Writings in Connection with the Donatist Controversy

"Perdiderunt," which Migne thinks may be a confusion for "perierunt."

739

Novissimus.

740

1 Cor. xv. 9.

741

2 Cor. xi. 26.

742

Portenta.

743

Down to this point Augustine had already answered Petilianus in the First Book, as he says himself below, III. 1. 61.

744

Matt. x. 23.

745

Matt. x. 16, 28.

746

1 Pet. iii. 15.

747

Matt. v. 39.

748

1 Kings xviii.

749

Wisd. xii. 23.

750

Acts ix. 4, 5.

751

Ps. cv. 15.

752

Vivacem Christum.

753

Rom. xiii. 2, 4.

754

1 John iii. 15.

755

Acts ix. 4-18.

756

John xiii. 10, 11.

757

John xv. 3, 4.

758

John xiv. 27.

759

1 Tim. i. 7.

760

Mark x. 35-39.

761

Matt. v. 10.

762

Optatus Gildonianus is the person to whom he refers.

763

Gildo, from subservience to whom Optatus received the name Gildonianus, was "Comes Africæ." The play on the meanings of "Comes," in the expression "quod Comitem haberet Deum," is incapable of direct translation. Cp. xxxvii. 88; ciii. 237.

764

Ps. l. 18.

765

Gal. vi. 5.

766

Rom. xiv. 14.

767

1 Cor. vi. 10.

768

Matt. xxv. 34, 41.

769

John xiii. 10.

770

Matt. xxviii. 19.

771

Matt. xiii. 24-30, 36-43.

772

Matt. iii. 12.

773

Wisd. i. 5.

774

Eph. iv. 5.

775

Optatus.

776

Gildo.

777

See above, on xxiii. 53.

778

Ps. cxxxii. 9.

779

John xi. 51.

780

Tit. i. 12, 13.

781

Acts xvii. 23, 27, 28.

782

Rom. xiii. 1.

783

John xix. 11.

784

John iii. 27.

785

Matt. iii. 11.

786

John xx. 22.

787

Acts ii. 2-4.

788

Isa. lxvi. 24.

789

Matt. v. 14.

790

2 Sam. xii. 12.

791

Ps. xix. 3-6, from the LXX.

792

Eph. iv. 5.

793

Matt. iii. 11.

794

John xx. 22.

795

Acts i. 5.

796

Matt. xxviii. 19, 20.

797

Matt. v. 9.

798

See above, xxiii. 53.

799

Acts i. 15, ii. 4, x. 44.

800

Optatus Gildonianus.

801

Gen. xxii. 18.

802

Gal. vi. 5.

803

Acts xix. 1-7.

804

1 Cor. x. 1, 2.

805

Matt. xiii. 17.

806

Matt. xi. 9, 11.

807

Mark i. 2; cp. Mal. iii. 1.

808

Mark i. 7.

809

Matt. xxvi. 17.

810

In his treatise on the Sermon on the Mount, Book II. iv. 12, Augustine again compares the "celebratio octavarum dierum, quas in regeneratione novi hominis celebramus" with the circumcision on the eighth day; and in Serm. 376 he says that the heads of the rebaptized were uncovered on the eighth day, as a token of liberty. Cp. Epist. II. xvii. 32, and Bingham, Orig. Sacr. XII. iv. 3.

811

Augustine apparently supposed that the sacrifice of the paschal lamb was still observed among the Jews of the dispersion; cp. Retract. I. x. 2. It was, however, forbidden them to sacrifice the Passover except in the place which the Lord should choose to place His name there; and hence the Jews, though they observe the other paschal solemnities, abstain from the sacrifice of the lamb.

812

Matt. xxi. 25.

813

Gildo; see above, xxiii. 53.

814

See Isa. xlvi. 8.

815

Luke xv. 32.

816

Acts i. 7, 8.

817

Dan. ii. 35.

818

1 John ii. 19.

819

Apparently from Wisd. iii. 6.

820

Prov. ii. 22.

821

Matt. xiii. 24-30.

822

Gen. xxii. 18.

823

Ps. lxxiii. 26.

824

Ps. xvi. 5.

825

John xi. 51.

826

Prov. ii. 22.

827

Ps. ii. 8.

828

Ps. xxii. 27.

829

2 Cor. vi. 14, 15.

830

1 Cor. i. 12, 13.

831

Ps. cxix. 42.

832

Acts i. 8.

833

Ps. xix. 4.

834

Ps. cxix. 122.

835

Matt. xxi. 43.

836

See Ps. cv. 44.

837

Gal. iii. 27.

838

Gal. vi. 4.

839

Ps. xxiii.

840

Ps. cxliv. 9.

841

Ps. xcvi. 1.

842

1 Cor. xi. 29.

843

1 Cor. iv. 3.

844

Job ii. 3, 4.

