Memoirs of the Duchesse de Dino (Afterwards Duchesse de Talleyrand et de Sagan), 1836-1840

DENIS BARBIER. One of the servants of Pouch Lafarge. He forged some notes of hand for his master, when the latter, who was an incompetent man of business, came to Paris, and he remained his agent.

DENMARK, King Frederick III. of (1768-1839). He succeeded his father in 1815 and married the daughter of the landgrave of Hesse Cassel.

DENMARK, Prince Christian of (1786-1848). This Prince married as his first wife a Princess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, from whom he was divorced. His second wife was Princess Caroline of Schleswig-Holstein Augustenburg. By his first marriage he had a son, Frederick, who succeeded him as Frederick VII.

DENMARK, Princess Christian of (1796-1881). The second wife of Prince Christian, née Princess of Schleswig-Holstein Augustenburg.

DESJARDINS, the Abbé (1756-1833). Ordained in 1775, he was Vicar-General of Bayeux, went into exile in England and afterwards in America during the revolution and did not return to France till 1802. He became superintendent of foreign missions at Paris, when the Emperor Napoleon arrested him on suspicion, imprisoned him at Vincennes and then exiled him to Verceil. When he returned to France at the Restoration, he refused the Bishopric of Blois in 1823 and that of Châlons in 1824, but was appointed Vicar-General at Paris.

DIEFFENBACH, Johann Friedrich (1794-1847). Famous Prussian oculist who discovered the operation for curing squint. He died suddenly in the operating room of the Charity Hospital at Berlin, of which he was director from 1840.

DIESKAU, Mlle. Sidonie de. Died at a very advanced age. She lived at Gera in Saxony, near Altenburg, and was a near neighbour of the castle of Löbichau.

DINO, the Duc de (1813-1894). Known first under the name of Comte Alexandre de Périgord,* he assumed this title in 1838 when his father became Duc de Talleyrand.

DOHNA, Countess Marie (1805-1893). Née Fräulein von Steinach, she married in 1829 Count Dohna who for long years was landrat at Sagan and held the estate of Kunzendorf in that neighbourhood.

DOLOMIEU, the Marquise de* (1779-1849). Lady of Honour to Queen Marie Amélie.

DON CARLOS OF BOURBON* (1788-1855). Second son of Charles IV. and brother of Ferdinand VII., kings of Spain. After his brother's death in 1833, he stirred up civil war in an attempt to seize the throne.

DON FRANCISCO* (1794-1865). The Infanta of Spain. Married the Infanta Carlotta.

DOSNE, M. First clerk in a banking house at Paris, he became a stockbroker in 1816. After the July revolution he resigned and became Receiver-General for Finistère, and four years later Receiver-General for the North. He became Governor of the Bank of France and one of the chief shareholders in the mines of Anzin, and largely increased his fortune.

DOSNE, Mme. Wife of the stockbroker and mother of Mme. Thiers.

DOSNE, Mlle. Félicie. Sister of Mme. Thiers. A very religious woman, she devoted her whole life to her sister and brother-in-law and published in memory of M. Thiers in 1903, some of his posthumous papers, under the title of "The Occupation and Liberation of the Territory" (1871-1875). She died soon afterwards at a very advanced age.

DOUDAN, Ximénès (1800-1872). At first tutor in the house of the Duc de Broglie, he became chief of the political Cabinet of the Duc, who held him in great esteem, and afterwards retained his services as private secretary.

DUBOIS, M. Deputy of the Loire Inférieure and member of the Royal Council of Education and director of the normal school.

DUCHÂTEL, Charles, Comte* (1803-1867). French politician.

DUFAURE, Jules Armand Stanislas (1798-1881). Lawyer and French statesman. Appointed deputy in 1834, he joined the Liberal Constitutional party; was Councillor of State in 1836 and Minister of Public Works in 1839. He supported the Republic in 1848 and became Minister of the Interior, but held aloof from politics under the Second Empire. In 1871 he became Minister of Justice. He afterwards obtained a seat in the Senate and secured the passing of the law of Guarantees.

DUPANLOUP, Félix Philibert (1802-1878). A most distinguished priest, his early reputation was due to his famous catechisms. After 1835 he became Vicar-General of the diocese of Paris and Superior of the little seminary of Saint Nicholas. He then took an active part in the discussions concerning the freedom of education. In 1849 he was appointed Bishop of Orléans, was a member of the Academy in 1854 and became famous for his defence of the Papal Chair at the time of the Italian expedition. In 1869 he was present at the Council of Rome and returned to Orleans, remaining with his flock during the war. After the conclusion of peace he was appointed a member of the assembly by his grateful people.

