Подготовка к ОГЭ по английскому языку. Практикуем лексику по темам кодификатора

to clean the kitchen – убирать на кухне

to wash the dishes – мыть посуду

to help with shopping – помогать с покупками

to share the responsibility – делить ответственность

to vacuum the house – пылесосить дом

to fold laundry – складывать бельё

to take out the trash – выносить мусор

to complain about something – жаловаться на что-то

to pitch in – помогать, делать свою часть

to support one another – поддерживать друг друга

to feel appreciated – чувствовать себя оценённым

to reward oneself – награждать себя

to choose what to do – выбрать, что делать

to create a happy home – создавать счастливый дом

to work together – работать вместе

3. Exercises

Exercise 1: Matching

Match the English phrases with their Russian translations.

to help parents

to prepare breakfast

to fold laundry

to clean the kitchen

to vacuum the house

to pitch in

to take out the trash

to work together

a) складывать бельё

b) помогать родителям

c) работать вместе

d) пылесосить дом

e) выносить мусор

f) готовить завтрак

g) убирать на кухне

h) делать свою часть

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks

Complete the sentences using the words and phrases from the box.

Box:

to keep things organized, to show appreciation, to help with shopping, to pitch in, to fold laundry, to take out the trash, to feel appreciated, to work together

Anna always helps her mother __________ by cleaning the kitchen after breakfast.

Max doesn’t like __________, but he knows that it’s part of his responsibilities.

Anna’s parents always thank her for her efforts, which makes her __________.

The whole family __________ to keep the house tidy and help each other.

It’s important for everyone in the family __________ and contribute to the chores.

On weekends, Anna helps her father __________ and buys some fresh vegetables.

When everyone in the family helps, they can __________ and enjoy their time together.

It’s good to __________ for the work you do by rewarding yourself sometimes.

Exercise 3: Answer the questions

Answer the questions using full sentences.

How do you help your parents at home?

Do you enjoy helping your parents with household chores? Why or why not?

Why do you think it’s important to help your parents?

How do your parents show appreciation for your help?

What do you think would happen if no one helped around the house?

4. Answers

Exercise 1: Matching

1 – b

2 – f

3 – a

4 – g

5 – d

6 – h

7 – e

8 – c

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks

help with shopping

folding laundry

feel appreciated

pitch in

to keep things organized

take out the trash

work together

show appreciation

Exercise 3: Answer the questions

How do you help your parents at home?

I help my parents by cleaning my room, washing the dishes, folding the laundry, and sometimes helping with cooking. I also help my dad with gardening on weekends.

Do you enjoy helping your parents with household chores? Why or why not?

I don’t always enjoy doing chores, especially when I’m busy with homework. But I understand that it’s important to help my parents and it makes them happy.

Why do you think it’s important to help your parents?

It’s important to help my parents because they do a lot for me, and helping them shows that I appreciate their hard work. It also makes our home a better place to live in.

How do your parents show appreciation for your help?

My parents thank me when I help out, and sometimes they reward me by letting me choose what to do for the weekend, like going to the movies or ordering pizza.

What do you think would happen if no one helped around the house?

If no one helped around the house, it would be very messy and unorganized. My parents would feel stressed and tired, and it would be hard to enjoy our time together. Teamwork is important for keeping the home happy and peaceful.

Home Comfort

1. Story

Anna loves spending time at home because it is her safe place. For her, home is not just a building – it’s a place where she feels relaxed and comfortable. Every corner of the house is filled with things that make her feel at peace. Her parents have worked hard to create a warm, cozy atmosphere in their home.

The living room is her favorite place. It has soft, colorful pillows on the couch, and the walls are decorated with family photos and paintings that Anna loves. There’s always a warm blanket nearby for those chilly evenings when the family watches movies together. The soft light from the table lamps creates a calm and inviting atmosphere.

Anna’s mother is very particular about keeping the house clean and tidy, but she also makes sure that it feels cozy. She likes to arrange fresh flowers in vases, and there’s always a nice smell of homemade food coming from the kitchen. Anna loves helping her mom with cooking, especially on weekends when they bake cookies or prepare a special meal together. These activities make the house feel even more inviting.

In her room, Anna has created a small corner where she likes to read books. She has soft lighting, a comfortable chair, and a small bookshelf filled with her favorite novels. When Anna is tired or needs a break, she goes to her reading corner, wraps herself in a blanket, and gets lost in a good story. It’s her little retreat from the world, a place where she can relax and feel at peace.

