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ЕГЭ-2025. Английский. Варианты на основе открытого банка ФИПИ
In addition, if you are a foreign student in Russia, the biggest challenge is a different education system. Russian higher education is very different from that in the United States. For the most part, universities are buildings scattered throughout a city, not the centralized micro-cities that many US students are used to. Russians generally take 9–11 classes per semester that meet less frequently than American courses would, and it is not uncommon to skip a class almost entirely and just cram for the final from other students’ notes or a study guide. Professors are also less available –no office hours, they don’t always give out a school e-mail address, and in general they treat students more like colleagues.
It can be a shock going from a campus plastered with student event flyers to a cluster of half-empty academic buildings, but don’t worry – Russians make up for it by hosting a plethora of clubs and organizations for the city in general. Especially in St. Petersburg and Moscow there are hundreds of clubs to join from language (be a star in the English conversation club; meet other foreigners in the Russian club), sports, acting, dancing, singing, board games, movie-watching, and more! Try making some searches on the Russian social network V Kontakte to start out.
Going abroad for a long period of time has its difficulties no matter where you choose to go, but the better prepared you are for the challenges you’ll face in Russia, the faster you will adjust and be able to call this northern empire your second home.
12 What are people sure to experience when coming to stay in a different country, according to the author?
1) Both good and bad emotions.
2) Language barrier.
3) Confusion.
4) Loneliness.
Ответ:
13 The author believes that going to a foreign country without knowing its language is …
1) hard.
2) useful.
3) stupid.
4) common.
Ответ:
14 It is implied that your communication skills are … when you live abroad.
1) improved naturally
2) challenged
3) more effective
4) often ignored
Ответ:
15 According to the author, expressing emotions in the Russian culture …
1) is untypical of many people.
2) differs depending on circumstances.
3) is forbidden in public places.
4) is similar to the American culture.
Ответ:
16 The author thinks that compared to the USA, in Russian universities …
1) final exams are more difficult.
2) education process is more centralized.
3) teachers are more professional.
4) students could disregard some classes.
Ответ:
17 “It” in “… Russians make up for it by hosting …” (paragraph 7) refers to the …
1) variety of student clubs.
2) social networking.
3) student activities.
4) quality of academic buildings.
Ответ:
18 What is the main idea expressed in the last paragraph?
1) The adaptation period to a foreign culture depends on an individual.
2) Living in Russia for a long time is rather challenging for foreigners.
3) The longer you stay abroad, the better prepared you become.
4) Preparation can smooth your adaptation period in Russia.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 10–18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.
A cleaning wand
19 A cleaning wand is a totally new invention. It features the advanced UV-C technology that helps to kill bacteria and germs. It’s the __________________ ever cleaning device you can literally take anywhere.
ONE
20 The __________________ thing about it is that it can clean anything.
GOOD
21 There’s no doubt that __________________ are going to like this invention very much.
WOMAN
Robert Heinlein
22 Robert A. Heinlein was a US science fiction author. He was among those writers who emphasized scientific accuracy in their fiction. He also __________________ it was necessary to challenge the readers.
THINK
23 He pointed out it was necessary to develop __________________ critical thinking.
THEY
24 He pointed out that any science fiction book __________________ a success if the author followed these two important principles.
BE
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25–29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25–29.
Anatoly Karpov
25 Anatoly Karpov is a Russian chess grandmaster. He is considered to be one of the greatest __________________ of all time.
PLAY
26 Karpov started playing chess when he was only four. Recognizing his talent, Karpov’s parents did everything possible to help him master this __________________ game.
EXCITE
27 Karpov quickly became the national master and went on to receive the title of a grandmaster at the age of 19. It may sound __________________ but Karpov successfully combined playing chess with being an excellent student.
POSSIBLE
28 He proceeded to win a series of __________________ tournaments, becoming the official world champion in 1975. His reign as the world champion came to an end only when he was defeated by Garry Kasparov in 1985.
NATIONAL
29 The two men then had many more matches at various __________________, proving to be equally good chess masters. Karpov is now actively involved in humanitarian activities.
CHAMPION
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30–36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30–36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
At the office
Max White tapped on Paul’s office door at 15.00. He walked in without 30 ______ for a response. Paul looked up from the papers on his desk and said, “Sit down, Max. Please 31 ______ me everything you know.”