845

Matt. v. 5-7.

846

Ps. i. 1.

847

Matt. xxiii. 2, 3.

848

Isa. lxvi. 3.

849

Hos. ix. 4.

850

Tit. i. 15.

851

In the Council of Bagai.

852

Ps. xiv. 3, from the LXX.

853

Matt. vii. 21.

854

Matt. vi. 10.

855

2 Tim. ii. 24, 25.

856

Matt. vii. 22, 23.

857

1 Cor. xiii. 2.

858

Luke x. 20.

859

Acts i. 8.

860

Matt. vii. 22.

861

1 Tim. i. 8.

862

Ps. lxxii. 8.

863

Acts xxii. 25.

864

Ex. xx. 13-17.

865

Matt. xxi. 43.

866

Matt. v. 19, 20.

867

Matt. xxiii. 2, 3.

868

1 Cor. vi. 18.

869

Matt. xii. 31, 32.

870

Acts. i. 8.

871

The older editions have, "Quam multum et quantum luctum dederint Deo (Erasmus alone ideo) laudes amatorum vestrorum: " "How much and how great grief have the praises of your lovers caused to God?" Migne restored the reading translated above ("Quam multis … Deo laudes armatorum vestrorum"), Deo laudes being the cry of the Circumcelliones. Cp. Aug. in Ps. cxxxii. 6: "A quibus plus timetur Deo laudes quam fremitus leonis;" and ib.: "Deo laudes vestrum plorant homines."

872

Gen. xxii. 18.

873

Ps. cxli. 5, from the LXX.

874

Matt. v. 3-9.

875

Luke xxiv. 36, 45-47.

876

Matt. xxii. 39.

877

Eph. v. 29.

878

Gal. v. 17.

879

2 Tim. iv. 2.

880

Eph. iv. 1-3.

881

See Jer. viii. 11.

882

Ps. xlvi. 9.

883

Dan. ii. 35.

884

Eph. ii. 14.

885

Matt. v. 10.

886

Matt. xxiii. 13, 15, 23, 24, 27, 28.

887

Matt. x. 16.

888

John x. 27.

889

Luke xxiv. 39, 46, 47.

890

Matt. vii. 15, 16.

891

1 Cor. xi. 19.

892

John xiii. 34, 35.

893

2 Cor. xi. 26.

894

1 Cor. xi. 1.

895

Phil. ii. 20, 21.

896

2 Cor. vii. 5.

897

1 Cor. xiii. 1-8.

898

Eph. iv. 2, 3.

899

Matt. xiii. 38, 39, 30.

900

Gal. i. 8.

901

Ps. ci. 5.

902

Luke ix. 49, 50.

903

Phil. i. 15-18.

904

1 Cor. xiii. 6.

905

See below, xciv. 217, and c. Gaudentium, I. xxv. 28 sqq.

906

Rom. xiii. 4.

907

Augustine speaks of the Moor Rogatus, bishop of Cartenna in Mauritania Cæsariensis, in his ninety-third epistle, to Vincentius, c. iii. 11. We learn from the eighty-seventh epistle, to Emeritus, sec. 10, that the followers of Rogatus called the other Donatists Firmiani, because they had been subjected to much cruelty at their hands under the authority of Firmus.

908

Optatus of Thaumugade, the friend of Gildo.

909

Augustine mentions again in his thirty-fifth epistle, to Eusebius, sec. 3, that Hippo had received the Roman citizenship. His argument is that, even if not a native of the place, the deacon should have been safe from molestation wherever Roman laws prevailed.

910

Emphyteuticam. The land, therefore, was held under the emperors, and less absolutely in the power of the owner than if it had been freehold.

911

Augustine remonstrates with Crispinus on the point, Epist. lxvi.

912

John vi. 44.

913

See Ecclus. xv. 16, 17.

914

Matt. v. 10; 1 Pet. ii. 20.

915

Acts v. 29.

916

Prov. xiv. 28.

917

Luke xxiv. 46, 47.

918

Acts i. 8.

919

Ex. xxxii. 28, 31.

920

Mal. i. 11.

921

Ps. cxiii. 3.

922

Ps. l. 14.

923

1 John iii. 15.

924

Matt. iv. 6, 7.

925

John xviii. 10, 11; Matt. xxvi. 52.

926

Ps. cxx. 6, 7.

927

See Contr. Cresc. l. III. c. lxvii., l. IV. cc. lx. lxi.

928

John xii. 24.

929

Veracissime. Another reading is "feracissime," "most abundantly."

930

Matt. v. 39.

931

2 Cor. xi. 20, 23.

932

Deut. xix. 21.

933

2 Mac. vii.

934

Dan. iii.

935

Matt. ii. 16.

936

Dan. vi.

937

Matt. xxvii. 26.

938

1 Cor. ii. 6-8.

939

John xvi. 2.

