A Gothic Grammar

guþ-blôstreis (88a, n. 1; cp. 69, n. 2), m. (92), wurshipper of God.

Haban, wv. (192), (1) to hav, possess, (a) abs.; Mk. IV, 25; (b) w. acc.; Mt. V, 46. VI, 5. Mk. I, 22. 32 (s. unhulþô). 40. III, 1. 3. 11. 15. 22. 26. 29. 30. IV, 5 (the first). 6. 9. 23. 40. V, 15. II. Cor. I, 15. II, 13. III, 4. 12. IV, 1. 7. 13. Skeir. VII, a; and bi w. acc.; Mt. V, 23; fram w. dat.; Mt. VI, 1. II. Cor. II, 3; in w. dat.; Mk. IV, 17. V, 3. II. Cor. I, 9; miþ w. dat.; Mk. II, 19; us w. dat.; II. Cor. V, 1; wiþra w. acc.; II. Cor. V, 12. (2) to hold, take, take hold of, keep; habaiþ wisan, to be held, be redy for; Mk. III, 9. (3) to 'hav evil', be sick; Mk. I, 32 (the first). 34. II, 17; waírs h., rather to be wurse; Mk. V, 26; aftumist h., to lie at the point of deth; Mk. V, 23; ufarassau h., to hav in abundance; II. Cor. II, 4. – Cpds. dis-, ga-h. [OE. habban, ME. habbe, have, NE. hav.]

hafjan, stv. (177, n. 2), to heav, lift up, bear; Mk. II, 3. – Cpds. and-, us-h. [OE. hebban, ME. hebbe, heve, NE. heav.]

-hafnan (35), wv. (194), to heav (intr.), in ufar-h. [< pp. stem haf-ans < hafjan.]

hâhan (5, b), rv. (179), to hang. [OE. hôn (< *hôan < *hôhan < *hanhan; prt. hêng, pp. hangen; cf. hangian, wv.), ME. *hôn (prt. heng, pp. hange), and hange, NE. hang (by infl. of the forms w. ng and ang).]

Haíbráius (23; 61), pr. n., Hebrew. [< Ἑβραῖος.]

haíhait, prt. of haitan.

háihs (20, n. 2), adj. (124), with one ey.

hailags (21, n. 1), adj. (124), holy. [< hails + suff. -ga-. OE. hâliᵹ (w. suff. iᵹ for eᵹ), ME. hali, holi, NE. holy.]

hailidêdi-u, prt. of hailjan + -u.

hailjan, wv. (188), to heal, (1) abs.; Mk. III, 2. (2) w. acc. of disease; Mk. III, 15. – Cpd. ga-h. [< hails. OE. hæ̂lan, ME. hele, NE. heal.]

-hailnan, wv. (194), to heal (intr.), in ga-h. [< hails.]

hails, adj. (124), hale, hole, sound, w. af w. dat.; Mk. V, 34. [OE. hâl, ME. hol, NE. hole.]

haims, f. (103, n. 4), village, town, cuntry; Mk. I, 38. V, 14. [OE. hâm, m., ME. hôm, home, dwelling, in acc. uzed as adv., NE. home, – ham, Ham-, in names of places.]

háiraísis (23), heresy, in nom. pl. -eis. [< αἵρεσις, pl. – εις.]

haírda, f. (97), herd, flock; Mk. V, 11. 13. Lu. II, 8. [OE. heord, f., ME. herde, NE. herd.]

haírdeis, m. (90), herd, shepherd; Lu. II, 8. 15. 18. 20. [< haírda. OE. hierde, hyrde, and heorde (without uml.), ME. herde, NE. herd, – herd (in shepherd = 'sheep-herd').]

haírtô, n. (109), hart; Mt. V, 28. VI, 21. Mk. II, 6. 8. III, 5. IV, 15. Lu. II, 35. II. Cor. I, 22. II, 4. III, 2. 3. 15. IV, 6. V, 12. [OE. heorte, f., ME. herte, hert, NE. hart.]

haírus, m. (105), sword; Lu. II, 35. [OE. heoru, m., ME. here, sword.]

