ЕГЭ-2025. Английский. Варианты на основе открытого банка ФИПИ

1. and from the sea has been firmly ensured

2. which is a former royal countryside residence

3. who designs many royal residences in Europe

4. and then rebuilt in the baroque style in the 18th century

5. who wanted to decorate the main entrance with waterfalls

6. that are located in the park on the coast of the Gulf of Finland

7. and on the other hand, to become a monument of Russia’s struggle

Ответ:

A

B

C

D

E

F

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

College food

Choosing a college? Well, you may want to look more closely at what’s being served. Not just in the classrooms but also the cafeterias.

What you eat and drink in college can make a big difference during college and well beyond. College may be the first time that you are away from Mommy and Daddy and are making decisions about what to put in your mouth on your own. It is when you are potentially programming some of your habits for life. You may also still be growing in college, which makes good nutrition especially important. According to a study published in the journal Preventive Medicine, overweight and obesity rates increase by more than 15% for first-year college students.

Healthy may not be the first thing you think of when you picture college eating. Instead, it may be late-night takeout, food from bags, ketchup as a vegetable, cereal for dinner and Nutella on everything. Oh, and when the cafeteria’s vegetable-of-the-day is mushroom, it may actually be “mush” served in a room. The same study found that 95% of college students fail to eat the recommended amount of fruits and vegetables, and more than 60% report not getting enough physical activity.

That is why the Healthier Campus Initiative appeared. As science has shown, once your eating habits are established, changing them can be very difficult. Yes, knowledge and a diploma aren’t the only things that you can get for life from college. That means that collegiate eating and drinking could be contributing to the continuing obesity epidemic and the host of diet-related chronic diseases that keep growing in many countries.

College applicants seem to become more and more aware of this. Back when I was applying to college, the only thing I knew about college meal plans was that they involved meals and a plan. Oh, and that they could be quite costly. By contrast, a survey conducted in 2015 showed nearly 1 in 5 potential college applicants indicated that a college’s health and wellness offerings were “likely” or “extremely likely” to alter their decisions of whether to apply to that college. And 23% felt that access to such offerings would be “absolutely essential when deciding where to apply.” Among female high schoolers, 51% deemed it either absolutely essential or very important. Modern kids are smart.

Therefore, take heed, colleges and universities. They say that a way to one’s heart is through the stomach. This may apply to the brain as well and the checkbook for college tuition. If colleges want to attract the best and brightest, they may want to make sure they are serving the yummiest and the healthiest.

Of course, not all campuses around the country have joined the Initiative yet. That doesn’t mean that all other campuses are serving just hot dogs. However, you may want to be vigilant about what colleges and universities are serving. For example, ask to see their menus and accompanying nutrition information. This should include ingredients and frequency at which they are served. An apple a year will keep no doctor away. Determine what food is available off-hours or away from the cafeteria. This should include water fountains and healthy vending machines. Know who is supplying the food and from where the food comes.

Certainly, college food is not the sole cause of the epidemics of obesity and other diet related chronic diseases that certain countries are facing right now as there are a lot of other factors involved, including economics and family traditions. But it may be a contributor. After all, college years may be very important in forming habits we keep through our whole lives.

12 The author thinks that choosing a college should depend on …

1) food served there.

2) workout facilities.

3) classes and food.

4) healthy campus habits.

Ответ:

13 Which of the following is NOT true about college eating, according to the author?

1) Food choices in college can determine your future nutrition.

2) Most students lack fruit and vegetables in their diet.

3) More senior students have extra weight than first-year students.

4) After leaving home many freshmen eat unhealthy food.

Ответ:

14 In the author’s view, the Healthier Campus Initiative was started to …

1) study what meals colleges offer nationwide.

2) draw parents’ attention to students’ eating habits.

3) work with obese students and their parents.

4) encourage colleges to provide healthier food.

Ответ:

15 According to the article, college applicants nowadays …

1) are more concerned about college meal options.

2) are less intelligent than in the author’s time.

3) prefer colleges that offer wellness scholarships.

4) mostly choose a college based on meal plans.

Ответ:

16 The phrase take heed in “Therefore, take heed, colleges and universities” (Paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to …

1) pay attention.

2) stay back.

3) take time.

4) keep calm.

