Общий курс английского языка. Часть 4 (В2 – С2). 16 201 английское слово. © Лингвистический Реаниматор

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Holding Her Down

Barring accidents, a good hobo, with youth and agility, can hold a train down despite all the efforts of the train-crew to «ditch» him – given, of course, night-time as an essential condition. When such a hobo, under such conditions, makes up his mind that he is going to hold her down, either he does hold her down, or chance trips him up.

There is no legitimate way, short of murder, whereby the train-crew can ditch him. That train-crews have not stopped short of murder is a current belief in the tramp world. Not having had that particular experience in my tramp days I cannot vouch for it personally.

But this I have heard of the «bad» roads. When a tramp has «gone underneath,» on the rods, and the train is in motion, there is apparently no way of dislodging him until the train stops. The tramp, snugly ensconced inside the truck, with the four wheels and all the framework around him, has the «cinch» on the crew – or so he thinks, until some day he rides the rods on a bad road.

A bad road is usually one on which a short time previously one or several trainmen have been killed by tramps. Heaven pity the tramp who is caught «underneath» on such a road – for caught he is, though the train be going sixty miles an hour.

The «shack» (brakeman) takes a coupling-pin and a length of bell-cord to the platform in front of the truck in which the tramp is riding. The shack fastens the coupling-pin to the bell-cord, drops the former down between the platforms, and pays out the latter. The coupling-pin strikes the ties between the rails, rebounds against the bottom of the car, and again strikes the ties.

The shack plays it back and forth, now to this side, now to the other, lets it out a bit and hauls it in a bit, giving his weapon opportunity for every variety of impact and rebound. Every blow of that flying coupling-pin is freighted with death, and at sixty miles an hour it beats a veritable tattoo of death.

The next day the remains of that tramp are gathered up along the right of way, and a line in the local paper mentions the unknown man, undoubtedly a tramp, assumably drunk, who had probably fallen asleep on the track.

As a characteristic illustration of how a capable hobo can hold her down, I am minded to give the following experience. I was in Ottawa, bound west over the Canadian Pacific. Three thousand miles of that road stretched before me; it was the fall of the year, and I had to cross Manitoba and the Rocky Mountains. I could expect «crimpy» weather, and every moment of delay increased the frigid hardships of the journey. Furthermore, I was disgusted.

The distance between Montreal and Ottawa is one hundred and twenty miles. I ought to know, for I had just come over it and it had taken me six days. By mistake I had missed the main line and come over a small «jerk» with only two locals a day on it. And during these six days I had lived on dry crusts, and not enough of them, begged from the French peasants.

Furthermore, my disgust had been heightened by the one day I had spent in Ottawa trying to get an outfit of clothing for my long journey. Let me put it on record right here that Ottawa, with one exception, is the hardest town in the United States and Canada to beg clothes in; the one exception is Washington, D.C. The latter fair city is the limit. I spent two weeks there trying to beg a pair of shoes, and then had to go on to Jersey City before I got them.

But to return to Ottawa. At eight sharp in the morning I started out after clothes. I worked energetically all day. I swear I walked forty miles. I interviewed the housewives of a thousand homes. I did not even knock off work for dinner. And at six in the afternoon, after ten hours of unremitting and depressing toil, I was still shy one shirt, while the pair of trousers I had managed to acquire was tight and, moreover, was showing all the signs of an early disintegration.

At six I quit work and headed for the railroad yards, expecting to pick up something to eat on the way. But my hard luck was still with me. I was refused food at house after house. Then I got a «hand-out.» My spirits soared, for it was the largest hand-out I had ever seen in a long and varied experience. It was a parcel wrapped in newspapers and as big as a mature suit-case.

I hurried to a vacant lot and opened it. First, I saw cake, then more cake, all kinds and makes of cake, and then some. It was all cake. No bread and butter with thick firm slices of meat between – nothing but cake; and I who of all things abhorred cake most! In another age and clime they sat down by the waters of Babylon and wept. And in a vacant lot in Canada’s proud capital, I, too, sat down and wept… over a mountain of cake.

As one looks upon the face of his dead son, so looked I upon that multitudinous pastry. I suppose I was an ungrateful tramp, for I refused to partake of the bounteousness of the house that had had a party the night before. Evidently the guests hadn’t liked cake either.

That cake marked the crisis in my fortunes. Than it nothing could be worse; therefore things must begin to mend. And they did. At the very next house I was given a «set-down.» Now a «set-down» is the height of bliss. One is taken inside, very often is given a chance to wash, and is then «set-down» at a table.

Jack London

Задания к упражнениям 2 – 4

1. Составьте план повествования.

