A Gothic Grammar

bajôþs, adj. (117, n. 1; 140, n. 1), both. [Cf. bai.]

balgs, m. (100), lether bag, wine-skin, botl; Mk. II, 22. [Orig. skin of an animal. OE. bælg, m., a lethern bag, pouch, belly, ME. bely, NE. belly.]

balþei, f. (113), boldness; II. Cor. III, 12. [< *balþs, bold, daring, = OE. beald, ME. bald, bold, NE. bold.]

balwjan, wv. (187), w. dat., to torment, plague; Mk. V, 7. [< *balws, pernicious, baleful, = OE. bealu, adj., evil, pernicious, and n. sb., evil, sorrow, ME. bale, sb., bali, adj., NE. bale, misery.]

bandi, f. (96), band, bond. [< bindan. OE. bend, m. f. n., ME. NE. bend.]

bandja (32), m. (108), one being bound, prisoner. [< band-i + suff. -jan-.]

bandwa, f. (97, n. 1), sign, token.

bansts, m. (101), barn. Mt. VI, 26. [Cf. OE. bôs (< *bǫns < *bans), n., stable, ME. bôs, NE. boose.]

barizeins, adj. (124), of barley; Skeir. VII, a. d. [< *baris (+ suff. -eina-), barley, = OE. bere, m. (?), ME. bere, barley, NE. bar-in barley.]

barn (33), n. (93), child; Mk. V, 39. 40. 41. Lu. II, 12. 16. 17. 27. 40. Skeir. VII, b. [OE. bearn, barn, ME. barn, n., child, NE. barn (Shak.).]

barnilô, n. (110), litl child, sun; Mk. II, 5. [< barn + suff. -i-lôn-.]

Barþaúlaúmaius (24, n. 5), pr. n., Bartholomew; acc. -u; Mk. III, 18. [< Βαρθολομαῖος.]

batiza, compar. adj. (138), better, w. dat. of pers. and a subj. clause; Mt. V, 29. 30. [< *bat-, good, + compar. suff. -iz-a-n-. OE. bet(e)ra, ME. betere, bettre, NE. better.]

baþ, prt. of bidjan.

bauains, f. (103, n. 1), dwelling; Mk. V, 3. II. Cor. V, 2. [< bauan + suff. -ai-ni-.]

bauan (26), wv. (179, n. 2; 193, n. 1), to dwel, inhabit. – Cpd. ga-b. [OE. bûan, ME. bue, OHG. bûan, MHG. bûwen, to dwel, til, plant, cultivate, NHG. bauen, to build, cultivate, etc. Its √ is containd also in NE. bower and-bor, in neighbor.]

Baúanaírgaís (a by-name of James and John), Boanerges; Mk. III, 17. [< Βοανεργές.]

-bauljan (24, n. 1), wv. (187), to cause to swel, in uf-b. [Cf. OE. bŷle, f., ME. bile, bule, NE. bile, boil, tumor.]

baúr (33), m. (101, n. 2), son. [< baíran. OE. byre (< *buri-), m., son.]

baúrgs, f. (116), town, city; Mt. V, 35. Mk. I, 33. 38. 45. V, 14. Lu. II, 3. 4. 11. 39. [OE. burh, burg, f., ME. burgh, borugh, NE. borough.]

baúrgs-waddjus (88a, n. 3), f. (105), town-wall.

beidan, stv. (172, n. 1), w. gen., to abide, expect; Lu. II, 25. – Cpd. us-b. [OE. bîdan, ME. bide, NE. (a)bide.]

-beistjan, wv. (187, n. 3), to leven, in ga-b. [< beist, n., leven. < √ of beitan.]

beitan, stv. (172, n. 1), to bite. – Cpd. and-b. [OE. bîtan, ME. bite, NE. bite.]

bêrusjôs (bi-; 7, n. 3), pl. (sing. *bêruseis; 33), m. (92, n. 2), parents; Lu. II, 27. 41. [Orig. perfect ptc. activ, < √ of baíran.]