haitan, rv. (170; 179), to name, call; to call, bid, invite; Mk. I, 20. III, 31; to command, w. inf.; Mk. V, 43; in pass., to be calld, w. pred. nom.; Mt. V, 19. Lu. II, 21. 23. – Cpds. ana-, and-, at-h. [OE. hâtan (in pass. hât-te = Goth. haitada), prt. heht (= Goth. haíhait), ME. hate, hote, prt. hêt, (for)heht, hight (< OE. *hiht; i for ie < eo by influence of the palatal, orig. guttural, h; eo < e before ht) > NE. hight (poet.); hense, prop., a prt. form.]

haiþi, f. (98), heath, field; Mt. VI, 28. 30. [OE. hæ̂ð, f., ME. hêth, NE. heath.]

haiþiwisks, adj. (124), wild; Mk. I, 6. [< haiþi + suff. -i-ska- (= E. – ish), the w between the two vowels being intrusiv.]

halba, f. (97), the half, a part; in þizai halbai, in this respect, in this behalf; II. Cor. III, 10. [Prop., f. of halbs uzed as sb. OE. healf (< *half), ME. half (behalfe, for be halfe, NE. behalf), NE. half, side.]

halbs, adj. (122, n. 1), half. [OE. healf, ME. half, NE. half.]

haldan, rv. (179), to hold, keep, feed; Mk. V, 11. 14. [OE. healdan, ME. halde, holde, NE. hold (notice its various meanings).]

haldis, adv. (212), rather, more. [Prop. compar. adv. Cp. OE. ge-healdre, ME. helder, G. halt (w. loss of suff.), rather, more.]

halja, f., (97, n. 1), hel. [Apparently < √ of *hilan (s. huljan) + suff. -jô-. OE. hell (< *halja), f., ME. helle, NE. hel.]

hals, m. (91, n. 4), neck. [OE. heals, hals, m., ME. hals, NE. halse (obs.), OHG. MHG. NHG. hals, m., neck.]

hamfs (53), adj. (124), maimd. [OHG. hampf, adj., maimd.]

-hamôn, wv. (190), to clothe, in af-, ana-, ufar-h. [< a sb. = OE. hǫma, hama, m., ME. hame, coat, cuvering (lic-hame, OE. lîc-hama, body), NHG. – am, for ham, in leichnam, m., corpse, MHG. lîchname, OHG. lîhhinamo (lîhhin is gen. of *lîhho, prop. weak adj. = Goth. -leika, in man-leika, m., OE. man-lica, m., ME. manliche, human form; Goth. -leika < -leiks; s. ga-leikan), m., corpse.]

hana, m. (108), cock. [OE. hǫna, hana, m., cock, ME. *hane, han- (in cpds.), OHG. hano, MHG. han, NHG. hahn, m., cock.]

handugei, f. (113), wisdom; Lu. II, 40. II. Cor. I, 12. [< handugs.]

handugs, adj. (124), wise. [< hand- (not allied to handus; s. Kluge, Stammbildungslehre, 203) + suff. -u-ga (the u by influence of handus). OE. hendig (w. suff. – ig), ME. hendi, NE. handy (a for e by influence of hand), adj. skilful.]

handus, f. (105), hand; Mt. V, 30. Mk. I, 31. 41. III, 1. 3. 5. V, 23. 41. [OE. hǫnd, hand, f., ME. hand, NE. hand.]

hansa, f. (97), multitude, cumpany, band of men. [OE. hôs (ô < ǫn < an), f., band of men, OHG. hansa, f., multitude, MHG. hanse, a commercial leag, NHG. hanse, f., Hanseatic leag.]

hardjan (14, n. 1), wv. (187), to harden, in ga-h. [< hardus.]

harduba, adv. (210 and n. 1), hard, severely, grievously. [< hardus + -ba.]

hardu-haírtei, f. (113), hard-hartedness. [< stem of hardus + haírtei < -haírts, adj.; s. armahaírtiþa.]

hardus, adj. (131), hard, severe. [OE. heard, ME. hard, NE. hard, – ard (as in drunkard).]

harjis, m. (90), army, multitude, legion; Lu. II, 13. [OE. here (< *heri < *hæri < *hari), m., army, multitude, ME. here, host, army, NE. her- (in heriot), har- (in harbor).]