It was Tuesday, the eighth of July; the day before, the rumors had been rampant throughout the company that more of the top executives were going to be sacked on the explicit orders of Brent Horn. 32 ______, nobody knew who would be terminated. So most of the people were 33 ______ about losing their jobs. An atmosphere of fear reigned in the company for the first time in over thirty years, and there was gloom on every floor of the building.
Max had all the information, as he had just told Paul on the phone; now he leaned closer and confided, “I understand George Sanford was given his walking orders late on Friday afternoon. And this week we’ll see the 34 ______ of Jim Cooper and John Turner, two good men.” It was terrible news. They had been with the company about as long as Paul had. They were among Brent Horn’s big supporters when he was trying to get the company back from the DeWitts. They were much 35 ______ by everyone. Paul couldn’t 36 ______ of their dismissal. He was truly shocked, and it showed. The company had changed the moment Brent Horn had taken control, and it genially concerned him.
30
1) expecting
2) waiting
3) demanding
4) requiring
Ответ:
31
1) say
2) speak
3) talk
4) tell
Ответ:
32
1) However
2) Although
3) Therefore
4) Moreover
Ответ:
33
1) bothered
2) annoyed
3) worried
4) troubled
Ответ:
34
1) destruction
2) demonstration
3) departure
4) determination
Ответ:
35
1) recognized
2) respected
3) regarded
4) remained
Ответ:
36
1) admire
2) accept
3) appreciate
4) approve
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 19–36 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 19–29 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.
Раздел 4. Письменная речь
Для ответов на задания 37 и 38 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями или использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 37 и 38 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Соблюдайте нормы письменной речи, записывайте ответы аккуратно и разборчиво.
Укажите номер задания 37 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.
37 You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Jerry:
From: Jerry@mail.uk
To: Russian_friend@ege.ru
Subject: Weather
…This year the weather in winter was unusually cold. What about the weather in your region this winter? What do you do when it is snowing heavily? What is your favourite season, why?…
I’ve just returned from a trip to London…
Write an email to Jerry.
In your message:
– answer his questions;
– ask 3 questions about his trip to London.
Write 100–140 words.
Remember the rules of email writing.
Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (38.1 или 38.2), укажите его номер в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 38 числительные пишите цифрами.
38.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on how people stay healthy in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).
Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
– select and report 2–3 facts;
– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
– outline a problem that can arise with some approaches to staying healthy and suggest a way of solving it;
– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of staying healthy.
38.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on why people should study geography in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).
Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your opinion on the subject of the project.
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
– select and report 2–3 facts;
– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
– outline a problem that can arise with learning geography and suggest a way of solving it;
– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of studying geography in our life.
Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.
ВАРИАНТ 5
Раздел 1. Аудирование
1 Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
1. Your health may stop you from taking baths.
2. Taking baths is not environmentally friendly.
3. Technical innovations make a shower a great experience.
4. Taking a bath isn’t as wasteful as you may think.
5. Taking showers helps me to stay healthy.
6. Taking a bath is a perfect way to relax.
7. There are both pluses and minuses about baths and showers.
Говорящий / Утверждение
A
B
C
D
E
F
2 Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A. Greg studied in Russia for a year.
B. Mary wants Greg to give her some advice.
C. Mary still needs to get a visa to Russia.
D. Greg thinks Mary shouldn’t take cash.
E. Greg and Mary live in London.
F. Mary always tips waiters in restaurants.
G. Greg disliked Russian soups.
Утверждение / Соответствие диалогу
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
3 What do we learn about Michelle at the beginning of the interview?
1) She plans to finish her artistic career very soon.
2) Her main characteristics are love and respect.
3) She’s worked with the same people for many years.
Ответ:
4 How did Michelle get rid of stage fright?
1) Spending time with her family.
2) Recording new tapes.
3) With the help of psychotherapy.
Ответ:
5 What does Michelle say about her charity activities?
1) She chooses what she feels is right.
2) She prefers education issues.
3) She will always support women’s rights.
Ответ:
6 Which of the following is NOT among the top priorities of Michelle’s foundation?
1) Climate change.
2) Family education.
3) Women’s health.
Ответ:
7 Why did Michelle decide to raise money for the Women’s Heart Center?
1) A lot of women die from heart diseases.
2) Heart problems are harder to treat than cancer.
3) She survived a horrible hear attack herself.
Ответ:
8 What does Michelle NOT mention as a way to relax?
1) Playing computer games.