Bêþlahaim (aí for a in Jo. VII, 42; concerning the h, s. 61, n. 3), indecl. pr. n., Bethlehem; Lu. II, 4. 15. [< Βηθλεéμ.]

bi, prep. (217), (I) w. dat., (1) local, by. Mk. V, 41; (2) in abstr. relations, by, on; Mt. V, 34. 35. 36. Mk. V, 7; after, according to, in; Lu. II, 22. 27. 29. 39. 42. II. Cor. I, 17. IV, 13. V, 16; bi ufarassau, exceedingly; II. Cor. IV, 17. (II) w. acc., (1) local, against, on; Mt. V, 39; about; Mk. I, 6. III, 8. 32. 34. IV, 10. V, 4; (2) in abstr. relations, about, over, for, of, concerning; Mt. V, 44. Mk. I, 30. IV, 19. V, 16. 27. 33. Lu. II, 17. 27. 33. 38. II. Cor. I, 8. 11; against; Mt. V, 23. Mk. III, 6; because of, at, about; Mt. VI, 28. Lu. II, 18. —bi sumata, in part; II. Cor. I, 14. II, 5. [OE. bî, prep., bĭ-, be-, pref. ME. bi, by, bi-, be-, NE. by, be-.]

bi-aukan, rv. (179), to increase; in pass. w. dat. of pers., to ad to, giv more; Mk. IV, 24.

bida, f. (97), request, prayer; Lu. II, 37; the pers. for whom the prayer is made, is exprest by bi w. acc.; II. Cor. I, 11. [< bidjan. OE. bedu, f. (ge-bed, n.), ME. bede, OHG. beta, bita, MHG. bete, bite, NHG. bitte, f., prayer, request.]

bidjan, stv. (176, n. 5), to pray, ask, desire, beseech, call on, beg, (1) abs.; Mt. VI, 5. 6. 7. 9. Mk. I, 35; (2) w. acc. of the pers. addrest; Mt. V, 42. VI, 8. Mk. I, 40. V, 12. 23; (3) w. du w. dat. of the pers. addrest; Mt. VI, 6; (4) the pers. for whom the prayer is made, is exprest by bi w. acc.; Mt. V, 44; (5) w. acc. of pers. and a dependent clause introduced by ei (w. opt.); Mk. V, 10. 18; or an inf. clause; Mk. V, 17. II. Cor. II, 8. V, 20. [OE. biddan, ME. bidde, NE. bid, to pray, which represents also OE. bêodan; s. biudan.]

bi-gaírdan, stv. (174, n. 1), to begird, gird one's self.

bi-gat, bi-gêtun, prt. of bigitan.

bi-gitan, stv. (176, n. 1), to find, meet with, w. acc.; Mk. V, 37. Luc. II, 16. 45; w. two accs., the second being a ptc. in agreement w. the first; Lu. II, 12. 16 (barn). 46; in pass. w. nom.; Skeir. VII, c; or two noms. (one being implied); II. Cor. V, 3.

bi-hlahjan, stv. (177, n. 2), to laf at, laf to scorn; Mk. V, 40.

bi-leiban (56, n. 1), stv. (172, n. 1), to remain.

bi-leiþan, stv. (172, n. 1), to leav, forsake, in pp.; II. Cor. IV, 9.

bi-maitan, rv. (179), w. acc., to circumcise; Lu. II, 21.

bi-naúhan, prt. – prs. (201); impers.: bi-nah, it is lawful.

bindan, stv. (174), to bind. – Cpds. and-, ga-b. [OE. bindan, ME. binde, NE. bind.]

bi-raubôn, wv. (190), to rob, strip, despoil.

birusjôs; s. bêrusjôs.

bi-saíƕan (34, n. 1), stv. (176, n. 1), w. acc., to look round about on; Mk. III, 34.

bi-sauljan (24, n. 1), wv. (188), to sully, defile.

bi-saulnan (24, n. 1), wv., to becum soild, sullied, defiled.

bi-sitan, stv. (176, n. 1), to sit about or near; only in prsp. uzed substantivly (115): and allans bisitands (acc. pl.) G., to 'all dwellers' of G., i. e. round about G.; Mk. I, 28.

bi-skeinan, stv. (172, n. 1), w. acc., to shine upon, shine round about; Lu. II, 9.

bi-sunjanê, adv., about, round about, near; Mk. I, 38. III, 34. [-sunjanê, for *sundjanê, gen. pl. of the prsp. of √ es- + suff. -jon- (Feist p. 19); s. im.]

bi-swaírban, stv. (174, n. 1), to wipe.

bi-swaran, stv. (177, n. 1), to swear to, to adjure, w. acc. of pers. and bi w. dat.; Mk. V, 7.

