Оборонная промышленная база США и Китая

Примечания

1

«Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition and Sustainment) LaPlante and Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Policy) Baker Hold a Media Roundtable on the Recent Meeting of the National Armaments Directors Under the Auspices of the Ukraine Defense Contract Group», U.S. Department of Defense, September 30, 2022

2

«Pentagon’s Top Buyer Is «Worried’ About Small Suppliers», Defense News, September 7, 2022

3

«Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Mark A. Milley, Press Conference Following the Ukraine Defense Contact Group Meeting», U.S. Department of Defense, October 12, 2022

4

Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, State of Competition within the Defense Industrial Base (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Defense, February 2022)

5

Brendan McGarry W. DOD Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE): Overview and Selected Issues for Congress, CRS Report no. R47178 (Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, July 2022

6

Gordon Lubold, Nancy A. Youssef, and Ben Kesling, «Ukraine War Is Depleting U.S. Ammunition Stockpiles, Sparking Pentagon Concern», Wall Street Journal, August 29, 2022

7

David Ochmanek et al., U.S. Military Capabilities and Forces for a Dangerous World: Rethinking the U.S. Approach to Force Planning (Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 2017)

8

Thomas Schelling, Arms and Influence (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2008)

9

Michael Horowitz, «War By Timeframe: Responding to China’s Pacing Challenge», War on the Rocks, November 19, 2021

10

Mark F. Cancian, Matthew Cancian, and Eric Heginbotham «The First Battle of the Next War: Wargaming a Chinese Invasion of Taiwan». Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2023

11

Warren Strobel P. «War Game Finds U.S., Taiwan Can Defend Against a Chinese Invasion», Wall Street Journal, August 9, 2022

12

Tony Capaccio, «What-If DC War Game Maps Huge Toll of a Future U.S.-China War Over Taiwan», Bloomberg, August 8, 2022

13

Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) / Chief Financial Officer, Program Acquisition Cost By Weapon System (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Defense, April 2022)

14

Mark Gunzinger A. Affordable Mass: The Need for a Cost-Effective PGM Mix for Great Power Conflict, Mitchell Institute for Aerospace Studies, November 2021

15

Seth G. Jones, Jake Harrington, Christopher K. Reid, and Matthew Strohmeyer, «Combined Arms Warfare and Unmanned Aircraft Systems: A New Era of Strategic Competition» (Washington, DC: CSIS, November 2022)

16

Murielle Delaporte, «U.S., France, UK Hammer Out Multinational Corps Warfighting», Breaking Defense, June 3, 2021

17

Evan Ruchotzke, «Warfighter 21—4 Concludes, Strengthens Collaboration with British and French Forces», U.S. Army, April 21, 2021

18

Lieutenant General (ret.) Ben Hodges, «Testimony Before the Defence Committee, UK House of Commons», July 6, 2021

19

David A. Deptula and Mark A. Gunzinger, «Decades of Air Force Underfunding Threaten America’s Ability to Win», Mitchell Institute for Aerospace Studies, September 2022

20

David Ochmanek, «Restoring the Power Projection Capabilities of the U.S. Armed Forces», (Santa Monica, CA: RAND, February 16, 2017)

21

Elbridge A. Colby and David A. Ochmanek, «How the United States Could Lose a Great-Power War», Foreign Policy, October 30, 2019

22

«Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition and Sustainment) LaPlante and Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Policy) Baker Hold a Media Roundtable on the Recent Meeting of the National Armaments Directors Under the Auspices of the Ukraine Defense Contract Group», U.S. Department of Defense

23

U.S. Department of Defense, Securing Defense-Critical Supply Chains (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Defense, February 2022)

24

Interview with Northrup Grumman CEO Kathy Warden in Sylvia Pfeifer and Steff Chávez, «U.S. Defence Industry Boss Calls for Clarity on What Arms Ukraine Needs», Financial Times, July 17, 2022

25

John Ismay and Eric Lipton «Pentagon Will Increase Artillery Production Sixfold for Ukraine», New York Times, January 24, 2023

