp. frum, n. (or frums, m.?), and OE. fruma, m., ME. frume, frome, beginning.]

fruma-baúr (88a), m. (101, n. 2), a first-born; Lu. II, 7.

frumists, superl. adj. (139 and n. 1), foremost, first (146); frumist, adv. (212, n. 3), first. [< fruma + suff. -ista-.]

fugls, m. (91), fowl, bird; Mk. IV, 4. 32. [OE. fugol, m., ME. foᵹel, fowel, NE. fowl.]

fulgins (66, n. 1), adj. (124), hidn; Mk. IV, 22. [< the stem of the pp. of filhan.]

fulhsni, n. (95), that which is hidn, a secret; Mt. VI, 4. 6. 18. [< filhan + suff. -snja- < -sni- + -ja-. ON. fylsne, fylgsne, a hiding-place.]

fulla-fahjan, wv. (188), to please fully, to satisfy, w. acc.; Skeir. VII, d.

fulla-fraþjan, wv. (185), to be fully in right mind, be sober; II. Cor. V, 13.

fulla-tôjis (88a), adj. (126), perfect; Mt. V, 48.

fulla-weisjan, wv. (188), to inform fully, to persuade, w. acc.; II. Cor. V, 11. [< fullaweis < stem of fulls + -weis (s. un-weis).]

fulleiþ(s), f. (? 103, n. 2), fulness; Mk. IV, 28. – Cpds. ga-, us-f. [< fulljan + suff. -þi (for -ei-, cp. vB., 79). OE. fylleð, f. (?), fulness.]

fulljan, wv. (188), to fil, fulfil. – Cpds. ga-, us-f. [< fulls.]

fullnan, fulnan (80), wv. (195), to becum ful, to fil (intr.), w. gen.; Lu. II, 40. – Cpds. ga-, us-f. [< fulls.]

fullô, f. (112), fulnes; Mk. II, 21. [< fulls.]

fulls, adj. (122, n. 1), ful. [< an old pp. in-no-, fulla- < ful-no-. OE. ME. full, NE. ful.]

fûls (15), adj. (124), foul. [OE. fûl, ME. foul, NE. foul.]

funins; s. fôn.

Ga-, inseparabl particl prefixt to vs., sbs., adjs., and advs. For its various meanings, s. my 'Comparativ Glossary', p. 113, or 'First Germanic Bible', p. 343. [OE. ge-, ME. ᵹe-, i- (in handiwork), e- (in enuf).]

ga-aggwjan, wv. (188), to constrain, distress; II. Cor. IV, 8.

ga-aiginôn, wv. (190), to take possession of, get an advantage of; II. Cor. II, 11.

ga-arman, wv. (192), to hav pity on, to pity, w. acc.; Mk. V, 19; in pass., to be pitied, receiv mercy; II. Cor. IV, 1.

ga-baíran, stv. (175), w. acc., to bring together, compare; Mk. IV, 30; to bear (a child); Lu. II, 7; in pass. the nom.; Lu. II, 11.

ga-baírhtjan, wv. (188), to make bright or clear, to manifest, show, w. acc.; II. Cor. II, 14; in pass. the nom.; Mk. IV, 22.

ga-bar, prt. of gabaíran.

ga-bauan (26), wv. (179, n. 2; 193, n. 1), to dwel; Mk. IV, 32.

ga-baúr, m. (91, n. 4), a festiv meal. [Lit. that which is brought together, < ga-baíran, to bring together.]

ga-baúrþs, f. (103), birth. [< ga-baíran, to bear, + suff. -þi-. OE. ge-byrd, f., ON. burðr > ME. burth, birth, burþ, NE. birth.]

gabei (34), f. (113), riches; Mk. IV, 19. [< giban.]

ga-beistjan, wv. (187, n. 3), to levn.

gabigs, gabeigs (17, n. 3), adj. (124), rich. [< giban + suff. -i-ga-, -ei-ga-.]

ga-binda (32), f. (97), band, bond. [< ga-bindan.]

ga-bindan, stv. (174), to bind, w. acc.; Mk. III, 27. V, 4 (gloss); and instr. dat.; Mk. V, 3; in pass. w. a subj. nom.; Mk. V, 4.

ga-biugan, stv. (173, n. 1), to bow, bend; Mk. V, 4 (s. note).

ga-blindjan, wv. (187), w. acc.; to make blind, to blind, w. acc.; II. Cor. IV, 4.

ga-blindnan, wv. (194), to becum blind; II. Cor. III, 14 (gloss in A).

ga-brak, prt. of gabrikan.