DUPIN, André Marie* (1783-1865). French lawyer and magistrate.

DUPREZ, Gilbert Louis (1806-1879). Famous French singer attached to the Paris Opera for ten years. He had an incomparable tenor voice.

DÜRER, Albert (1471-1528). Famous German painter and engraver with a rich sense of colour and a clever and realistic touch. He excelled in portraiture and the art of engraving was largely improved by him.

DURHAM, Lord Lambton, Earl of* (1792-1840). English statesman.

DUVERGIER DE HAURANNE, Prosper (1798-1887). A French politician. One of the leaders of the dynastic opposition under the July monarchy and one of the organisers of the banquets in 1848. He was a member of the anti-Napoleonic minority, and was imprisoned and exiled after the coup d'état of December 2, 1851, but was able to return to France in 1862. He then abandoned active politics and wrote a history of parliamentary government in France, which secured his admission to the Academy in 1870, in place of the Duc de Broglie.

E

EDOUARD. The famous lady's hairdresser at Paris under Louis-Philippe.

ELIZABETH OF PRUSSIA, Queen (1801-1873). Daughter of King Maximilian of Bavaria, she married in 1823 the Crown Prince of Prussia, who ascended the throne in 1840 as Frederick William IV. Queen Elizabeth became a widow in 1861 and afterwards lived in retirement.

ELLICE, Mr. Edward* (1787-1863). English politician, son-in-law of Lord Grey.

ELSSLER, Theresa (1806-1878). Famous German dancer. Made Baroness of Barnim by King Frederick William IV. in 1850 on the occasion of her marriage with Prince Adalbert of Prussia.

ELSSLER, Fanny (1810-1886). Sister of the foregoing and, like her, a famous dancer. She appeared in every theatre in Europe and America, and retired in 1845 to her fine estate near Hamburg. She had acquired a large fortune.

EMMANUEL PHILIBERT, known as Ironhead (1528-1580). Duke of Savoy. This prince entered the service of his uncle the Emperor Charles Quint. He distinguished himself at the siege of Metz in 1552, received command of the imperial army in 1553, and gained the battle of Saint Quentin in 1557 for Philippe II. He recovered his duchy of which Francis I. had deprived his father, in 1559 by the treaty of Cateau Cambrésis, and married Margaret of France, sister of Henry II. His statue, the work of the sculptor Marochetti, stands in the centre of the square of San Carlo at Turin.

ENTRAIGUES, Amédée Goveau d'.* Born in 1785. Prefect of Tours. He married a Princess Santa Croce, ward of the Prince de Talleyrand.

ENTRAIGUES, Jules d'.* Born in 1787. Brother of the prefect, and owner of the château of la Moustière, near Valençay.

EON DE BEAUMONT, Charles (1728-1810). Famous for the doubt concerning his sex, as he appeared sometimes as the knight and sometimes as the lady of Eon. He won distinction early in the diplomatic career, and was for fourteen years the secret agent of Louis XV. The revolution deprived him of his pension and reduced him to giving fencing-lessons; and only through the help of some friends did he escape poverty.

ESPARTERO, Joachim Baldomero (1792-1879). Enlisted in 1808, and had a brilliant military career. He joined in the expedition to Peru in 1825, and came back with a handsome fortune. On the death of Ferdinand VII., he supported the Queen Regent, Maria Christina. His success against the Carlists secured his nomination in 1836 as commander-in-chief of the army of the North and as Viceroy of Navarre. In 1840, when the Queen-Regent had abdicated, the Cortes transferred the regency to Espartero, but he was defeated in 1842, and retired to England till 1847. In 1854 and 1868, he recovered his power for a short space of time. In 1870, the Cortes offered him the crown, which he refused in view of his great age and the want of an heir.

ESTERHAZY, Prince Paul* (1786-1866). Austrian Diplomatist.

EXELMANS, Isidore, Comte* (1775-1852). One of the most brilliant generals of the Empire, who was made a peer of France and a marshal under the July monarchy.

F

FAGEL, General Robert* (1772-1856). Dutch diplomatist.

FALK, Anton Reinhard* (1776-1843). Dutch diplomatist.

FÉNELON, François de Salignac de la Mothe- (1651-1715). Archbishop of Cambrai and tutor to the Duc de Bourgogne. He adopted the doctrines of the Quietists, and was vigorously opposed by Bossuet. He was as great a writer as he was a preacher.

FERDINAND VII.* (1784-1833). Eldest son of King Charles IV. of Spain and his successor. He was dethroned by Napoleon I. in favour of his brother Joseph, but reascended the throne in 1814.