26

«Subject: Ukraine Replacement Transfer Funds Tranche #6, FY 22—38 IR», U.S. Department of Defense, 2022 «Subject: Ukraine Replacement Transfer Fund Tranche #7, FY 22-39-IR», U.S. Department of Defense, 2022

27

«Volume of Global Casting Production from 2018 to 2020, by Country», Statista, April 26, 2022

28

Mark Cancian et al. Industrial Mobilization: Assessing Surge Capabilities, Wartime Risk, and System Brittleness (Washington, DC: CSIS, January 2021)

29

U.S. Army Combat Readiness Center, U.S. Army Explosives Safety Handbook (Washington, DC: U.S. Army, January 2018)

30

Brian Bender, «The Struggling Arkansas Town That Helped Stop Russia in Its Tracks», Politico, September 9, 2022

31

William LaPlante in David Vergun, «Defense Official Speaks on Supply Chain Investments», DoD News, September 7, 2022

32

Paul K. Kerr, «Arms Sales: Congressional Review Process», CRS Report no. RL31675 (Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, June 10, 2022)

33

Gordon Lubold, Vivian Salama, «Pentagon Aims to Speed Arms Sales to Allies to Better Compete With China», Wall Street Journal, Sept. 2, 2022

34

Vasabjit Banerjee and Benjamin Tkach, «The Coming Chinese Weapons Boom», Foreign Affairs, October 11, 2022

35

Directorate of Defense Trade Controls, «ITAR and Export Controls», U.S. Department of State

36

Loren Thompson, «Beijing’s Blockade Of Taiwan Is The Latest Sign Washington Needs To Streamline Its Defense Trade With Allies», Forbes, August 5, 2022

37

«PGI 215.4—Contract Pricing», U.S. Department of Defense, October 28, 2022

38

Seth Jones G. Empty Bins in a Wartime Environment: The Challenge to the U.S. Defense Industrial Base. Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), January 2023

39

Title XVII, «Munitions Replenishment and Future Procurement» (including Sections 1701—1705)

40

«Budget Execution», U.S. Department of Defense, Undersecretary of Defense (Comptroller)

41

Mike Gallagher, «Gallagher Outlines Vision to Deter CCP Invasion of Taiwan», Congressman Mike Gallagher, October 18, 2022

42

Valerie Insinna «Multi-year procurement for munitions would help stabilize industry: LaPlante», Breaking Defense, September 07, 2022

43

Elaine Dezenski and John C. Austin, «Rebuilding America’s Economy and Foreign Policy with «Ally-Shoring’», Brookings Institution, June 8, 2021

44

Elaine Dezenski and John Austin, «Re-Forge Strategic Alliances and Check China Abroad, Rebuild Economy at Home», Newsweek, July 13, 2020

45

U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Armed Services, Hearing to Consider the Nomination of Honorable William A. LaPlante, Jr. to be Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, March 22, 2022

46

Zolan Kanno-Youngs and Peter Baker, «Biden Pledges to Defend Taiwan if It Faces a Chinese Attack», New York Times, May 23, 2022

47

Arthur Herman «Freedom’s Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II» (New York: Random House, 2012)

48

Phillips Payson O’Brien, «How the War Was Won», New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015

49

Frank Hoffman, «Black Swans and Pink Flamingoes: Five Principles for Force Design», War on the Rocks, August 19, 2015

50

National Security Strategy. White House. Washington. October 12, 2022

51

United States Department of Defense Fiscal Year 2023 Budget Request, March 2022

52

S.2296 – National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/2296/text

53

Industrial Capabilities Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2020. Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment (OUSD (A&S)), January 2021

54

До 2018 года эта обязанность была возложена на Заместителя министра обороны по закупкам, технологиям и логистике (Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics, USD (AT&L)), должность которого, в соответствии с Законом об ассигнованиях на национальную оборону на 2017 финансовый год (National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017) с 1 февраля 2018 года была разделена на две отдельные: Заместителя министра обороны по исследованиям и разработкам (Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering, USD (R&E)) и Заместителя министра обороны по закупкам и материально-техническому обеспечению (Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, USD (A&S))