2) Going on a diet.
3) Watching a film.
Ответ:
9 What does Michelle regret about her career?
1) Having lost her voice.
2) Missing playing certain roles.
3) Losing fans.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 1–9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 2. Чтение
10 Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. A job for anybody
2. Start your business
3. A job with a high salary
4. Choosing a job
5. Zoopsychologist
6. Night work
7. Working with your hands
8. Working for royals
A. Some people can’t get out of the house easily to shop, don’t have the time to do it or just don’t enjoy shopping. If shopping is something you enjoy, turn it into a self-employed career. Personal shoppers give advice to customers and suggest products that may suit their needs. This can be anything from gifts to household goods to clothing. Advertise your services at locations such as senior citizens’ centres, community centres, shopping malls and grocery stores. Meet with the clients and find out what items (groceries, clothing, etc.) they need and how often.
B. The market is changing very fast. In fact, there may be careers that exist when a student gets out of college that simply didn’t exist when they started. So rather than asking, “What do I want to be?,” pose these questions: “What skills do I have? What kinds of people do I like to work with? In what kind of environment?” This is a way to think about a career without necessarily naming it. You describe yourself in a functional way and then figure out what that’s called and if people get paid to do it.
C. The regulations define this as the period between 11 pm and 6 am although this agreement can be slightly varied between employers and workers. Generally, people who work for at least three hours within the period must be offered a free health assessment before they begin their work duties and on a regular basis. Workers, however, do not have to accept this check. In general, workers must be over 18, although there are some exceptions to this rule. Teenagers aged 16 and 17, for example, can work according to this schedule, but only for 40 hours per week.
D. When your dog won’t roll over or your cat is making a mess, you might have to call someone who specialises in pet behaviour to solve your problems. This person analyses the pet’s confidence and security inside and outside the home to find the source of the problem. By studying their instincts and social rituals in their natural habitat as well as around humans, they modify the unwanted behaviour. It is all about helping dogs, cats and horses feel safe and confident and secure inside and outside our homes.
E. Being a queen’s piper involves playing the bagpipes for 15 minutes at 9 am under the Queen’s window when she is in residence at Buckingham Palace, Windsor Castle, the Palace of Holyroodhouse or Balmoral Castle. The piper is also responsible for the co-ordination of the 12 Army pipers who play around the table after State Banquets. It’s important to be presentable and patient enough when escorting the Queen to the various audiences that she has throughout the day.
F. A surgeon starts with a Bachelor’s degree, specializes in medicine and finally, surgery and then spends up to seven years as an intern or a resident. If you want to cut people open, they want to be really sure you know what you are doing. The field will be growing, as people now live longer. This is one of the highest demand and best paid jobs in the US because it takes so much skill and precision. Wages vary depending on the type of surgery, but on average this was the highest paid medical job in 2015.
G. Imagine you’re an electrician, you’re installing a pipe and have to bend around the corners to make everything line up. This kind of work requires improvisation and creativity. Besides, the wages of manual workers are greater than in many office jobs. For instance, a skilled mechanic usually earns more than a sociology graduate working in publishing. Besides, the job offers small moments of joy, like when the bike you’re mending starts up and runs. But not everything about manual work is rosy. Furniture making, for example, is not a good career move.
Ответ:
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
11 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
City of fountains
Peterhof is a monument of world architecture and palace and park art. Peterhof includes a palace and park ensemble of the 18-19th centuries, A__________. Peterhof is a city of fountains as it contains 173 fountains and 4 cascades B__________. Each year up to 3 million people come here to enjoy the splendour of numerous fountains and the unique parks of Peterhof.
The name Peterhof was first mentioned in 1705. It was a coastal manor, close to which the construction of a grand country residence began. The original plan belonged to Peter the Great. After the brilliant victory of Russian troops over the Swedes, security of St. Petersburg both from the land C__________. Since that time, the construction of the Peterhof residence grew immensely in scope.
According to the plan of Peter the Great, on the one hand, Peterhof was meant to be equal in splendour with the most famous royal residences in Europe, D__________ to access the Baltic Sea. Both were successfully done. The Great Palace was built on a natural hill here, E__________. Following the plan of Peter the Great, F__________, the Grand Cascade with the famous Samson fountain was constructed. This is still one of the most spectacular fountains in the world. In 1990 the palaces and parks of Peterhof were included in the list of the world heritage of UNESCO.
