Английские идиомы и устойчивые выражения: системный курс для ЕГЭ

Английские идиомы и устойчивые выражения: системный курс для ЕГЭ

Джуди Грэммер

© Джуди Грэммер, 2026

ISBN 978-5-0069-7660-3

Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero

Введение

Дорогие читатели!

В современном изучении английского языка важно не только знать грамматику и лексику, но и уметь правильно использовать устойчивые выражения и идиомы. Эти элементы языка помогают говорить и писать более точно, а также делают речь естественной и понятной носителям. Владение ими особенно важно для успешной подготовки к ЕГЭ, где проверяется умение применять язык в различных ситуациях.

Цель этой книги — систематизировать и представить наиболее распространённые устойчивые выражения и идиомы, сгруппированные по темам, связанным с повседневной жизнью, учебой, работой, отношениями и эмоциями. Каждая глава включает список выражений с примерами их использования, упражнения для закрепления материала и развёрнутые ключи для самопроверки и анализа.

Практическая направленность книги позволит вам изучать выражения постепенно, закреплять их употребление и повышать уверенность при работе с экзаменационными заданиями. Все упражнения ориентированы на формирование навыков понимания и использования языка в реальных ситуациях.

Эта книга предназначена для систематического изучения и подготовки к экзаменам, а также для улучшения повседневной речевой практики на английском языке.

Joy & Happiness / Радость и счастье

Выражения

On cloud nine — быть на седьмом небе от счастья; She was on cloud nine when she got the job offer.

Over the moon — очень рад, вне себя от счастья; He was over the moon about his exam results.

Walking on air — летать от радости; I was walking on air after hearing the good news.

In high spirits — в приподнятом настроении; The team was in high spirits after winning the championship.

Grin from ear to ear — улыбаться во всю ширь; He was grinning from ear to ear after seeing his birthday gift.

Jump for joy — прыгать от радости; The children jumped for joy when the circus came to town.

Tickled pink — быть в восторге, очень рад; She was tickled pink to meet her favorite author.

Beaming with happiness — сиять от счастья; She was beaming with happiness on her wedding day.

Like a kid in a candy store — в восторге от чего-то нового, счастлив как ребёнок; He was like a kid in a candy store when he entered the toy shop.

Full of the joys of spring — полон радости и энтузиазма; He was full of the joys of spring after his successful presentation.

Практика

Заполните пропуски, используя подходящее выражение:

She was __________ when she received the news about her promotion.

He felt __________ after hearing that he had won the contest.

After hearing the good news, I was __________ all day.

The team was __________ after winning the championship.

He was __________ when he saw his birthday cake.

She couldn’t stop __________ when she heard the good news.

The kids were __________ when they saw the amusement park.

He was __________ after getting the acceptance letter from his dream university.

When she met her favorite celebrity, she was __________.

He walked into the room __________ after hearing the compliments.

Everyone was __________ at the party last night.

I was __________ when my best friend returned from abroad.

She felt __________ after finishing her first marathon.

He was __________ when his idea got approved by the manager.

The children were __________ in the playground.

She was __________ with excitement before her wedding day.

He was __________ after receiving the award.

They were __________ at the success of their project.

I was __________ when I received a gift from my secret admirer.

She felt __________ after spending the day with her friends.

Проверь себя

On cloud nine — быть на седьмом небе от счастья; пример: She was on cloud nine when she got the job offer.

Over the moon — вне себя от радости; пример: He was over the moon about his exam results.

Walking on air — летать от радости; пример: I was walking on air after hearing the good news.

In high spirits — в приподнятом настроении; пример: The team was in high spirits after the victory.

Grin from ear to ear — улыбаться во всю ширь; пример: He was grinning from ear to ear after seeing his birthday gift.

Jump for joy — прыгать от радости; пример: The children jumped for joy when the circus came to town.

Tickled pink — быть в восторге, очень рад; пример: She was tickled pink to meet her favorite author.

Beaming with happiness — сиять от счастья; пример: She was beaming with happiness on her wedding day.