55

Stephen J. Rose, Manufacturing Employment: Fact and Fiction. Urban Institute, April 2018

56

Third Offset, букв. «третий противовес». Концепция компенсационной стратегии «offset strategy», суть которой в том, что преимущества потенциального противника должны ассиметрично компенсироваться своими сильными сторонами. Предыдущие два «противовеса» во времена холодной войны компенсировали преимущество СССР в обычных вооружениях за счет американского ядерного оружия (первый оффсет) и технологий малозаметности и высокоточного оружия (второй оффсет)

57

Public Remarks, Deputy Secretary of Defense Robert Work at the Royal United Services Institute, Whitehall, London, September 2015, https://www.defense.gov/Newsroom/Speeches/Speech/Article/617128/royal-unitedservices-institute-rusi/

58

Annual Industrial Capabilities. Report to Congress, Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics, Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manufacturing and Industrial Base Policy, March 2017

59

Annual Industrial Capabilities. Report to Congress, Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics, Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manufacturing and Industrial Base Policy, March 2017

60

Там же

61

Там же

62

Executive Order 13806 «Assessing and Strengthening the Manufacturing and Defense Industrial Base and Supply Chain Resiliency of the United States» of July 21, 2017

63

Industrial Capabilities Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2020. Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment (OUSD (A&S)), January 2021

64

Список «25 Mid-Tier Defense Suppliers» включает в себя 25 американских и иностранных поставщиков министерства обороны США, которые торгуются на бирже: L3Harris Technologies). Inc, Leidos Holdings Inc, Airbus SE, Thales SA, Huntington Ingalls Industries Inc, Leonardo SpA, Rolls-Royce Holdings PLC, Qinetiq Group PLC, General Electric Co, Elbit Systems Ltd, Ball Corp, Science Applications International Corp, ViaSat Inc, Textron Inc, Moog Inc, Curtiss-Wright Corp, Oshkosh Corp, Aerojet Rocketdyne Holdings Inc, TransDigm Group Inc, Singapore Technologies Engineering Ltd, Serco Group PLC, Rheinmetall AG, Melrose Industries PLC, Saab AB, Safran SA

65

Assessing and Strengthening the Manufacturing and Defense Industrial Base and Supply Chain Resiliency of the United States. Report to President Donald J. Trump by the Interagency Task Force in Fulfillment of Executive Order 13806, September 2018

66

Defense Industrial Base: DOD Should Take Actions to Strengthen Its Risk Mitigation Approach, GAO-22-104154, Publicly Released: Jul 07, 2022

67

Vital Signs: The Health and Readiness of the Defense Industrial Base, National Defense Industrial Association, February 2, 2022 https://www.ndia.org/-/media/vital-signs/2022/vital-signs_2022_final.ashx

68

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69

Промежуточные товары и услуги – товары и услуги, используемые не для конечного потребления, а для дальнейшего производства товаров и услуг

70

Department of Defense Selected Acquisition Reports (SARs) – President’s Budget 2023, Immediate Release U.S. Department of Defense, Sept. 23, 2022

71

Nunn—McCurdy Amendment – правовой механизм правительства США, предназначенный для сокращения дополнительных затрат на программы закупки вооружения. В соответствии с этим механизмом о любом превышении расходов более чем на 15% должен быть проинформирован Конгресс, а программа должна быть прекращена, если общие дополнительные расходы по ней превышают 25% от первоначально запланированного уровня

72

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75

Vital Signs: The Health and Readiness of the Defense Industrial Base, National Defense Industrial Association, February 5, 2021

76

Промежуточные товары и услуги – товары и услуги, используемые не для конечного потребления, а для дальнейшего производства товаров и услуг

77

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81

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82

2022 Final List of Critical Minerals, U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/media/files/2022%20Final%20List%20of%20Critical%20Minerals%20Federal%20Register%20Notice_2222022-F.pdf

83

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84

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97

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100

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108

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109

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110

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