Gabriêl (6), pr. n., Gabriel. [< Γαβριήλ.]

ga-brikan (33, n. 1), stv. (175, n. 1), w. acc., to break; Mk. V, 4.

ga-bruka (33, n. 1), f. (97), a broken bit, fragment; Skeir. VII, d. [< ga-brikan.]

ga-bundi (32), f. (98), bond. [< ga-bindan.]

ga-daban, stv. (177, n. 1), to becum, fit, befall, happen.

ga-daila, m. (108), partaker; II. Cor. I, 7. [< *ga-dails, adj., partaking; -dails < sb. dails.]

ga-dailjan, wv. (188), to divide, separate, w. acc. (in pass. the nom.); Mk. III, 26; w. wiþra w. acc.; Mk. III, 24. 25.

ga-daúrsan, prt. – prs. (199), to dare.

ga-dauþnan, wv. (194), to die; Mk. V, 39.

Gaddarênus, pr. n. [< Γαδαρηνός.]

*ga-dôfs (56, n. 1), adj. (130, n. 2), becuming, fit. [< ga-daban (prt. gadôf). OE. ge-dêfe, adj.; suitabl, fit. See also -daban.]

ga-draban, stv. (177, n. 1), to hew out.

ga-draus, prt. of gadriusan.

ga-drausjan, wv. (188), w. acc., to thrust down, cast down; pp. gadrausiþs; II. Cor. IV, 9.

ga-driusan, stv. (173, n. 1), to fall, w. ana (upon) w. dat.; Mk. IV, 5; du (at) w. dat.; Mk. V, 22; faúr wig, by the way side; Mk. IV, 4; in w. acc., into, among, on; Mk. IV, 7. 8; so in a pass. sense, to be cast; Mt. V, 29. 30.

gaf, prt. of giban.

ga-fâhs (5 b), m. (91), a cach, haul. [< ga-fâhan.]

ga-fáihôn, wv. (190), to defraud; II. Cor. II, 11. [< *gafáihs adj., deceitful, hostil, < ga + -fáihs (= OE. fâh, adj., hostil; ge-fâh, m.) < fáih; s. also -fáihôn.]

ga-fastan, wv. (193), to hold fast, keep; Lu. II, 19. 51.

ga-fáurs, adj. (130), sober, wel behaved.

ga-fraíhnan, stv. (176, n. 4), to find out by inquiry, w. an obj. clause; Mk. II, 1.

ga-frêhun, prt. of gafraíhnan.

ga-frisahtjan, wv. (188), to make an image, engrave; II. Cor. III, 7.

ga-frisahtnan, wv. (194, n. 1), to be formd.

ga-friþôn, wv. (190), to make peace, reconcile, w. dat. of the pers. to whom one is reconciled, and acc. of the pers. reconciled; II. Cor. V, 18. 19.

ga-friþôns, f. (103, n. 1), reconciliation; II. Cor. V, 18. 19. [< ga-friþôn.]

ga-fulljan, wv. (188), to fil, w. acc., the th. w. which anything is fild, occurs in the gen., Skeir. VII, d.

ga-fullnan, wv. (194), to becum ful, to fil (intr.), fil up (intr.); hense to be fild; Mk. IV, 37.

ga-gaggan, anv. (179, n. 3; 207), to cum together, gather together; so w. the refl. sik; Mk. III, 20.

ga-ga-waírþnan, wv. (194, n. 1), w. dat., to reconcile one's self to, be reconciled to; II. Cor. V, 20. [< *ga-waírþs; s. gawaírþi.]

gaggan, anv. (179, n. 3; 207), to go, go one's way, walk, cum; Mk. II, 9. III, 6. V, 42; w. inf.; Mt. V, 24. Mk. I, 44; w. afar w. dat. (to go after, follow); Mk. II, 14. 15. V, 24; du w. dat.; Mk. I, 38. 45. II, 11. 13. V, 19; in w. dat.; II. Cor. IV, 2; or acc.; Mt. VI, 6. Mk. V, 34; miþ w. dat.; Mt. V, 41. VI, 6. Lu. II, 51; þaírh w. acc.; II. Cor. V, 7; a final clause; Lu. II, 3. – Cpds. af-, afar-, at-, du-at-, inn-at-, ga-, þaírh-, us-g. [OE. gǫngan, gangan, ME. gange, NE. (Sc.) gang.]