Biþania (9, n. 1), pr. n., Bethany.

bi-þê and bi-þêh (153, n. 2; 154, n. 2; for -h, s. -uh), (1) adv., after that, then, afterward; Mt. V, 24. (2) conj. (218), while, when, as, as soon as; Mt. VI, 16. Mk. I, 42. II, 15. IV, 10. 17. 29. Lu. II, 15. 21. 22. 39. 42. Skeir. VII, d.

-biudan, stv. (170; 173), to offer. – Cpd. ana-b. [OE. bêodan, ME. bede, to offer, command, announce. NE. bid represents both OE. biddan and bêodan; s. bidjan.]

biugan, stv. (173, n. 1), to bow, bend. – Cpd. ga-b. [OE. bûgan (û for êo in the prs. forms), ME. buge, bouwe, NE. bow.]

bi-ûhti, n. (95), custom; Lu. II, 27. 42. [< biûhts.]

bi-ûhts (15), adj. (124), accustomd, wont.

biuþs (74, n. 2), m. (91, n. 2), table. [Apparently < √ of biudan. OE. bêod, m., table.]

bi-windan, stv. (174, n. 1), to wind round, enwrap, swathe, w. acc.; Lu. II, 7. (biwundans, wrapt) 12.

blandan, rv. (179, n. 1), to blend, mix. [OE. blandan, blǫndan, to mix, confused with blendan, to make blind, to mix, ME. blende, NE. blend.]

bleiþei, f. (113), mercy; II. Cor. I, 3. [< bleiþs.]

bleiþs, adj. (130, n. 2), merciful, kind. [OE. blîðe, happy, glad, frendly, ME. bliþe, NE. blithe.]

-blêsan, rv. (179, n. 1), to blow, in uf-b. [OHG. blâsan, MHG. NHG. blasen, to blow.]

bliggwan (68), stv. (174, n. 1), to beat, cut, w. acc. and instr. dat.; Mk. V, 5. [OE. *blêowan (Kluge, W., bläuen) (> ME. blowe, NE. blow, a stroke, hit), OHG. bliuwan, MHG. bliuwe, NHG. bläuen (now connected with blau, blu), to beat.]

-blindjan, wv. (187), to make blind, in ga-b. [< blinds.]

-blindnan, wv. (194), to becum blind, in ga-blindnan. [< blinds.]

blinds, adj. (123), blind. [OE. blind, ME. blind, NE. blind.]

blôma, m. (108), flower; Mt. VI, 28. [< √ blô, to bloom, + suff. -man-. OE. blôma, m., ME. blome, NE. bloom.]

-blôstreis (69, n. 2), m. (92), wurshipper, only in guþ-b. [< *blôstra-, a sacrifice, < blôtan + suff. -stra-.]

blôtan, rv. (179, n. 1), to reverence, wurship, w. acc. of pers. and instr. dat.; Lu. II, 37. [OE. blôtan, to sacrifice.]

blôþ (gen. blôþis; 94), n., blud; Mk. V, 25. 29. [OE. blôd (w. – d), n., ME. blod, n., NE. blud.]

blôþa-rinnands, adj. (prop. prsp.; 133), blud-running. [< stem of blôþ + prsp. of rinnan.]

bnauan (26), stv. (? 179, n. 2), to rub. [For bi-n. ON. *bnûa < b- + nûa =-nûa in gnûa (later nûa), to scrape.]