FERRUS, Guillaume Marie André (1784-1861). A French doctor. He introduced some valuable reforms into the asylum at Bicêtre, of which he was chief doctor. In 1830 he was appointed consulting doctor to the King, and soon became a member of the Academy of Medicine and a commander of the Legion of Honour.

FESCH, Cardinal Joseph (1763-1839). Brother of Mme. Laetitia Bonaparte, he was appointed Archbishop of Lyons in 1802 by his nephew Napoleon I. He was French Ambassador at Rome, then chief almoner and senator. He returned to Rome at the Restoration and died there.

FIESCHI, Joseph* (1790-1835). The would-be assassin of King Louis-Philippe, July 28, 1835.

FIQUELMONT, the Comte Charles Louis de (1777-1857). Born in Lorraine, he entered the Austrian army in 1793, and shared in the campaigns from 1805 to 1809. In 1815 he was sent as minister to Stockholm, and in 1820 in the same capacity to Florence. He was appointed Ambassador at St. Petersburg, where he lived for several years, and did not return to Austria until 1840. He then became Minister of State, and for a short time Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1848. His only daughter had married Prince Edmond Clary.

FITZ-JAMES, Jacques, Duc de (1799-1846). He married, in 1825, Mlle. de Marmier.

FLAHAUT, the General, Comte de* (1785-1870). Peer of France under Louis-Philippe, senator and Ambassador under Napoleon III.

FLAHAUT, the Comtesse de,* died in 1867. Daughter of the English admiral, Lord Keith.

FLAHAUT, Clémentine de (1819-1835). Daughter of the Comte and Comtesse de Flahaut.

FONTANES, Louis de (1757-1821). A poet and graceful orator and a great favourite of Napoleon I. A member of the legislative body in 1804, he became president in 1805. In 1808 the Emperor appointed him High Master of the University; in 1810 he was called to the Senate and afterwards supported the Restoration.

FOULD, Bénédict (1791-1858). Son of a Jewish banker who had founded the important firm of Fould, Oppenheim & Co. He was deputy from 1834 to 1842 and Knight of the Legion of Honour from 1843.

FOULQUES III., Nerra or the Black (987-1039). Count of Anjou. He made war upon Conan, first Duke of Brittany, whom he defeated and killed, and upon Eudes II., Count of Blois, by whom he was defeated. Foulques made three pilgrimages to the Holy Land in expiation of his violent life. His niece Constance married King Robert.

FOY, Comte Fernand (1815-1871). Son of General Foy; he was appointed Peer of France by King Louis Philippe, and though constantly loyal to the constitutional monarchy, he showed a strong leaning to liberalism. He was devoted to charitable works from an early age.

FRANÇOIS I.* (1494-1547). King of France and adversary of Charles V.

FREDERICK II., known as the Great* (1712-1786). King of Prussia and founder of the Prussian military power.

FREDERICK VII. (1808-1863). King of Denmark. He was the only son of Prince Christian of Denmark and of his first wife, Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Twice divorced, he was exiled for some years to Jutland and did not ascend the throne until 1848.

FREDERICK WILLIAM, known as the Great Elector of Brandenburg (1620-1688). He ascended the throne in 1640 and organised the Prussian Army.

FREDERICK WILLIAM III. (1770-1840). King of Prussia. He succeeded his father Frederick William II. in 1797. He had married a Princess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, known as Queen Louise. She died in 1810 and in 1824 he contracted a morganatic marriage with the Countess Augusta of Harrach, to whom he gave the title of Princess of Liegnitz.

FREDERICK WILLIAM IV. (1795-1861). King of Prussia. He ascended the throne in 1840 on the death of his father. He had married in 1823 Princess Elizabeth of Bavaria by whom he had no children.

FRIAS, Duke of* (1783-1851). Spanish ambassador, statesman and man of letters.

FRONSAC, Duc de. Died in 1791. Son of Marshal Richelieu whom he only survived three years.

G

GAGE, Sir William Hall (1777-1865). An English Admiral who took an active part in the operations against Napoleon I. He was appointed Lord of the Admiralty in 1841. In 1860 he received the Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath.

GARIBALDI, Mgr. Antoine (1797-1853). Archbishop of Myra in 1844; Nuncio at Paris in 1850 in succession to Cardinal Tonari, he was himself succeeded by Mgr. Sacconi.

GARNIER-PAGÈS (1801-1841). At first a lawyer, he shared in the Revolution of 1830 and became one of the leaders of the Republican party. He was then prosecuted several times after the insurrection of 1832 and acquired great popularity.