940

1 Kings xxi.

941

Matt. xiv. 8, 9.

942

Matt. xxvii. 24-26.

943

Ps. ii.

944

Matt. xxvii. 24.

945

Some editions have Varius in the place of Geta, referring to Aurelius Antoninus Heliogabalus, of whom Lampridius asserts that he derived the name of Varius from the doubtfulness of his parentage. The MSS. agree, however, in the reading "Getano," which was a name of the second son of Severus, the brother of Caracalla.

946

Optatus defends the cause of Macarius at great length in his third book against Parmenianus. Of Ursacius he says in the same place: "You are offended at the times of a certain Leontius, of Ursacius, Macarius, and others." And Augustine, in his third book against Cresconius, c. xx., introduces an objection of the Donatists against himself: "But so soon as Silvanus, bishop of Cirta, had refused to communicate with Ursacius and Zenophilus the persecutors, he was driven into exile," Usuardus, deceived by a false story made up by the Donatists, enters in his Martyrology that a pseudo-martyr Donatus suffered on the 1st of March, under Ursacius and Marcellinus, to this effect: "On the same day of the holy martyr Donatus, who suffered under Ursacius the judge and the tribune Marcellinus."

947

1 Kings xxi.

948

Prov. xviii. 21.

949

Constitutio quam impetraverunt. Some editions have "quam dederunt Constantio;" but there is no place for Constantius in this history of the Donatists, nor was any boon either sought or obtained from him in their name. The Louvain editors therefore restored "constitutio," which is the common reading of the MSS.

950

Matt. vii. 3.

951

Gen. xx.

952

Gen. xxvi. 11.

953

Gen. xlvii.

954

Gen. xxxix., xli.

955

Gen. xlii. 15.

956

Ex. ii. 10.

957

1 Sam. xxvii.

958

1 Kings xviii. 44-46.

959

2 Kings iv. 13.

960

Dan. iii. – vi.

961

John xvi. 2.

962

Phil. iii. 5, 6.

963

Acts xxiii. 12-33.

964

The reign of Constantine lasted about thirty-two years, from 306 to 337 A.D. Julian died, after an independent reign, subsequent to the death of Constantius, of only one year and seven months, at the age of thirty, in a war against the Persians, in 363 A.D.

965

Gen. ix. 5.

966

Ps. ii. 10-12.

967

Ps. ii. 7, 8.

968

Isa. ii. 18; Zech. xiii. 2.

969

Simulacri; and so the MSS. The older editions have "adorandi simulacra;" but the singular is more forcible in its special reference to the image on the plain of Dura. Dan. iii.

970

Dan. ii. – vi.

971

This is illustrated by the words of Augustine, Epist. 105, ad Donatistas, sec. 7: "Do ye not know that the words of the king were, 'I thought it good to show the signs and wonders that the high God hath wrought toward me. How great are His signs! and how mighty are His wonders! His kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, and His dominion from generation to generation' (Dan. iv. 2, 3)? Do you not, when you hear this, answer Amen, and by saying this in a loud voice, place your seal on the king's decree by a holy and solemn act?" In the Gothic liturgy this declaration was made on Easter Eve (when the third chapter of Daniel is still read in the Roman Church), and the people answered "Amen."

972

Nam nemo vivit invitus; et tamen puer ut hoc volens discat, invitus vapulat. Perhaps a better reading is, "Nam nemo vult invitus; et tamen puer ut volens discat," etc., leaving out "hoc," which is wanting in the Fleury MSS.: "No one wishes against his will; and yet a boy, wishing to learn, is beaten against his will."

973

Gal. vi. 5.

974

Luke xxiv. 47.

975

Ps. cxviii. 8, 9.

976

Acts xxiii. 12-33.

977

Acts i. 8.

978

Matt. xvi. 26.

979

1 Pet. ii. 20.

980

Matt. v. 3.

981

2 Cor. vi. 10.

982

Matt. xvi. 25.

983

Matt. xix. 29.

984

1 Cor. xiii. 3.

985

Acts i. 8.

986

See above, c. lxxxiii.

987

Matt. x. 28.

988

Ps. lvii. 4.

989

Job xiv., according to the LXX.

990

Ps. li. 7.

991

Ps. cxviii. 8, 9.

992

Jer. xvii. 5.

993

Matt. xxiii. 25.

994

Jer. xv. 15-18, according to the LXX.

995

2 Cor. vii. 5.

996

2 Cor. xi. 29.

997

Rev. xvii. 15.

998

Acts viii. 13.

999

Col. i. 23.

1000

Ps. xciii. 1.

1001

Gildo.

1002

Ps. cxli. 5, from the LXX.

1003

Prov. xxvii. 6, from the LXX.

1004

Ps. cxxxiii.