bôka, f. (97), letter; II. Cor. III, 6; in pl. letters; epistl; anafilhis bôkôs, letters of commendation; II. Cor. III, 1. afstassais bôkôs, writing of divorcement; Mt. V, 31. [Probably nom. pl. of bôk, n., which, at a later period, was mistaken for a nom. sg. f. OE. bôc, n., uzually f. (pl. bêc, w. i-uml.), ME. bok, NE. book.]

bôkareis, m. (92), scribe; Mt. V, 20. Mk. I, 22. II, 6. 16. III, 21. 22. [OE. ME. bôcere, m., scribe, lit. 'booker'.]

bôtjan, wv. (187), w. acc., to boot, profit, advantage. ni waíhtai bôtida, nothing betterd; Mk. V, 26. [< bôta (= OE. bôt, f., ME. bôte, advantage, NE. boot, reparation). OE. bêtan, ME. bête, NE. beet, bete, to mend, make better.]

brâhta, prt. of briggan.

braidei, f. (113), bredth. [< braiþs. OE. bræ̂du (the u for orig. î = Goth. ei), ME. brêde, NE. bredth (the th being due to sbs. w. orig. th = Goth.) -þ- of the ful suff. -iþô-.]

*braiþs, braids (74, n. 2), adj. (124), broad. [OE. brâd, ME. brâd, brôd, NE. broad.]

brakja (33, n. 1), f. (97, n. 1), strugl. [Orig. 'breach' (Brgm., II, § 63), < brikan + suff. -jan-.]

-brannjan (80, n. 1), wv. (187), to burn (tr.), in in-br. [Caus. of brinnan (prt. brann). OE. brennan, bærnan, ME. brenne, NE. burn (tr.).]

briggan (67, n. 2), anv. (174, n. 2; 208), to bring, lead, w. acc. and in w. dat.; Mt. VI, 13; waírþana b., to make or count wurthy; II. Cor. III, 6. [OE. bringan (prt. brǫ̂hte < *branhte = Goth. brâhta < *branhta), ME. bringe, NE. bring.]

brikan (33, n. 1), stv. (175, n. 1), to break. – Cpd. ga-b. [OE. brecan, ME. breke, NE. break.]

brinnan, stv. (174, n. 1), to burn (intr.). – Cpd. uf-b. [OE. brinnan, beornan (< birnan for brinnan), ME. berne, birne, NE. burn.]

brinnô, f. (112), fever; Mk. I, 31; in brinnôn ligan, to lie sick of fever; Mk. I, 30. [< brinnan.]

brôþar, m. (114), brother; Mt. V, 22. 23. 24. Mk. I, 16. 19. III, 17. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. V, 37. II. Cor. I, 1. 8. [OE. brôðor, ME. broðer, NE. brother.]

brôþru-lubô (88a, ns. 2. 3; 210, n. 1), f. (112), brotherly luv.

brûkjan (15), anv. (209), to uze, partake of, w. gen.; II. Cor. I, 17. III, 12. [< brûks.]

-bruknan, wv. (194), to break off (intr.), in us-b. [< pp. stem of brikan.]

brûks (15), adj. (130), useful, profitabl. [OE. brŷce, ME. briche, useful, < √ of Goth. *brûkan, OE. brûcan, ME. brôke, brouke, to uze, enjoy, NE. brook (v.).]

brunjô, f. (112), brestplate. [OE. byrne (-yr-for-ry-), f., ME. brynie, G. brünne, coat of mail.]

brunna, m. (108), wel, spring, issue; Mk. V, 29. [OE. burna (-ur-for – ru-), m., ME. burne, bourne, NE. bourn(e).]

-brunsts (49), f. (103), in ala-brunsts, holocaust, burnd offering. [< brinnan + suff. -sti-.]

brusts, f. (116), brest. [OHG. MHG. NHG. brust, f., brest. Cf. OE. brêost, n., ME. brest, NE. brest.]

brûþ-faþs (88a, n. 1; gen. -fadis), m., (101), bridegroom; Mk. II, 19. 20.

brûþs (15), f. (116), bride, daughter-in-law. [OE. brŷd, ME. bryde, brid, NE. bride.]

bugjan, anv. (209), to buy, sel. [OE. bycᵹan, ME. bugge, bigge, biᵹe, beye, NE. buy.]