Ответ:

17 The author is using a reference to a famous proverb “An apple a day keeps a doctor away” (Paragraph 7 – An apple a year will keep no doctor away) to emphasize that …

1) your health depends on the food you eat.

2) it is important how often you eat healthy food.

3) snacks are also important in students’ diet.

4) applicants should check college menus first.

Ответ:

18 The main goal of the article is to …

1) discuss the reasons for obesity and chronic diseases.

2) call the readers’ attention to the importance of college food.

3) explain what colleges should do to attract more students.

4) encourage more colleges to join the Healthier Campus Initiative.

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 10–18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.

Animal sleep

19 Sleep is as important for animals as for human beings. Ferrets, for instance, can sleep the __________________ part of the day – about 20 hours.

BIG

20 Snakes may sleep for three years without __________________ up to get some food.

WAKE

21 Dolphins always sleep with one eye open whereas sharks __________________ moving during their sleep as they breathe only while moving.

NOT STOP

Vincent van Gogh

22 Vincent van Gogh was a Dutch Post-Impressionist painter. In his lifetime he __________________ sell any pictures.

NOT CAN

23 People often made fun of him and his works. They used to tell him that he __________________ a real painter.

NOT BECOME

24 However, van Gogh never stopped painting. He preferred to listen to his heart and follow his dream. Now his pictures __________________ masterpieces and cost a lot of money.

CONSIDER

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25–29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25–29.

Vladislav Tretyak

25 Vladislav Tretyak is an outstanding Russian hockey player. He is considered to be one of the best goaltenders in the history of ice hockey. He was born in 1952 in a family of a military pilot and a PE teacher. So, it was only __________________that Tretyak did much sport in his early childhood.

NATURE

26 He tried __________________ sports and wanted to excel in all of them, but fell in love with ice hockey at the age of 11.

VARY

27 He entered the Children and Youth Sports School of the CSKA, where he began playing goaltender when he saw that, __________________, no one else had the desire or courage to play the position.

ACTUAL

28 By the age of 19, Tretyak was already famous not only in Russia, but also on the __________________ level.

NATIONAL

29 His great __________________ in the Summit Series in 1972 earned him a massive fan base all over the world. Tretyak retired at the age of 32 to spend more time with his family. He is the current president of the Ice Hockey Federation in Russia.

PERFORM

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30–36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30–36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Emily

Emily was disappointed. She finally settled on the one person she felt she could seek advice from. She decided to turn 30 ______ at the docks unannounced and hope George would be around when she knocked on his door.

She didn’t 31 ______either of her brothers who she was visiting. One of them would try to stop her, while the other would feel she betrayed a confidence. Emily could 32 ______wait until her day off, and once she had dropped Luke at school, she took a bus to the dockyard. She had chosen her time carefully: late morning, when George was still likely to be in his office, while her brothers would be fully 33 ______loading or unloading cargo at the other end of the dock. Emily said to the man on the gate that she’d come to apply for a job as a cleaner. He pointed indifferently towards the red-brick building and still didn’t 34 ______her.

As she walked towards Spencer House, Emily looked up at the windows on the fifth floor and 35 ______which office was his. She recalled her encounter with Mrs. Gray, and the way she had been shown the door the moment she mentioned her name. Now Emily not only had a job she 36 ______and where she was respected, but she’d had two other offers in the past few days. She didn’t give Mrs. Gray another thought as she walked straight past the building and continued along the quayside.

30

1) off

2) up

3) in

4) on

Ответ:

31

1) say

2) speak

3) talk

4) tell

Ответ:

32

1) hardly

2) merely

3) rarely

4) nearly

Ответ:

33

1) timed

2) governed

3) occupied

4) tested

Ответ:

34

1) remember

2) review

3) remind

4) revise

Ответ:

35

1) wondered

2) wandered

3) considered

4) regarded

Ответ:

36

1) pleased

2) enjoyed

3) amused

4) satisfied

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 19–36 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 19–29 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.

Раздел 4. Письменная речь

Для ответов на задания 37 и 38 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями или использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 37 и 38 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Соблюдайте нормы письменной речи, записывайте ответы аккуратно и разборчиво.

Укажите номер задания 37 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.

37 You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Olivia:

From: [e-mail]

To: [e-mail]

Subject: Online shopping

…Most of my friends prefer shopping online today. What kind of shopping do you prefer? Is online shopping popular in your country, and why or why not? What are the possible risks of shopping online?