Her parents also believe that a comfortable home is a peaceful home. They make sure to keep the house organized, but they also fill it with things that make everyone feel welcome. The atmosphere in their home is full of warmth, and Anna is proud to be a part of such a cozy and happy place.

2. Useful Phrases and Expressions

home comfort – домашний уют

safe place – безопасное место

cozy atmosphere – уютная атмосфера

soft pillows – мягкие подушки

to arrange flowers – ставить цветы

homemade food – домашняя еда

to bake cookies – печь печенье

reading corner – уголок для чтения

to get lost in a story – погружаться в историю

to feel at peace – чувствовать спокойствие

to create a warm atmosphere – создавать тёплую атмосферу

to wrap oneself in a blanket – завернуться в одеяло

table lamps – настольные лампы

family photos – семейные фотографии

to feel relaxed – чувствовать себя расслабленно

to be particular about something – быть требовательным к чему-то

to keep the house tidy – поддерживать порядок в доме

inviting atmosphere – привлекательная атмосфера

comfortable chair – удобное кресло

to have a retreat – иметь уединённое место

3. Exercises

Exercise 1: Matching

Match the English phrases with their Russian translations.

home comfort

cozy atmosphere

to arrange flowers

homemade food

reading corner

to get lost in a story

to feel at peace

to wrap oneself in a blanket

a) погружаться в историю

b) уютная атмосфера

c) комфортное кресло

d) иметь уединённое место

e) домашняя еда

f) чувствовать спокойствие

g) ставить цветы

h) домашний уют

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks

Complete the sentences using the words and phrases from the box.

Box:

to feel at peace, cozy atmosphere, reading corner, homemade food, soft pillows, inviting atmosphere, to arrange flowers, to get lost in a story, comfortable chair, to bake cookies

In the living room, there are __________ on the couch, and the lights are dim, creating a very relaxing vibe.

My mom loves __________ on the kitchen table to make the room feel fresh and welcoming.

Anna loves her __________ in her room, where she reads her favorite books and relaxes.

The smell of __________ always fills the house and makes everyone feel happy.

Sometimes, after a long day, I like to sit in my __________ and read a good book.

When I read a good novel, I can easily __________ and forget about everything around me.

The family always works together to create a __________ at home where everyone can relax.

After a long walk, I like to __________ and watch a movie with my family.

Exercise 3: Answer the questions

Answer the questions using full sentences.

What makes your home feel comfortable and cozy?

Do you like having a reading corner or a special place to relax? Why or why not?

How do your parents create a cozy atmosphere at home?

What activities do you enjoy doing at home that help create a relaxing atmosphere?

Why do you think it’s important to have a comfortable home?

4. Answers

Exercise 1: Matching

1 – h

2 – b

3 – g

4 – e

5 – d

6 – a

7 – f

8 – i

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks

soft pillows

to arrange flowers

reading corner

homemade food

comfortable chair

get lost in a story

cozy atmosphere

wrap oneself in a blanket

Exercise 3: Answer the questions

What makes your home feel comfortable and cozy?

My home feels comfortable because we have soft blankets on the couches, warm lighting, and family photos on the walls. The smell of homemade food also makes the house feel inviting and cozy.

Do you like having a reading corner or a special place to relax? Why or why not?

Yes, I love having a reading corner. It’s a place where I can escape into a book and forget about everything else. It makes me feel relaxed and peaceful.

How do your parents create a cozy atmosphere at home?

My parents create a cozy atmosphere by using soft lighting, arranging fresh flowers, and keeping the house clean and organized. They also play relaxing music in the evenings, which helps create a calm environment.

What activities do you enjoy doing at home that help create a relaxing atmosphere?

I enjoy reading books, watching movies with my family, and helping my mom cook. These activities help me unwind and create a peaceful atmosphere at home.

Why do you think it’s important to have a comfortable home?

A comfortable home is important because it’s a place where you can relax and feel at peace. It’s where you can recharge and feel safe, surrounded by people you love.

A Person’s Appearance

1. Story

Anna met her new classmate, Lily, on the first day of school. Lily was a bit shy at first, but she quickly warmed up to Anna when they started talking about their favorite hobbies. Anna noticed that Lily had a very unique style.

Lily was tall, with long, straight brown hair that reached her shoulders. She wore glasses with bright red frames that made her look smart and stylish. Her eyes were green and sparkled when she smiled, which happened a lot because Lily was a very friendly person. She had a small nose and full lips, and her skin was fair, with a light freckling on her cheeks.