hatis, n. (gen. hatizis; 94 and n. 5), hate, hatred, wrath, anger. [< hatan + suff. -iz-a. OE. hete (i-stem, orig. iz-stem; s. however Brugm., II, 421), m. (orig. n.), hate, persecution, ME. hete, hate, NE. hate.]

hatizôn (78), wv. (190), to be angry. [< hatis.]

hatjan (and hatan; 193, n. 1), wv. to hate, w. acc.; Mt. V, 44. [< hat-, consonantal stem of hatis. OE. hatian, ME. hate, NE. hate.]

haubiþ, n. (93), hed; Mt. V, 36. VI, 17. [OE. heafod, n., ME. heaved, heved, NE. hed.]

háuhei, f. (113, n. 1), height. [< háuhs. OHG. hôhi, MHG. hœhe, NHG. höhe, f., height.]

háuheins, f. (103, n. 1), lit. a heightening, a raizing on high; hense honor, glory, praise. [< háuhjan + suff. -ei-ni-.]

háuhis, compar. adv. (212), higher. [< háuhs.]

háuhisti, n. (95), the highest height, the highest; Lu. II, 14. [< háuhista-, superl. stem of háuhs.]

háuhjan, wv. (188), to raiz on high, exalt, glorify, w. acc.; Mt. VI, 2. Mk. II, 12. [< háuhs. OE. hêan, hêgan, ME. heie, OHG. hôhjan, hôhen, MHG. hœhen, NHG. (er-)höhen, to make high, raiz.]

háuhs, adj. (124), high; superl. háuhista, the highest; Mk. V, 7. [OE. hêah, ME. heigh, NE. high.]

háuns, adj. (130, n. 2), humbl, base. [OE. hêan, ME. hêne, adj., base, vile, poor; cp. G. hohn, m., scorn, disgrace.]

haúrds, f. (103), door; Mt. VI, 6. II. Cor. II, 12. [OHG. hurt, pl. hurdi, f., hurdl, MHG. hurt, pl. hürte, hürde, f., hurdl, door, > NHG. hürde, f., hurdl, pen, fold; cp. also OE. hyrdel (w. l-suff.), m., ME. hurdel, NE. hurdl.]

haúrn, n. (94), horn. [OE. ME. NE. horn, n.]

haúrnja, m. (108), horn-blower, trumpeter. [< haúrn + suff. -jan-.]

haúrnjan, wv. (187), to blow a horn; Mt. VI, 2. [< haúrn.]

hausjan, wv. (187), to hear, listen, harken, (1) abs.; Mk. IV, 3. 9. 12. 23. (2) w. gen. of pers.; Lu. II, 47. (3) w. dat. of pers. (to listen to, hear); Lu. II, 46. (4) w. acc. of th.; Mk. IV, 16. 18. 20. 24. (5) w. fram w. dat.; Mk. III, 21. (6) w. þatei; Mt. V, 21. 27. 33. 38. 43. – Cpds. and-, ga-, uf-h. [OE. hîeran, hŷran, hêra(n) (ie, etc., < êa (= Goth. au) before orig. j), ME. here, NE. hear.]

hausjôn, wv. (187, n. 3; 190), to hear; Mk. IV, 33. [= hausjan having gone over to the second weak conjugation.]

hawi, n. (dat. hauja; 95), grass; Mt. VI, 30. Skeir. VII, b. [Prop., a thing to be cut (< √ hau, seen in OE. hêawan, rv., ME. hewe, NE. hew). OE. hêg, n., ME. hei, hai, NE. hay.]

hazeins, f. (103, n. 1), praise. [< hazjan + suff. -ei-ni-.]

hazjan, wv. (187), to praise, w. acc.; Lu. II, 13; and in w. gen.; Lu. II, 20. [OE. herian, ME. herie, NE. herry (obs.), to praise.]

hêr (8), adv. (213, n. 1), here, hither. [OE. hêr, ME. hêr, NE. here.]

Hêrôdês (61), pr. n., Herod. [< Ἡρώδης.]