ga-grêfts, f. (103), decree; Lu. II, 1. [-grêfts < √ grêf (+ suff. -ti-) seen in OHG. grâvo, MHG. grâve, NHG. graf, m., erl, count.]

ga-gudei, f. (113, n. 2), piety, godliness. [< gaguþs, adj., godly, pious, < ga- + -guþs < guþ.]

ga-haban, wv. (192), to hav, possess, hold; to lay hold on; w. acc.; Mk. III, 21.

ga-hâhjô (5 b), adv., in order, connectedly. [< *gahâhs, adj., connected, lit. hanging together, < ga- + *-hâhs < hâhan.]

ga-hailjan, wv. (188), to heal, w. acc. of pers.; Mk. I, 34. III, 10.

ga-hailnan, wv. (194), to becum hole, be heald; Mk. V, 29.

ga-hait, n. (94), promise; II. Cor. I, 20. [< ga-haitan. OE. ge-hât, n., promise, ME. hat, hôt, promise, OHG. gaheiȥ, m., MHG. geheiȥ, m., geheiȥe, n., NHG. geheiss, n., command.]

ga-hardjan (14, n. 1), wv. (197), to harden.

ga-hausjan, wv. (187), to hear; Mk. II, 17. IV, 9. 15. Lu. II, 18; w. acc.; Mk. V, 36. Lu. II, 20 (s. note); bi w. acc.; Mk. V, 27.

ga-hôrinôn, wv. (190), to whore, commit adultery with, w. dat.; Mt. V, 28.

ga-hraineins, f. (103, n. 1), a clenzing; Mk. I, 44. [< ga-hrainjan + suff. -ei-ni-.]

ga-hrainjan, wv. (188), to clenz; Mk. I, 40.

-gâhts (5 b), f. (103), a going, in cpds. [Stem -gâhti- (for-ganhti-) < gangan + suff. -ti-.]

ga-hugds (81, n. 1), f. (103), thought, mind; conscience. [< (*ga-)hugjan + suff. -di- (cp. Brgm., I, p. 405). OE. gehygd, f. n., thought, mind.]

ga-huljan, wv. (187), to cuver, hide, conceal, w. acc. (in pass. the nom.), II. Cor. IV, 3.

ga-ƕeilains, f. (103, n. 1), a staying for a while, rest; II. Cor. II, 13. [< ga-ƕeilan + suff. -ai-ni-.]

ga-ƕôtjan, wv. (188), to threten, rebuke, charge, w. dat.; Mk. I, 43.

ga-iddja, prt. of ga-gaggan.

Gaíaínna, m. (108), Gehenna; Mt. V, 22. 29. 30. [< γέεννα.]

gailjan, wv. (187), to make glad, w. acc.; II. Cor. II, 2. [< *gails, adj., = OE. gâl, ME. gal, gol, adj., proud, wanton, OHG. MHG. geil, wanton, merry, gay, NHG. geil, adj., lascivious, lewd, fat.]

Gaina (21, n. 1; 65, n. 1), pr. n.

Gaínnêsaraíþ (23), pr. n., Gennesaret. [< Γεννησαρέθ.]

gaírda, f. (97), girdl; Mk. I, 6. [< √ of -gaírdan. ON. gjǫrð, f., girdl, girth, > ME. gerth, NE. girth.]

-gaírdan, stv. (174, n. 1), to gird, in bi-g. [Cp. OE. gyrdan, wv., ME. girde, NE. gird.]

gaírnjan, wv. (188), to yern for, cuvet, desire, wish; II. Cor. V, 2. [< -gaírns (= OE. georn, adj.) (georne, adv.), ME. ᵹern, adj., zelous, eager (ᵹerne, adv.), OHG. MHG. gern, adj., desirous, eager, > OHG. gernô, MHG. gerne, NHG. gerne, gern, adv., (gladly, willingly, eagerly.) OE. geornian, ME. ᵹerne, NE. yern.]

gairu (cp. 20, n. 2), n. (106, n. 1), sting.