I’ve passed all my school exams at last…

Write an email to Olivia.

In your message:

– answer her questions;

– ask 3 questions about her school exams.

Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of email writing.

Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (38.1 или 38.2), укажите его номер в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 38 числительные пишите цифрами.

38.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on what career development activities are popular among Zetland young people. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Write 200–250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2–3 facts;

– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

– outline a problem that can arise with choosing a career and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on how to find a good job.

38.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on what holiday destinations are most popular in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).

Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Write 200–250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2–3 facts;

– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

– outline a problem that can arise with choosing a holiday destination and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the best holiday destination.

Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.

ВАРИАНТ 6

Раздел 1. Аудирование

1 Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

1. The benefits of recycling are questionable.

2. Recycling is an inconvenience.

3. Recycling should be profitable for people.

4. We possess more things than we need.

5. Recycling is about reusing what we have.

6. Recycling is the government’s issue.

7. Wealth allows people not to recycle.

Говорящий / Утверждение

A

B

C

D

E

F

2 Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

A. Steve didn’t want to meet Karen.

B. Steve wants Karen to give him some advice.

C. Steve’s host family lives close to his future school.

D. Steve will have to buy another mobile phone in Russia.

E. Karen was generally satisfied with Russian public transport.

F. Karen thinks buses are the best means of transport in Russia.

G. Steve feels more confident after talking to Karen.

Утверждение / Соответствие диалогу

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3 What do we learn about Paul at the beginning of the interview?

1) He has worked as a fashion model.

2) He’s planning to finish his acting career.

3) He’s getting too old to perform.

Ответ:

4 Which of the following is NOT Paul’s achievement?

1) Academy Award.

2) Two Oscars.

3) World’s best actor.

Ответ:

5 What does Paul say about the beginning of his acting career?

1) It had many ups and downs.

2) He was out of work for a year.

3) He can’t remember any failures.

Ответ:

6 How does Paul feel about Paris?

1) He has mixed feelings about it.

2) He hates visiting it as a tourist.

3) He compares it to London unfavourably.

Ответ:

7 What does Paul say is the best way for him to relax?

1) To avoid all the noise.

2) To go to the mountains.

3) To stay in a cabin up the hills.

Ответ:

8 Which of the following is TRUE about Paul’s school friends?

1) All of them live in London.

2) They used to be scandalous fans.

3) They play football professionally.

Ответ:

9 Who is Brando for Paul?

1) A role model.

2) An old friend.

3) A person to admire.

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 1–9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 2. Чтение

10 Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Penguins’ diet

2. No longer a secret

3. Sound identification

4. Are penguins birds?

5. Different homes

6. Enemies everywhere

7. Living in Antarctica

8. How big are penguins?

A. Penguin sizes range from the largest penguin species, which can be as tall as 45 inches and weigh as much as 60 to 90 pounds, to the smallest penguin, which only reaches 12 inches in height and weighs 2 to 3 pounds. The largest species of penguin, the Emperor penguin, averages 66 pounds and a height of 3.8 feet and lives in Antarctica. The second-largest penguin, the King penguin, looks similar to the Emperor penguin but is found in the sub-Antarctic belt, rather than in Antarctica.

B. Penguins are flightless birds. The main types of predators that eat penguins are marine animals, such as leopard seals, whales and sharks. Many land animals are also a threat to penguins in Antarctica and include birds like petrels, skuas and seagulls. These birds either steal penguin eggs or kill their chicks. Penguins, which live in other areas of the world like the Galapagos Islands, Australia and South Africa, can have different land predators that include snakes, ferrets, lizards and foxes.

C. All known species of penguins live naturally in the southern hemisphere of the world. They actually occupy habitats that are located on each of the five continents within the southern hemisphere. Antarctica, which is known for its low temperatures, is a habitat for only five breeds of penguins. The majority of penguins prefer colder climates, but there are some species that prefer a slightly warmer climate. The Galapagos penguin, for example, resides far north near the Galapagos Islands.

D. Penguins primarily communicate vocally, but they also communicate through body language and posturing. Penguins all look virtually identical, which makes individual recognition very difficult. To overcome this, penguins have evolved different sounding voices and the ability to recognize the individual voices of their mates or chicks. This allows the birds to recognize and find their mates or chicks among the masses, which all look the same. Besides, penguins produce different types of calls.