Like a kid in a candy store — очень рад, как ребёнок в кондитерской; пример: He was like a kid in a candy store when he entered the toy shop.

Full of the joys of spring — полон радости и энтузиазма; пример: He was full of the joys of spring after his successful presentation.

On cloud nine — I was on cloud nine when my favorite team won.

Over the moon — She was over the moon after getting the scholarship.

Walking on air — He’s walking on air after hearing the good news.

In high spirits — The students were in high spirits before the summer holidays.

Grin from ear to ear — He grinned from ear to ear when he opened the gift.

Jump for joy — She jumped for joy when she heard she passed the test.

Tickled pink — I was tickled pink to see my old friends again.

Beaming with happiness — They were beaming with happiness at the family reunion.

Like a kid in a candy store — He felt like a kid in a candy store seeing all the new gadgets.

Full of the joys of spring — She was full of the joys of spring after finishing her exams.

Sadness & Melancholy / Грусть и уныние

Выражения

Down in the dumps — быть в депрессии, подавленным; He’s been down in the dumps since he lost his job.

Feeling blue — грустный, в унынии; She’s feeling blue because her best friend moved away.

In the doldrums — в унынии, без настроения; The team was in the doldrums after losing the championship.

Heartbroken — с разбитым сердцем; He was heartbroken when his girlfriend left him.

Downhearted — удручённый, разочарованный; She felt downhearted after failing her driving test.

Carry a heavy heart — быть огорчённым, тяжело на душе; He carried a heavy heart after the argument with his parents.

Cry over spilt milk — сожалеть о прошлом, что уже нельзя изменить; There’s no use crying over spilt milk about the missed opportunity.

Have the blues — испытывать грусть, тоску; I’ve had the blues all week because of the bad weather.

In low spirits — в подавленном состоянии; She was in low spirits after receiving the rejection letter.

Bitter about — испытывать горечь, обиду; He was bitter about being passed over for promotion.

Практика

Заполните пропуски, используя подходящее выражение:

He was __________ after failing his final exam.

She has been __________ ever since her cat ran away.

After the team lost the match, they were __________.

She was completely __________ when her boyfriend broke up with her.

I felt __________ after hearing the bad news.

He went home __________ after the argument with his friend.

There’s no point in __________ mistakes you made last year.

He seems to __________ these days, I think he’s worried about something.

She was __________ after receiving the rejection letter.

He felt __________ after being betrayed by his colleague.

I’ve been __________ since my best friend moved away.

She was __________ when her favorite TV show ended.

After the loss, he was __________ and didn’t want to talk to anyone.

Don’t __________, focus on what you can do now.

He looked __________ during the funeral.

She has been __________ since her dream job offer was rejected.

He was __________ over losing his favorite watch.

I was __________ when I found out my vacation was canceled.

She felt __________ about the unfair treatment at work.

They were __________ after their pet passed away.

Проверь себя

Down in the dumps — быть в депрессии, подавленным; He was down in the dumps after failing his final exam.

Feeling blue — грустный, в унынии; She has been feeling blue ever since her cat ran away.

In the doldrums — в унынии, без настроения; After the team lost the match, they were in the doldrums.

Heartbroken — с разбитым сердцем; She was completely heartbroken when her boyfriend broke up with her.

Downhearted — удручённый, разочарованный; I felt downhearted after hearing the bad news.

Carry a heavy heart — быть огорчённым, тяжело на душе; He went home carrying a heavy heart after the argument with his friend.

Cry over spilt milk — сожалеть о прошлом; There’s no point in crying over spilt milk about mistakes you made last year.

Have the blues — испытывать грусть, тоску; He seems to have the blues these days.

In low spirits — в подавленном состоянии; She was in low spirits after receiving the rejection letter.

Bitter about — испытывать горечь, обиду; He felt bitter about being betrayed by his colleague.

Anger & Annoyance / Гнев и раздражение

Выражения

Blow your top — выйти из себя, разозлиться; He blew his top when he found out someone scratched his car.