-bundnan, wv. (194), in and-b. [< pp. stem of bindan.]

-Daban, stv. (177, n. 1), in ga-d. [OE. *dafan > the verbal adj. dæft, mild, gentl, ME. deft, daft, NE. deft, fit, dexterous, neat.]

daddjan (73, n. 1), wv. (187), to giv suck, suckl. [See Brgm., IV, § 707.]

Dagalaiphus (21, n. 1; 52), pr. n.

dags, m. (90), day; Mk. I, 9. 13. II, 20. IV, 35. Lu. II, 1. 6. 21. 22. 36. 44. II. Cor. I, 14; daga jah daga, day by day, daily; II. Cor. IV, 16; afar dagans, after (sum) days; Mk. II, 1; himma daga, to-day; Mt. VI, 11. 30. Lu. II, 11; und hina dag, until (unto) this day; II. Cor. III, 14. 15; naht jah daga, night and day; Mk. IV, 27; nahtam jah dagam, th. s.; Mk. V, 5. Lu. II, 37. [OE. dæg, m., ME. dæi, dai, day, NE. day.]

Daíkapaúlis, pr. n., Decapolis; dat. -ein; Mk. V, 20.

dailjan, wv. (188), to deal. Cpd. ga-d. [< dails. OE. dæ̂lan, ME. dêle, NE. deal, v.]

dails, f. (103), deal, part, portion, share. [OE. dæ̂l, m., ME. deal, dêl, NE. deal, sb.]

dal, n. (? 94, n. 2), dale, valley. [OE. dæl, n., ME. dale, NE. dale.]

dalaþ, adv. (213, n. 2), downward, down. [< stem of dal + suff. -þ.]

dalaþa, adv. (213, n. 2), below. [< dalaþ + suff. -a.]

dalaþrô, adv. (213, n. 2), from beneath. [< stem of dal + suff. -þrô.]

daubiþa, f. (97), defness; d. haírtins, hardness of hart; Mk. III, 5. [< daufs, gen. daub-is, + suff. -iþô-.]

-daubnan, wv. (194, b), to becum def, in af-d. [< *daufs, gen. daubis.]

-daudjan, wv. (188), in us-d. [< -dauþs, zelous, in us-dauþs.]

*daufs (56, n. 1), adj. (124, n. 2), def, hardend. [OE. dêaf, ME. dêf, NE. def.]

daug, prt. – prs. in 3d pers. sg. prs. ind. (198), it is fit, it is of use, it profits. [OE. dêah, inf. dugan, ME. duᵹe, dowe, NE. do (in the frase 'that wil do'), prov. E. dow.]

daúhtar, f. (114), daughter; Mk. V, 23. 34. 35. Lu. II, 36. [OE. dohtor, f., ME. douᵹter, NE. daughter.]

dauns, f. (103, n. 1), odor, savor; II. Cor. II, 14. 15. 16. [ON. daunn, m., odor.]

daupeins, f. (103, n. 1), baptism; Mk. I, 4. [< daupjan + suff. -ei-ni-.]

daupjan, wv. (187), to baptize, (1) abs.; Mk. I, 4. (2) w. acc. and in w. dat.; Mk. I, 8. (pass.) Mk. I, 5. 9. [OE. dŷpan (ŷ for ie < êa + – j = Goth. au + -j), to immerge, baptize.]

daupjands, m., prop. prsp. of daupjan (115); sa d., the Baptist.

daúr, n. (94), door, gate; Mk. I, 33. II, 2. [OE. dor, n., OHG. MHG. tor, NHG. thor, n., door, gate; s. also auga-daúrô.]

-daúrsan, prt. – prs. (199), to dare, in ga-d. [OE. *durran, prs. ind. sg. dear (= Goth. -dars), ME. dar, der, NE. dare.]

dauþeins, f. (103, n. 1), the dying; II. Cor. IV, 10. [< dauþjan + (suff. -ei-ni), to kil, < dauþs.]