-gaisjan, wv. (188), in us-g. [ME. (< Scand.) gâse, NE. gaze. Cp. aghast for agast for agasted, pp. of ME. agasten [Sk.] < OE. â- (= Goth. us-) + gæ̂stan, to terrify, < a lost sb. gæ̂st < *gâs- (= Goth. gais-) + suff. -ti-.]

ga-juk, n. (94), that which is joind in a yoke, a pair; Lu. II, 24.

ga-jukô, f. (112), that which is put together for the sake of comparison, hense a comparison, parabl; Mk. III, 23. IV, 2. 10. 11. 13. 30. 33. 34. [< gajuk.]

ga-jukô, f. (110, n. 3), a female cumpanion. [< gajuk.]

ga-kannjan, wv. (188), to make known, w. acc. of pers. and dat. of th.; Lu. II, 15; to make known abroad, w. bi w. acc.; Lu. II, 17.

ga-krôtôn (12, n. 1), wv. (190), to crush, grind.

ga-kunnan, prt. – prs. (199, n. 1), to acknowledge one's inferiority or subjection, to subject one's self.

ga-kunnan, wv. (193; 199, 1), to recognize, know, consider, w. acc., Mt. VI, 28. II. Cor. I, 14.

ga-kusts, f. (103), proof, test. [< ga-kiusan, to prove, test, + suff. -ti-. -kusts = OE. cyst, f., ME. cust, choice, quality.]

ga-qêmun, prt. of gaqiman.

ga-qiman, stv. (175, n. 1), to cum together; Mk. II, 2; w. sik and du w. dat.; Mk. V, 21.

ga-qiss, adj. (124, n. 1), consenting. [< ga-qiþan + suff. -ta- (qissa- < *qiþ-to-).]

ga-qiujan (42), wv. (187), to quicken, giv life; II. Cor. III, 6.

ga-qiunan (42, n. 3), wv. (194), to becum alive.

ga-qumþs, f. (103), a cuming together, assembly, council; Mt. V, 22; synagog; Mt. VI, 2. 5. [< gaqiman + suff. -þi-. -qumþs = OHG. MHG. kumft, kunft (w. eufonic f before which m changed to n), a cuming, arrival, NHG. – kunft (in cpds.).]

ga-lagjan, wv. (188), to lay, lay down, w. acc. and in w. dat.; Lu. II, 7. 12; or acc., to cast into; Mt. V, 25. VI, 30.

ga-laista, m. (108), follower, cumpanion; g. waírþan w. dat., to follow; Mk. I, 36. [< *ga-laists, adj., following; -laists < the sb. laists; s. laistjan.]

ga-laiþ, prt. of ga-leiþan.

ga-laubeins (31), f. (103, n. 1), belief, faith; Mk. II, 5. IV, 40. V, 34. II, Cor. I, 24. IV, 13. V, 7. [< galaubjan + suff. -eini-.]

ga-laubjan (31), wv. (188), to believ, (1) abs.; Mk. IV, 24. V, 36. II. Cor. IV, 13. (2) w. in w. dat.; Mk. I, 15. —leitil galaubjands, litl-believing, of litl faith; Mt. VI, 30.

*ga-laufs (56, n. 1), adj. (124), precious, valuabl. [Cp. liufs.]

ga-lausjan, wv. (188), to loose, loosen, w. acc. of th. and af w. dat.; Mk. V, 4; to deliver, w. acc. of pers. and us w. dat.; II. Cor. I, 10.

ga-leikan, wv. (193), to please; waíla g., w. dat., to please, be acceptabl to; II. Cor. V, 9; or in w. dat., to take great plezure in, be wel pleased in; Mk. I, 11.

ga-leikô, adv. (211), like, alike. [< ga-leiks (= OE. ge-lîc, ME. i-lik, lik, NE. like, similar) < ga + -leiks (= OE. – lîc, ME. – lich, – li, NE. – ly) < leik. OE. ge-lîce, ME. iliche, ylyke, NE. like.]

ga-leikôn, wv. (190), (1) tr., w. acc. of th. and ƕê (whereunto), to liken; Mk. IV, 30. (2) intr., w. dat., to be like unto, be conformd to; Mt. VI, 8.

Galeilaia, pr. n., f., Galilee; gen. -as; Mk. I, 9. 16. 28; dat. -a; Mk. I, 14. III, 7. Lu. II, 4; acc. -an; Mk. I, 39. Lu. II, 39. [< Γαλιλαία.]

ga-leiþan, stv. (172, n. 1), to go, cum; Mk. V, 20; w. afar w. dat.; Mk. I, 20; ana w. acc.; Mk. I, 35; du w. dat.; Mk. III, 13; faírra w. dat.; Lu. II, 15; faúr w. acc.; Mk. II, 13; hindar w. acc.; Mk. V, 17; in w. acc.; Mk. I, 21. 45. II, 1. 26. III, 1. 27. IV, 1. V, 12. 13. 38. Lu. II, 15. II. Cor. I, 16. II, 13; miþ w. dat.; Mk. V, 24; inn; Mk. V, 40.