2. Письменно изложите происходящее своими словами, следуя пунктам, полученного плана, с обязательным использованием лексики упражнений 2 —4.

3. Перескажите содержание, написанного изложения, близко к тексту.

Тесты. Блок 2 (616 слов и идиом)

Тест 1

Переведите предложения на русский язык. Выберите правильный вариант ответа.

…we … … the cottage.

The next day, will have left for

Tomorrow, will leave for

Tomorrow, leave to

Next day, will be leave for

We’ll immediately … … … river, and we … ……

come in the, will swimming and sunbathing

go to the, will be swimming and sunbathing

go at-, «ll swim and sunbath

go for the, will swim and sunbath

…… there until dinner time comes.

We will be, until

We’ll be, untill

We’ll have been, until

We’ll have been being, til

We … … the river for a very long time, until it… dark.

will have been at, «ll get

are at, have been getting

will have been staying at, gets

will be staying between, it’s getting dark

Milana and Nika … ……

have left in Moscow

live in Moscow

are living in Moskow

Had left in Moscou

Milana … … school, and Nika … … university.

is going at, is going at

has went to, has went to

«ll go -, «ll go to —

goes to, goes to

Now Milana … … her friend, and Nika … … the session.

Walks with, prepares for

is walking with, is preparing for

Has walked for, is preparing to

has been walking to, has been preparing for

She … … the morning, so she… very tired, and she … … breakfast.

has been studying from, was, had not yet had

has been studying since, is, has not yet had

has been studying in, is, has not had yet

Has studied since, has been, have not

Five years …, Oleg and Nikita … … the university.

before, had graduated

beforehand, graduated —

ago, had been graduating fom

ago, graduated from

They … … honors, it … … easy.

graduated by, was not

graduated with, was no

graduated for, had not been

graduated with, was not

Переведите предложения на русский язык. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму.

On the eve of the defense of diplomas, they (not sleep/ они не спали) all night, (prepare/ готовясь) for the upcoming test.

They (check/ сверяли) data and (correct) errors for many hours before they (come) for the exam.

They carefully (check/ проверили) everything before they (start) to protect their projects.

Тест 2

Переведите предложения на русский язык. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму.

This year our family (go/ поедет) to rest in Spain.

We (swim and sunbathe/ мы будем купаться и загорать) for days.

Mom and sister (go/ пойдут по магазинам shopping, as always.

They (engage/ они будут ходить по магазинам) in shopping until Dad (come) for them.

They (try/ будут примерять) on many different outfits for several hours until they (spend) all their money.

Kitty and Nancy (be/ подруги) friends.

They (be/ дружат) friends for 10 years.

In doing so, they (be/ совершенно разные) completely different.

Nancy (immerse/ увлечена) in the study, and Kitty only (think) about new outfits.

Today she (go/ ходит) shopping since the morning, and Nancy (prepare/ готовится) for her economy test.

She almost (complete/ выполнила) everything she (plan/ запланировала) the day before.

Five years ago, the girls (move) to San Francisco.

They (prepare/ готовились) for it all a year.

They (prepare/ готовились) for that for a long time until they (complete) all the formalities.

They (collect/ собрали) all the necessary documents before they (ask/ их об этом попросили) about it.

Тест 3

Переведите предложения на русский язык. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму.

I (say/ сказала) that the next day we (leave/ уедем) for the cottage.

You (say/ сказал) that we immediately (go/ пойдём) to the river and we (swim and sunbathe/ будем купаться и загорать).

He (say/ сказал) that we (be/ будем) there until dinner time (come).

We (say/ сказали) that we (stay/ будем) at the river for a very long time until it (get) dark.

You (say/ сказал) that Milana and Nika (live/ живут) in Moscow.

They (say/ сказали) that Milana (go/ ходит) to school, and Nika (go/ ходит) to university.

I (say/ сказала) that then Milana (walk/ гуляет) with her friend and Nika (prepare/ готовится) for the session.

You (say/ сказал) that she (practice/ занимается) since morning, so she (be/ очень устала) very tired, besides she not yet (have/ не завтракала) breakfast.

She (say/ сказала) that five years before Oleg and Nikita (graduate/ окончили) from university.

He (say/ сказал) that they (graduate/ окончили университет) with honors, and that it (not be/ было) easy.

We (say/ сказали) that on the eve of their diploma defense they (not sleep/ не спали) all night, (prepare/ готовясь) for the upcoming test.

You (say/ сказала) that they (check/ проверяли) the data (correct/ исправляя) the errors for many hours before they (come) for the exam.

They (say/ сказали) that they carefully (check/ проверили) everything before they (proceed) to protect their projects.

Тест 4

Переведите предложения на русский язык. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму.

I said (that) that year our family (go/ поедет) for holydays to Spain.