Hêrôdianus, pr. n. m., Herodian; dat. pl. -um; Mk. III, 6. [< Ἡρωδιανός.]

hêþjô, f. (112), chamber; Mt. VI, 6.

hidrê, adv. (213, n. 1), hither. [< pronominal stem hi-, in himma, + suff. -drê. Cp. OE. hider, ME. hider, ON. heðra (to which seems due the th of) NE. hither.]

Hildericus (61, n. 1), pr. n.

Hildibald (54, n. 2; 61, n. 1).

hilpan, stv. (174, n. 1), to help; w. (instr.) dat. and bi w. acc.; II. Cor. I, 11. [OE. helpan, ME. helpe, NE. help.]

himina-kunds (88a), adj. (124), hevenly; Lu. II, 13.

himins, m. (91), heven; Mt. V, 18. 19. 20. 34. 45. 48. VI, 1. 9. 10. 14. 20. 26. 32. Mk. I, 10. IV, 32. Lu. II, 15. II. Cor. V, 1. 2. [ON. himinn, m., heven. Cp. OHG. himil (w. suff. – l-), MHG. himel, NHG. himmel, m., heven.]

himma, hina, hita (155), forms of a defectiv prn., this; himma daga, to-day; Mt. VI, 11. 30. Lu. II, 11; und hina dag, until this day; II. Cor. III, 14. 15. [< a pronominal stem hi-, this, as in OE. him, dat.; hine, acc. m.; hit, n., ME. hin and him (by confusion with the dat.), hit, it, NE. him, it.]

hindana, adv., uzed as a prep. w. gen., behind, on the further side of, beyond; Mk. III, 8. [< hin- (= OE. hin-, in cpds., = G. hin, away) + -dana; hin- < a pronominal stem hi-, as in himma. OE. hindan, adv. (be-hindan, adv., behind, and prep., behind, after), ME. hinde- (in cpds. behinde, adv. and prep.), NE. hind, hind- (in cpds.; behind, adv. and prep.).]

hindar, prep. (217), behind, on the further side of, on that side of, beyond, (1) w. dat.; so after qiman; Mk. V, 1. (2) w. acc.; Mk. V, 17. 21. [< hin- (s. hindana) + compar. suff. -dar. OE. hinder, adv. and prep., behind, ME. hinder- (in cpds.), hind, OHG. hintar, MHG. NHG. hinter, prep., behind.]

hindumists, superl. adj. (149, n. 1), hindmost, uttermost. [A dubl superl. form, < hinduma (+ suff. -ist-a-) < hin- (s. hindana) + suff. -dum-a(n) -. OE. hin-dema, superl. adj., hindmost, last. NE. hindmost < hind (s. hindana) +-most, for *-mest; s. aftumists.]

-hinþan, stv. (174, n. 1), to cach, in cpds. only. [Cf. OE. hendan (wv.), ME. hende, NE. hend (obs.), to seiz.]

hiri (20, n. 1), interjectional imper. (187, n. 4; 219), cum here! dual hirjats, cum here (you two); Mk. I, 17. [< *hirjan (cp. Brgm., 'Morph. Unters.', p. 414 et seq.) < *hir, adv., < hi- (+ suff. -r); s. himma.]

hiufan, stv. (173, n. 1), to mourn, lament. [OE. hêofan (str. and wv.), to lament.]

hiuhma (hiuma; 62, n. 4), m. (108), crowd, multitude. [< √ of háuhs + suff. -man-.]

hlahjan, stv. (177, n. 2), to laf. – Cpd. bi-h. [OE. hliehhan (ie < ea, by i-uml., < a before h, which was dubld before the orig. j), hlæhhan, ME. laghe, laughe, lauᵹwe, NE. laf.]

hlaifs (gen. hlaibis; 56, n. 1), m. (90), bred, loaf of bread; Mt. VI, 11. Mk. II, 26. III, 20. Skeir. VII, a. b. c. d. [OE. hlâf, m., ME. lôf, NE. loaf.]

hlaiw (42), n. (94), tomb, grave. [Stem hlaiwa-, orig. *hlaiwaz, -iz. OE. hlâw and (w. i-uml.) hlæ̂w, ME. lawe, lowe, mound, hil, cave, NE. low, hil. Its √ appears (w. abl.) in OE. hli-n-ian, intr., hleonian, to lean, hlæ̂nan, tr., to make to lean, ME. leonie; læne, lene, NE. lean, to incline.]