See red — прийти в ярость; She saw red when she realized her report was deleted.

Lose your temper — потерять самообладание; He lost his temper during the argument with his colleague.

Fly off the handle — сорваться, вспылить; Don’t fly off the handle over small mistakes.

Hot under the collar — раздражён, злой; He got hot under the collar when his team lost again.

Drive someone up the wall — довести кого-то до бешенства; The constant noise from the construction drove me up the wall.

At the end of your rope — быть на пределе терпения; She was at the end of her rope after dealing with complaints all day.

Go ballistic — прийти в ярость, сильно разозлиться; He went ballistic when he saw the mess in the kitchen.

Rant and rave — громко выражать гнев, ругаться; He spent the whole evening ranting and raving about the unfair decision.

Get on someone’s nerves — действовать кому-то на нервы; Her constant humming really gets on my nerves.

Практика

Заполните пропуски, используя подходящее выражение:

He __________ when he discovered the mistake in his report.

She __________ after hearing about the canceled flight.

Don’t __________ over minor problems.

He __________ when his brother borrowed his car without asking.

The teacher was __________ because the students were noisy.

The neighbor’s loud music really __________.

She was __________ after dealing with all the complaints all day.

He __________ when he saw someone steal his wallet.

The manager spent an hour __________ about the missed deadlines.

His constant interruptions __________ during the meeting.

I nearly __________ when my computer crashed in the middle of my presentation.

She __________ after hearing the unfair news.

Don’t __________ at your coworkers; stay calm.

He __________ when his team lost the championship.

The dog barking all night __________.

I was __________ after waiting in line for two hours.

He __________ when the waiter spilled coffee on his notes.

She spent the afternoon __________ about the traffic jam.

His loud chewing really __________ at the dinner table.

The boss __________ when the report was late again.

Проверь себя

Blow your top — выйти из себя; He blew his top when he found out someone scratched his car.

See red — прийти в ярость; She saw red when she realized her report was deleted.

Lose your temper — потерять самообладание; He lost his temper during the argument with his colleague.

Fly off the handle — сорваться, вспылить; Don’t fly off the handle over small mistakes.

Hot under the collar — раздражён, злой; He got hot under the collar when his team lost again.

Drive someone up the wall — довести до бешенства; The constant noise from the construction drove me up the wall.

At the end of your rope — быть на пределе терпения; She was at the end of her rope after dealing with complaints all day.

Go ballistic — сильно разозлиться; He went ballistic when he saw the mess in the kitchen.

Rant and rave — громко выражать гнев; He spent the whole evening ranting and raving about the unfair decision.

Get on someone’s nerves — действовать на нервы; Her constant humming really gets on my nerves.

Blow your top — I nearly blew my top when my computer crashed in the middle of my presentation.

See red — She saw red after hearing the unfair news.

Fly off the handle — Don’t fly off the handle at your coworkers; stay calm.

Lose your temper — He lost his temper when his team lost the championship.

Drive someone up the wall — The dog barking all night drove me up the wall.

At the end of your rope — I was at the end of my rope after waiting in line for two hours.

Go ballistic — He went ballistic when the waiter spilled coffee on his notes.

Rant and rave — She spent the afternoon ranting and raving about the traffic jam.

Get on someone’s nerves — His loud chewing really gets on my nerves at the dinner table.

Hot under the collar — The boss got hot under the collar when the report was late again.

Fear & Anxiety / Страх и тревога

Выражения

On edge — быть на взводе, нервничать; She’s been on edge all day waiting for the exam results.

Scared stiff — окаменеть от страха, быть очень испуганным; He was scared stiff when he saw the snake in the garden.

Shaking like a leaf — дрожать от страха; The little boy was shaking like a leaf before his first piano recital.

Have butterflies in your stomach — нервничать, испытывать волнение; I always have butterflies in my stomach before giving a speech.

Lose your nerve — потерять смелость; He lost his nerve and didn’t jump from the diving board.

Break out in a cold sweat — покрыться холодным потом; She broke out in a cold sweat when she realized she forgot her passport.