You said that we (swim and sunbathe/ будем купаться и загорать) for days.

He said that Mom and sister (go/ пойдут) shopping, as always.

She said that they (engage/ будут ходить по магазинам) in shopping until Dad (come) for them.

You said that they (try/ будут примерять) on many different outfits for several hours until they (spend) all their money.

We said that Kitty and Nancy (be/ подруги) friends.

They said that they (be/ дружат) friends for 10 years.

I said that, in doing so, they (be/ совершенно разные) completely different.

You said that Nancy (immerse/ погружена) in the study, and Kitty only (think) about new outfits.

He said (that) that day she (go/ ходит по магазинам) shopping since the morning, and Nancy (prepare) for her economy test.

She said that she almost (complete/ выполнила) everything she (plan) the day before.

We said that five years before the girls (move) to San Francisco.

You said that they (prepare/ готовились) for it for a year.

You said that they (prepare/ готовились) for it for a long time until they (complete) all the formalities.

I said that they (collect/ собрали) all the necessary documents before they (ask/ до того, как их об этом попросили) about it.

Тест 5

Переведите предложения на русский язык. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму.

I (tell/ мне сказали) that the next day we (take/ нас отвезут) to the cottage.

You (tell/ вам сказали) that we immediately (take/ нас отвезут) to the river, and we (swim and sunbathe/ будем купаться и загорать).

He (tell/ ему сказали) that we (be/ будем) there until we (invite/ нас пригласят) for supper.

We (tell/ нам сказали) that they (stay/ будем) at the river for a very long time, until it (get) dark.

You (tell/ вам сказали) that Milana and Nika (offer/ Милане и Нике предложили) to live in Moscow.

They (tell/ им сказали) that Milana (enroll) / Милану устроили) to school, and Nika (enroll/ устроили) to university.

I (tell/ мне сказали) that then Milana (ask/ Милану попросили) to take a walk with her friend), and Nika (prepare/ Нику готовили) for the session.

You (tell/ тебе сказали) that she (teach/ ей преподают) since the morning, so she (be/ очень устала) very tired, besides, she not yet (have/ не завтракала) breakfast.

She (tell/ ей сказали) that ten years before they (admit/ их приняли) to university.

He (tell/ ему сказали) that their merits highly (appreciate/ их заслуги высоко оценили), and that they (have/ у них было) a hard time.

We (tell/ нам сказали) that on the eve of their graduation they (give/ им дали) many useful material, in odrer to prepare them for the upcoming test.

You (tell/ вам сказали) that all the data (check/ были проверены), and the errors (correct/ были исправлены) for many hours, before they (come) for the exam.

They (tell/ им сказали) that everything carefully (check/ было тщательно проверено), before they (proceed) to protect their projects.

Тест 6

Переведите предложения на русский язык. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму.

They (tell/ они сказали) me (that) that year) we (take/ нас отвезут) for holydays to Spain.

They (tell/они сказали) you that we (swim and sunbathe/ мы будем купаться и загорать) for days.

He (tell/ ему сказали) that sister (take/ сестру возьмут) shopping, as always.

She (tell/ ей сказали) that they (engage/ будут ходить по магазинам) in shopping until Dad (come) for them.

You (tell/ вам сказали) that, as always, many different outfits (try/ будут примерятся) on for several hours until all the money (spend/ деньги будут потрачены).

We (tell/ нам сказали) that Kitty and Nancy (be/ подруги) friends.

They (tell/ им сказали) that they (be/ дружат) friends for 10 years.

I (tell/ мне сказали) that, in doing so, they (be/ совершенно разные) completely different.

You (tell/ тебе сказали) that Nancy (immerse/ погружена) in the study, and Kitty only (interest/ Китти интересуют только) in new outfits.

He (tell/ ему сказали) (that) that day Kitty (go/ понесло по магазинам) on a serious shopping spree, and Nancy (prepare/ готовят) for her economy test.

She (tell/ ей сказали) that almost everything that (plan/ было запланировано) the day before, (complete/ было выполнено).

We (tell/ нам сказали) that five years before the girls (offer/ девушкам предложили) to move to San Francisco.

You (tell/ вам сказали) that they (prepare/ их готовили) for it for a year.

They (tell/ им сказали) that they (prepare/ их готовили) for it for a long time, until all the formalities (complete/ были выполнены).

I (tell/ мне сказали) that all the necessary documents (collect/ были собраны) long before they (ask/ их об этом попросили) about it.

Тест 7

Переведите предложения на русский язык. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму.

It (be/ было бы) great if (если бы) this year our family (go/ поехала) on holidays to Spain.

I (be/ была бы) happy if (если бы) all day long we (swim and sunbathe).