-hlaþan, stv. (177, n. 1), in af-h. [OE. hladan, ME. lade (stv.), NE. lade (wv., but str. is the pp. laden).]

-hlaupan, rv. (179, n. 1), in us-h. [OE. hlêapan, ME. lêpe, lepe (stv.), NE. leap (wv.).]

hleiduma, superl. adj. (139), left; uzed as sb., left hand; Mt. VI, 3. [Lit. hanging down most, < √ hlei (cp. hlaiw). For the suff., s. hindumists.]

hleis, m., (only in acc. pl., hlijans), tent, tabernacl. [< √ hlei; cp. hlaiw. Cp. OE. hlêo, hlêow, m., protection, roof, ME. lêwe, lew, shelter, NE. lee, lew (prov.), a shelterd place, a place defended from the wind, (a nautical term, probably due to) ON. hlé, lee (of a ship).]

hleiþra, f. (97), hut, tent; II. Cor. V, 1. 4. [< √ hlei (cp. hlaiw) + suff. -þrô-. ON. hleiþra, tent.]

hleiþra-stakeins (88a), f. (103, n. 1), feast of tabernacls, lit. 'tent-sticking' [-stakeins < a lost v. *stakjan (= OHG. MHG. NHG. stecken, wv., to stick, put, set), to stick, put, put up.]

hlifan, stv. (176, n. 1), to steal; Mt. VI, 19.

hlijans; s. hleis.

hliuma, m. (108), hearing, ear. [< hliu- (+ suff. -man-) = OE. hlêo-, in hlêoðor, n., that which is herd, a sound, voice. Its √ is containd also in OE. hlûd (orig. pp., herd), ME. lud, loud, NE. loud; and in OHG. Hludwîg (-wîg < √ of Goth. weihan), NHG. Ludwig, Louis.]

hlûtrei, f. (113), purity, sincerity; II. Cor. I, 12. [< hlûtrs. OHG. hlût(t)rî, lût(t)ri, MHG. liuter, f., purity.]

hlûtriþa, f. (97), purity, sincerity; II. Cor. II, 17. [< hlûtrs + suff. -i-þô-.]

hlûtrs (15), adj. (124), pure. [< √ hlût + suff. -ra-. OE. hlût(t)or, ME. lutter, OHG. (h)lût(t)ar, MHG. lûter, NHG. lauter, adj., pure, clean, etc.]

hnaiwjan, wv. (187), to abase. [Caus. of hneiwan (prt. hnaiw). OE. hnæ̂gan (< hnâg, prt. of hnîgan), OHG. MHG. NHG. neigen, wv., to bend, press down.]

hnaiws, adj. (124), low, humbl. [< √ of hneiwan (prt. hnaiw).]

hnasqus, adj. (131, n. 1), soft, tender. [OE. hnæsce, hnesce, ME. NE. nesh (obs.), soft, tender.]

hneiwan, stv. (172, n. 1), to bend downwards, decline, bow. – Cpd. ana-h. [OE. hnîgan (For Goth. w and OE. g, s. Brgm., I, §§ 443 and 444). OHG. nîgan (for hnîgan), MHG. nîgen, stv., to bow, incline, NHG. neigen, wv. (due to neigen = Goth. hnaiwjan.)]

-hniupan, stv. (173, n. 1), in dis-hn., to tear or break to pieces, to break.

hnûþô (15; hnûtô in B), f. (112), thorn, sting. [ON. hnúða.]

hôrinôn, wv. (190), to whore, commit adultery; Mt. V, 27. 32. – Cpd. ga-h. [< hôrs.]

hôrs, m. (91), whoremonger, adulterer. [ON. hórr, m., adulterer, hóra, f., adulteress, > ME. hôre, NE. whore (w. inorganic w).]

hraineins, f. (103, n. 1), purification; Lu. II, 22. [< hrainjan + suff. -ei-ni-.]