1005

Compare Tract. 15 in Joannem, n. 27: "Messiah was anointed. The Greek for 'anointed' is 'Christ,' the Hebrew, Messiah; whence also in Phœnician we have 'Messe' for 'anoint.' For these languages, the Hebrew, Phœnician, and Syrian, are closely cognate, as well as geographically bordering on each other." See also Max Müller's Lectures on the Science of Language, series I. p. 267: "The ancient language of Phœnicia, to judge from inscriptions, was most closely allied to Hebrew."

1006

Col. i. 18.

1007

Matt. xix. 21.

1008

Acts iv. 32-35.

1009

Luke xxiv. 47.

1010

Gal. v. 19-21.

1011

Apparently misquoted from 1 Sam. ii. 25.

1012

Col. iv. 2-4.

1013

1 John i. 8.

1014

Dan. vi. 16.

1015

Ezek. xiv. 14.

1016

Dan. ix. 20.

1017

Lev. xvi.; Heb. ix. 7.

1018

Acts xiv. 22.

1019

1 John ii. 1, 2.

1020

1 Tim. iv. 14.

1021

1 Tim. v. 22.

1022

See Rom. i. 32.

1023

Gal. v. 19-21.

1024

Matt. xvi. 18.

1025

Matt. vii. 26.

1026

Ps. lxi. 2, 3.

1027

That the Donatists were called at Rome Montenses, is observed by Augustine, de Hœresibus, c. xxix., and Epist. liii. 2; and before him by Optatus, Book II. That they were also called Cutzupitani, or Cutzupitæ, we learn from the same epistle, and from his treatise de Unitate Ecclesæ, c. iii.

1028

Lucilla.

1029

Possidius, in the third chapter of his Indiculus, designates this third book as "One book against the second letter of the same."

1030

Ps. lii. 3.

1031

Ps. lxxxiv. 10.

1032

Nihil enim mihi conscius sum.

1033

1 Cor. iv. 1-6.

1034

1 Cor. iii. 21, 23.

1035

Jas. i. 17.

1036

1 Cor. iv. 7.

1037

1 Cor. iv. 16.

1038

Matt. xxiii. 3.

1039

Jer. xvii. 5.

1040

Matt. iii. 12.

1041

2 Tim. ii. 20.

1042

Matt. xiii. 47, 48.

1043

Matt. xxv. 32, 33.

1044

Matt. xiii. 24-40.

1045

1 Cor. i. 12, 13.

1046

2 Tim. ii. 19.

1047

Ps. xxvii. 14.

1048

1 Thess. v. 14, 15.

1049

2 Cor. xi. 2, 3.

1050

1 Cor. viii. 11.

1051

1 Cor. iii. 7.

1052

1 John iv. 16.

1053

Gal. vi. 4, 5.

1054

Rom. xiv. 12, 13.

1055

Gal. vi. 2, 3.

1056

Eph. iv. 2, 3.

1057

Matt. xii. 30.

1058

Gal. i. 8.

1059

Matt. v. 12.

1060

Cant. i. 3.

1061

Ps. lvii. 11.

1062

1 Cor. i. 30, 31.

1063

Matt. v. 10-12.

1064

Matt. x. 25.

1065

Ps. xxvi. 1.

1066

Ps. lvi. 11.

1067

Ps. xi. 1.

1068

1 Pet. iii. 21.

1069

Matt. xxiii. 2, 3.

1070

Some editors have "unitate," but Amerbach and the MSS., "veritate;" and this is supported by sec. 28 below: "De ecclesiæ vel baptismi veritate;" and sec. 22 of the treatise de Unico Baptismo: "Ambulantibus in ecclesiæ veritate."

1071

Ubi vobis faventibus loquatur, et victus verum simulans statum, talia vel etiam sceleratiora dicat in me. Mihi sat est ad rem, etc. Morel (Elem. Crit. pp. 326-328) suggests as an improvement, "Ubi vobis faventibus loquatur et victus. Verum si millies tantum talia vel etiam sceleratiora dicat in me, mihi sat est," etc., – "on which he may speak amidst applause from you, even when beaten. But if he were to make a thousand times as many statements concerning me," etc.

1072

Eph. vi. 12.

1073

Eph. v. 8.

1074

2 Cor. vi. 7, 8.

1075

Luke vi. 35.

1076

Luke xxiii. 34.

1077

See above, Book I. c. i. sec. 2.

1078

Acts xxiv. 1.

1079

Paracleti.

1080

"Favente," which is wanting in the mss., was inserted in the margin by Erasmus, as being needed to complete the sense.

1081

Megalius, bishop of Calama, primate of Numidia, was the bishop who ordained Augustine, as we find in c. viii. of his life by Possidius. Augustine makes further reply to the same calumny, which was gathered from a letter of Megalius, in Contra Cresconium, Book III. c. lxxx. sec. 92, and Book IV. c. lxiv. secs. 78, 79.