I (can/ могла бы) guess that, as always, my mom and sister (go/ пойдут) shopping.

And I (figure/ предположила) that it (be/ было бы) funny if (если бы) they (engage/ ходили по магазинам) in shopping until dad (come) for them.

I (think/ подумала) that they (try/ они бы примеряли) on many different clothes for several hours until they (spend) all their money.

It (be/ было бы) nice if (если бы) Kitty and Nancy (be/ были) friends.

It (be/ было бы) cool if (если бы) they (be/ дружили) friends for 10 years.

They (have/ они бы ладили) a good time together although at the same time they (be/ они бы были) completely different.

Let’s say, Nancy (immerse/ была бы погружена) in the study, and Kitty only (think/ думала бы) about her new outfits.

There (not be/ не было бы) nothing unusual if (если бы) yesterday since the morning she (go) shopping, and Nancy (prepare) for her economy test.

It (be/ было бы) clear if (если бы) she (complete/ выполнила) almost everything that she (plan/ запланировала) the day before.

I (not believe/ я бы не поверила) it if (если бы) I (tell/ мне сказали) that five years ago, the girls (move/ переехали) to San Francisco.

We (never believe/ мы бы никогда не поверили) that they (prepare/ готовились) for that all year.

It (be/ было бы) understandable if (если бы) they (prepare) for that for a long time until they (complete/ пока не выполнили) all the formalities.

We (be/ были бы) very excited for them if (если бы) they (prepare/ они подготовили) all the necessary documents before they (ask/ до того, как их об этом попросили) to do so.

Упражнение 1 (1142 слова и идиомы)

Переведите текст на русский язык, абзац за абзацем. Поставьте глаголы, стоящие в скобках, в нужную форму, там, где это необходимо; вместо троеточия соответствующий артикль; вместо восклицательного знака соответствующий предлог или частицу. Выучите все новые слова и выражения. Перескажите содержание близко к тексту.

Переведите прямую речь в косвенную, начав так:

She / he said that…

Elves Valley

(live) (!) … (!) …(!) … (work) (!) …(!) (!) (lead) … (get / разбогатеть) (!) (happen) (spoil) (destroy) Alice small house outskirts village. Although her parents field morning night, they modest and poor life. Certainly, how rich such circumstances. Strong hurricanes often there, they and crops.

(go) (!) (brood) … (flash), …(start) … (brake) (be) (!) …(begin) (!) (крушить) …… (!) (!) … And one day, when father and mother work, heavy clouds over house, lightning strong hail , and then wind out. It such force that it demolish all buildings around, smash boats pieces nearest marina.

(very scare / была очень напугана) (climb) (pull) (!) (sit) (feel) …(get / домик оторвало) … (carry) (!) … Alice , she onto her bed and cover her head. That way she until she that house off ground and unknown direction.

…(run) (!) … (! / вниз)  (already pass) (fly) (begin) (spin / кружится) and (disappear) (! / перед) girl up window and looked – they her native village, across the lake, mountains, some city. And then everything her eyes.

(wake) (! / очнулась) (realize) … (not fly / не летит) (get) (! / встала) (look) (!) … (be) …sunny (dot) (!)(!) front (!) (перед ней) …(fly) …(sing) …(leave) … (go) (look) (!) (пошла осмотреться) When Alice , she that house anywhere. She and window. There lawn different flowers her . butterflies and birds there, so girl house and .

(walk) …(pick) (twist) …(!) (lie) (! / легла) …(admire / любуясь) … (become) (! / от) …(!) …(!) (hover) (! / над)  She little, flowers, wreath them, on grass, azure cloudless sky, but suddenly her eyes round surprise – about meter away some tiny creature, similar girl wings, her.

(be) (ask / спросила) – Who you? – Alice .

(be) (! / из) … (say / сказало) … (! / с) … (meet / познакомиться) (be) (come) (! / откуда ты) – I  Josephine Elves Valley. — creature friendly smile. – Nice you! Who you, and where you ?

(introduce / представилась) (tell) (listen) (!)  Alice herself politely and her sad story. Josephine carefully her:

… (be) (!) – What sad story – your mom and dad probably drown in their sorrow, they think that you no longer exist. I feel sorry them.

(be) … (!) (be) (mean) (find) …. But there also bright side this – you safe and sound, which you can return home if you way there

(!) … (get / познакомиться) acquainted (!) (like / понравится) meantime, I suggest you our country – Elves Valley. I really hope you it here.

(!) (be)(be / нужно будет) (reduce / уменьшить) (fly / сейчас слетаю) (! / за) … However, you cannot go us like that – you too big, you can spoil our flower fields. It necessary you. Now I  magic wand.