hrainja-haírts (88a, n. 2), adj. (124), pure in hart, pure-harted. [-haírts < hairt- in haírtô; s. armahaírtiþa.]

hrainjan, wv. (187), to purify, clenz. – Cpd. ga-h. [< hrains. OHG. hreinnan (for hreinjan), reinen, MHG. reinen, to make clean. NHG. MHG. reinigen, to clean, < reinic(g), adj., < reine + suff. – ic, – g; s. hrains.]

hrains, adj. (130), pure, clean; h. waírþan, to becum clean, be clean; Mk. I, 41. to be clenzd; Mk. I, 42. [OHG. reini (r for hr), MHG. reine, NHG. rein, adj., clean.]

hraiwa-dûbô, f. (112), turtl-duv; Lu. II, 24. [Stem hraiwa- is in form = OE. hrâ(w), beside hræ̂(w), OHG. hrêo (ê before w = Goth. ai; o < w final), rê(o), MHG. rê, corpse.]

hrôpjan, wv. (188), to call, cry, cry out; Mk. III, 11. V, 5; w. (instr.) dat.; Mk. I, 26. V, 7. – Cpd. uf. – h. [< hrôps, m., outcry, clamor. (< √ of OE. hrôpan, rv., ME. rôpe, NE. (Sc.) roup, to cry, shout, OHG. ruofan, MHG. ruofen, NHG. rufen, to call, cry). OHG. ruofen, MHG. rüefen, wv., to call, cry out.]

hrôt, n., (94), roof; Mk. II, 4. [Cf. OE. hrôst (st < t-t), m., ME. rôst, NE. roost, a perch (for fowls).]

hrôþeigs, adj. (124), victorious, triumfant; II. Cor. II, 14. [< *hrôþi- (< √ hrô, seen in OHG. (h)ruom, MHG. ruom, NHG. ruhm, m., fame, glory, + suff. -þi-) = OE. hrêð, f., fame, + suff. -ei-ga-. OE. hrêðig, adj., triumfant.]

hrûkjan (15), wv. (188), to crow. [Cf. OE. hrôk, m., ME. rôk, NE. rook, a kind of crow.]

huggrjan (66, n. 1; 67, n. 1), wv. (188), to hunger. [< stem hungru-; s. hûhrus. OE. hyngran, ME. hungre, NE. hunger.]

hugjan, wv. (188), to think, be minded, believ, w. acc.; Skeir. VII, a; w. acc. and inf.; Lu. II, 44; w. ei; Mt. V, 17; waíla h., to think wel towards, agree with, w. dat.; Mt. V, 25. [< hugs, m. (= OE. hyge, m., ME. hyᵹe, hiᵹe, mind, thought). OE. hycgean (< *huggjan), ME. huᵹie, to think.]

hûhrus (15; 66, n. 1), m. (105), hunger. [< stem *hunhru- (*hungru-; s. huggrjan). OE. hungor (transferd to the a-declension), m., ME. hunger, NE. hunger.]

hulistr, n. (94), a cuvering, veil; II. Cor. III, 13-16. – Cpds. and-, ga-h. [< huljan + suff. -s-tra-. ON. hulstr, m., case, cuvering, Du. holster, case for a pistol, > NE. holster. – OE. heolstor, cuvering, cave, is a primary formation < √ of helan; s. huljan.]

huljan, wv. (187), to cuver, veil. [< *hulja (= OHG. hulla, MHG. hülle, f., cuvering, raiment, NHG. hülle, f., cuvering, veil, < *hilan, OE. helan, ME. hele, OHG. helan, MHG. heln, stv., NHG. hehlen, wv., to conceal, but verhohlen, adj., orig. pp., conceald, unverhohlen, unconceald, frank). OHG. hullan, MHG. NHG. hüllen, to envelop, cuver, veil.]

-hun, enclitic particl (163), any. [Cp. -gin = OE. – gen in hwergen, hwærgen (ƕær, where), anywhere. OHG. *hwargin, wergin, io (= aiw) wergin > iergen, MHG. (MG.) iergen, NHG. irgend (w. inorganic d), anywhere. Cp. Kl. W., irgend.]