-dauþnan, wv. (194), to die, in ga-d. [< dauþs.]

dauþs, gen. dauþis, adj. (124), ded; II. Cor. I, 9. [Prop. an old ptc. < √ dau (containd in ON. dó, prt. of deyja (Noreen, § 413), stv., to die, > ME. deye, NE. die) + suff. -þo-. OE. dêad, ME. dêd, ded, NE. ded.]

dauþus, m. (105), deth; II. Cor. I, 9. II, 16. in pl. deths, i. e. dangers of deth; II. Cor. I, 6. III, 7. IV, 11. 12. [< √ dau (s. dauþs) + suff. -þu-. OE. dêað (orig. u-stem), m., ME. deaþ, deð, NE. deth.]

Daweid, pr. n., David; Mk. II, 25. gen. -is: Lu. II, 4. 11. [< Δαυΐδ.]

-dêds; s. -dêþs.

deigan, stv. (172, n. 1), to knead. [< √ dîg, in prt. daig = OE. dâg, seen in dâg (Goth. daigs), dâh, m., ME. dah, dogh, NE. dough.]

-dêþs, -dêds (74, n. 2), f. (103), deed, only in cpds.; cf. missa-dêþs. [< √ dê (: dô > OE. dôn, ME. dô, NE. do) + suff. -þi-. OE. dæ̂d, f., ME. dede, NE. deed.]

diabaúlus, diabulus (13, n. 1), m. (105), devil. [< διάβολος, slanderer, devil.]

dis-, inseparabl particl prefixt to vs. (and verbal sbs.), (1) asunder, apart; (2) uzed intensivly (cf. dis-haban). [In meaning = Lt. dis- (> NE. dis- and OE. des-)> NE. de- (different from de-< Lt. de).]

dis-haban, wv. (192), w. acc., to constrain (s. dis-); II. Cor. V, 14.

dis-hniupan, wv. (173, n. 1), to break to pieces.

dis-kreitan, stv. (172, n. 1), to tear asunder, rend (tr.).

dis-skritnan, wv. (194), to rend (intr.).

dis-taíran, stv. (175, n. 1), w. acc., to tear asunder, burst; Mk. II, 22.

dis-wilwan, stv. (174, n. 1), to plunder (completely), spoil; Mk. III, 27.

diupei, f. (113), depth, deep. [< diups.]

diups, adj. (124), deep; Mk. IV, 5. [OE. dêop, ME. dêp, NE. deep.]

dius, gen. diuzis, n. (94), beast; Mk. I, 13. [OE. dêor, n., ME. dêr, der, (wild) animal, NE. deer.]

diwan, stv. (176, n. 2), to die; þata diwanô, that which is mortal, mortality; II. Cor. V, 4. [Cp. dauþs.]

-dôjan (26), wv. (187), in af-d.

dômjan, wv. (187), w. acc., to deem, judge; II. Cor. V, 14. [< dôms, m., judgment (= OE. dôm, m., ME. dôm, NE. doom). OE. dêman, ME. dême, deme, NE. deem.]

-draban, stv. (177, n. 1), in ga-d.

dragan, stv. (177, n. 1), to carry, load. [OE. dragan, ME. drawe, draᵹe, NE. draw.]

dragk (32; -ggk; 67, n. 1), n. (94), drink. [< drigkan, prt. dragk.]

dragkjan, wv. (188), to giv to drink. [Caus. of drigkan. OE. drencan, ME. drenche, NE. drench.]

draibjan, wv. (188), w. acc., to trubl; Mk. V, 35. [Caus. of dreiban. OE. – dræ̂fan, OHG. MHG. treiben, wv., to drive.]

draúhsna (drausna; 62, n. 4), f. (97), crum, fragment. Skeir. VII, d. [OE. drosn, ME. drosne, dregs. – ?]

draúhtinassus, m. (105), warfare. [< draúhtinôn + suff. -assu-, to war, < stem of -draúhts (ga-draúhts, m., soldier), < √ of driugan + suff. -ti-.]