Chicken out — струсить, передумать в последний момент; He was going to climb the mountain but chickened out.

Panic-stricken — охваченный паникой; The passengers were panic-stricken when the plane hit turbulence.

Scare someone to death — напугать до смерти; The horror movie scared me to death.

Lose sleep over — не спать из-за беспокойства; She lost sleep over the upcoming exam.

Практика

Заполните пропуски, используя подходящее выражение:

She’s been __________ all morning waiting for the interview results.

He was __________ when he saw a spider on his desk.

The child was __________ before performing on stage.

I always __________ before a big presentation.

He __________ and didn’t go skydiving.

She __________ when she realized her phone was missing.

They __________ when they heard the loud explosion.

The tourists were __________ during the sudden storm.

That ghost story really __________ me.

He __________ about his sick grandmother.

I was __________ before my driving test.

She was __________ when the lights went out suddenly.

Don’t __________ just because the task seems difficult.

The student was __________ before entering the exam hall.

The loud bang made me __________.

He __________ over the deadline for the project.

She __________ and didn’t go on the roller coaster.

The crowd was __________ when the fire alarm rang.

The scary movie __________ my little brother.

I often __________ about upcoming presentations.

Проверь себя

On edge — быть на взводе; She’s been on edge all morning waiting for the interview results.

Scared stiff — быть очень испуганным; He was scared stiff when he saw a spider on his desk.

Shaking like a leaf — дрожать от страха; The child was shaking like a leaf before performing on stage.

Have butterflies in your stomach — нервничать; I always have butterflies in my stomach before a big presentation.

Lose your nerve — потерять смелость; He lost his nerve and didn’t go skydiving.

Break out in a cold sweat — покрыться холодным потом; She broke out in a cold sweat when she realized her phone was missing.

Chicken out — струсить; He chickened out and didn’t climb the mountain.

Panic-stricken — охваченный паникой; The tourists were panic-stricken during the sudden storm.

Scare someone to death — напугать до смерти; That ghost story scared me to death.

Lose sleep over — не спать из-за беспокойства; She lost sleep over the upcoming exam.

Have butterflies in your stomach — I was having butterflies in my stomach before my driving test.

Scared stiff — She was scared stiff when the lights went out suddenly.

On edge — Don’t be on edge just because the task seems difficult.

Shaking like a leaf — The student was shaking like a leaf before entering the exam hall.

Break out in a cold sweat — The loud bang made me break out in a cold sweat.

Lose sleep over — He lost sleep over the deadline for the project.

Chicken out — She chickened out and didn’t go on the roller coaster.

Panic-stricken — The crowd was panic-stricken when the fire alarm rang.

Scare someone to death — The scary movie scared my little brother to death.

Lose sleep over — I often lose sleep over upcoming presentations.

Surprise & Shock / Удивление и шок

Выражения

Take aback — быть поражённым, ошеломлённым; I was taken aback when I heard the news about his resignation.

Gobsmacked — сильно удивлённый, потрясённый; She was gobsmacked when she won the lottery.

At a loss for words — потерять дар речи; I was at a loss for words when I saw the surprise party.

Blow someone’s mind — потрясти кого-то, впечатлить сильно; The magician’s trick completely blew my mind.

Left speechless — остаться без слов; He was left speechless after receiving the unexpected gift.

Stunned — ошеломлённый, потрясённый; The audience was stunned by the performer’s incredible skills.

Flabbergasted — крайне удивлённый; She was flabbergasted when her old friend appeared at the wedding.

Take by surprise — застать врасплох; The sudden snowfall took everyone by surprise.

Jaw dropped — от удивления отвисла челюсть; My jaw dropped when I saw the huge cake.

In disbelief — в недоумении, не веря своим глазам; He looked in disbelief at the finished painting.

Практика

Заполните пропуски, используя подходящее выражение:

I was completely __________ when I saw my old school friend at the airport.

She was __________ when she received the unexpected bonus.

I was __________ after hearing the shocking news.

The magician’s trick really __________.