Anna could see that Lily took good care of herself. She wore simple, but fashionable clothes – a light blue T-shirt and a denim jacket. Lily’s sense of style was casual, yet she always looked well put together. Anna thought she looked effortlessly chic.

Anna, on the other hand, was shorter than Lily and had curly blonde hair that she usually wore in a ponytail. She had blue eyes and a few freckles across her nose. She was very active and liked to play sports, so she had a slim and fit body. Anna preferred comfort over style, often wearing jeans and sneakers. She didn’t care much for fashion, but she always looked neat and tidy.

As they spent more time together, Anna realized that Lily’s appearance perfectly reflected her kind and outgoing personality. She was warm and approachable, and that made her even more beautiful.

2. Useful Phrases and Expressions

to be tall / short – быть высоким / низким

to have long / short hair – иметь длинные / короткие волосы

to have straight / curly hair – иметь прямые / кудрявые волосы

to wear glasses – носить очки

to have blue / green eyes – иметь голубые / зелёные глаза

to have freckles – иметь веснушки

to look smart – выглядеть умно

to look stylish – выглядеть стильно

to have a small / large nose – иметь маленький / большой нос

to have full lips – иметь полные губы

to take care of oneself – заботиться о себе

to wear fashionable clothes – носить модную одежду

to look well put together – выглядеть собранно

to be active – быть активным

to have a slim / fit body – иметь стройное / подтянутое тело

to prefer comfort – предпочитать комфорт

to look neat and tidy – выглядеть аккуратно

to be outgoing – быть общительным

to reflect someone’s personality – отражать чью-то личность

3. Exercises

Exercise 1: Matching

Match the English phrases with their Russian translations.

to have straight hair

to wear glasses

to be active

to have freckles

to look smart

to look stylish

to be outgoing

to look neat and tidy

a) быть активным

b) иметь веснушки

c) выглядеть стильно

d) быть общительным

e) носить очки

f) выглядеть умно

g) иметь прямые волосы

h) выглядеть аккуратно

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks

Complete the sentences using the words and phrases from the box.

Box:

to be tall, to have curly hair, to look stylish, to wear glasses, to have green eyes, to take care of oneself, to have a slim body, to be outgoing, to look neat and tidy, to prefer comfort

Lily __________ and has long, straight brown hair.

Anna likes sports and has a __________ body.

She always __________, even when she wears jeans and a T-shirt.

I usually __________ and don’t care much about fashion.

My friend Sarah __________ and always looks elegant.

Tim is very __________, and he talks to everyone he meets.

Tom’s __________ make him look even more charming.

I wear __________ because I have trouble seeing far away.

I like people who __________ and care about their health.

You should always __________ by wearing clean and neat clothes.

Exercise 3: Answer the questions

Answer the questions using full sentences.

How would you describe your appearance?

What do you think is more important: looking stylish or feeling comfortable? Why?

How do you think a person’s appearance can reflect their personality?

What kind of clothes do you like to wear, and why?

Do you think it’s important to take care of yourself? Why or why not?

4. Answers

Exercise 1: Matching

1 – g

2 – e

3 – a

4 – b

5 – f

6 – c

7 – d

8 – h

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks

is tall

slim

looks stylish

prefer comfort

looks neat and tidy

outgoing

freckles

wear glasses

take care of oneself

look neat and tidy

Exercise 3: Answer the questions

How would you describe your appearance?

I have medium-length brown hair and brown eyes. I am average height and have a slim body. I like to wear comfortable clothes, like jeans and T-shirts.

What do you think is more important: looking stylish or feeling comfortable? Why?

I think feeling comfortable is more important. If you feel good in what you wear, you will look more confident. Style can follow, but comfort should come first.

How do you think a person’s appearance can reflect their personality?

A person’s appearance can show a lot about their personality. For example, if someone is neat and well-groomed, they might be organized and care about details. If they wear casual clothes, they might prefer comfort and ease over fashion.

What kind of clothes do you like to wear, and why?

I like wearing casual clothes, like T-shirts and jeans, because they are comfortable and practical. I also like bright colors that make me feel happy.

Do you think it’s important to take care of yourself? Why or why not?

Yes, it’s important to take care of yourself because it helps you feel better physically and mentally. When you take care of your body, you can be more confident and ready to face challenges.

Describing a Literary Character’s Appearance

1. Story

In every story, authors describe their characters in detail to help readers visualize them. A character’s appearance can reveal a lot about their personality, background, and even their role in the plot. The way a character looks often gives us clues about who they are or what they might be going through in the story.

For example, in many novels, characters are described in terms of their height, build, hair color, and eye color. These physical details are important for helping us form an image of the character. A tall, muscular character might be described as strong and imposing, while a shorter, more delicate character might be portrayed as graceful or reserved.

Authors also use features like facial expressions and posture to show the character’s emotions. For instance, if a character’s face is described as constantly smiling, it might suggest that they are friendly, optimistic, or kind-hearted. On the other hand, a character with a furrowed brow or a tight mouth might be portrayed as serious or angry.

Clothing and style are also important elements in describing a character. The way a character dresses can tell us a lot about their personality or social status. A character who wears expensive, well-tailored clothes might be portrayed as rich, elegant, or even arrogant, while a character who wears simple, worn-out clothes might be seen as humble or poor.

Ultimately, a character’s appearance serves not only to help readers visualize them, but also to enhance the storytelling. Physical descriptions help create a stronger connection between the reader and the character, making them feel more real and relatable.

2. Useful Phrases and Expressions

to be described as – быть описанным как

to stand tall – стоять прямо, быть высоким

to be of average height – быть среднего роста

to have a strong build – иметь крепкое телосложение

to have delicate features – иметь утончённые черты

to have striking eyes – иметь поразительные глаза

to have a pleasant smile – иметь приятную улыбку

to wear elegant clothes – носить элегантную одежду

to wear shabby clothes – носить потрёпанную одежду

to have a confident posture – уверенная осанка

to have a slouching posture – сутулиться

to have a stern expression – строгое выражение лица

to have a warm expression – тёплое выражение лица

to be well-groomed – быть ухоженным

to be scruffy – быть неопрятным

to look disheveled – выглядеть неопрятно

to be described in detail – быть описанным в деталях

to reflect a character’s personality – отражать личность персонажа

to add depth to a character – добавлять глубины персонажу

3. Exercises

Exercise 1: Matching

Match the English phrases with their Russian translations.

to stand tall

to have striking eyes

to wear shabby clothes

to have a slouching posture

to be well-groomed

to look disheveled

to have delicate features

to have a confident posture

a) иметь утончённые черты

b) быть неопрятным

c) стоять прямо

d) иметь поразительные глаза

e) носить потрёпанную одежду

f) уверенная осанка

g) сутулиться

h) быть ухоженным

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks

Complete the sentences using the words and phrases from the box.

Box:

to have a warm expression, to be of average height, to wear elegant clothes, to stand tall, to have a confident posture, to look disheveled, to have a stern expression, to be well-groomed

The prince always __________, walking through the halls with an air of authority.

The old woman was described as __________, her wrinkles showing a lifetime of kindness.

The young man __________, showing off his perfectly pressed suit and polished shoes.

His clothes were torn and dirty; he __________, as if he had been through a long journey.

The soldier __________, showing no signs of fear or hesitation.

She looked __________, her hair messy and clothes wrinkled after the long day of travel.

The teacher often __________, making her students feel nervous and afraid.

Despite the long day, the actress always made sure she __________, with no hair out of place.

Exercise 3: Answer the questions

Answer the questions using full sentences.

What can the appearance of a character tell you about their personality?

Do you think the way a character dresses is important for their role in the story? Why or why not?

How can the description of a character’s posture or facial expression help you understand them better?

What is the role of physical descriptions in creating a connection between the reader and the character?

Can you think of an example from a book where a character’s appearance revealed something important about them? Explain.

4. Answers

Exercise 1: Matching

1 – c

2 – d

3 – e

4 – g

5 – h

6 – b

7 – a

8 – f

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks

stood tall

had a warm expression

wore elegant clothes

looked disheveled

had a confident posture

looked disheveled

had a stern expression

was well-groomed

Exercise 3: Answer the questions

What can the appearance of a character tell you about their personality?

The appearance of a character can give us clues about their personality. For example, if a character is always neat and well-groomed, it might suggest that they are organized and care about their image. If a character looks messy or disheveled, they might be portrayed as carefree or rebellious.

Do you think the way a character dresses is important for their role in the story? Why or why not?

Yes, the way a character dresses is important because it can reflect their social status, personality, and role in the story. For example, a wealthy character might wear expensive clothes, while a poor character might wear worn-out clothing. Clothing can help establish a character’s background and relationship with others.

How can the description of a character’s posture or facial expression help you understand them better?

A character’s posture or facial expression can give us insight into their emotions and state of mind. For example, a character with a confident posture might be self-assured, while someone with a slouching posture might seem insecure or shy. A stern expression can indicate anger or seriousness, while a warm expression might show kindness.