GENLIS, Mme. de (1746-1830). Félicité Ducrest de Saint Aubin married the Comte de Genlis at the age of fifteen. Her aunt, Mme. de Montesson, introduced her to the household of the Duc d'Orléans who soon selected her as the governess of his children. Mme. de Genlis became an exile in 1792, returned to France after the 18th of Brumaire and became the correspondent of Napoleon I., whom she provided with information about the customs and etiquette of the old Court. She lived in retirement after 1814. She was the author of a large number of works, of which her books on education are the most remarkable.

GÉRARD, François Pascal Simon (1770-1837). Famous French painter who studied under David at the same time as Drouais, Girodet and Gros. He devoted himself to portrait painting in which he showed remarkable talent. He was made Baron by Louis XVIII.

GÉRARD, Etienne Maurice, Comte* (1773-1852). Marshal of France.

GERSDORFF, Baron Ernest Christian Augustus of (1781-1852). He took part in the Congress of Vienna as the representative of Saxony. He was Minister at London and at the Hague, and resigned in 1848. He had married a Countess of Freudenstein.

GERSDORFF, Baron Adolphus of (1800-1855). Officer in the Prussian Army. He resigned and married Fräulein Marianne von Schindel. In 1827 he became land agent of Princess Pauline of Hohenzollern and of her sister the Duchess of Acerenza.

GIRARDIN, the Comte Emile de (1806-1881). A son of General Alexandre de Girardin and husband of Delphine Gay. He was a famous publicist and the founder of halfpenny newspapers. He was a deputy from 1877 to 1881. When his wife died in 1855 he married the widow of Prince Frederick of Nassau, from whom he was judicially separated in 1872.

GIRAUD, Augustin (1796-1875). A landowner at Angers where he was mayor under Louis-Philippe. As a member of the Legislative Assembly of 1849, he belonged to the Left. He was a Knight of the Legion of Honour.

GIROLET, the Abbé* (1765-1836). A Benedictine of the congregation of Saint-Maur and an intimate friend of the Talleyrand family.

GIVRÉ, Baron de (1794-1854). He entered the diplomatic career at an early age and was attached to the Embassies of London and Rome; when the Polignac ministry came to power he resigned and became a contributor to the Journal des Débats. In 1837 he was appointed deputy and voted with the Orléanist majority.

GLOUCESTER, Duchess of* (1776-1857). Fourth daughter of King George III. of England.

GÖCKING, Herr Leopold von (1748-1828). Prussian poet and State Councillor who elaborated several projects for customs reform.

GOETHE, Wolfgang (1749-1832). The most famous German poet, author of Faust, Werther, &c. He was a Councillor and then a Minister of State under the Grand Duke Charles Augustus of Weimar.

GONTAUT-BIRON, Duchesse de* (1773-1858). Governess of the Children of France whom she followed into exile in 1830.

GONTAUT-BIRON, Vicomte Elie de (1817-1890). Elected as a Deputy to the National Assembly in 1871, he was Ambassador of the Republic at Berlin. He restored the relations that had been broken by the war and remained for six years in this difficult post.

GOUIN, Alexandre Henri (1792-1872). Studied at the Polytechnic School, became a deputy in 1831, and was asked to take the portfolio of Agriculture and Commerce in 1840 under the Thiers Ministry.

GOURGAUD, General (1783-1852). He entered the service in 1801, distinguished himself at Austerlitz where he was wounded, at Jena, at Friedland, at Essling, and above all at Wagram. He took a glorious part in the Russian and French campaigns; he accompanied the Emperor to St. Helena, but misunderstandings with one of his companions in exile forced him to separate from them. In 1818 he published a book called "The Campaign of 1815," and in consequence his name was struck off the army list of Louis XVIII., but he returned to the service under Louis-Philippe, who appointed him general of division and chose him as his aide-de-camp. In 1840 he accompanied the Prince de Joinville to St. Helena, brought back with him the ashes of Napoleon and was then raised to the Peerage.

GRAMONT, Madame de. Aunt of the Duc de Gramont of the branch of Aster, a member of the fraternity of the Sacré Cœur, and Mother Superior of the Paris house.

GRANVILLE, Lord* (1775-1846). English diplomatist. For a long time Ambassador at Paris.

GRANVILLE, Lady.* Died in 1862. She was a daughter of the Duke of Devonshire.

GRANVILLE, Lady Charlotte Georgina. Died in 1855. Second daughter of Lord Granville. She married Alexander George Fullerton in 1833. Throughout her life she was very intimate with the Marquise de Castellane. Her novels brought her some literary fame.

GREGORY VII., Hildebrand (1015-1085). Elected Pope in 1073, he was one of the greatest Roman pontiffs, and has been ever famous for his struggles with the Emperor of Germany.

GREY, Lord* (1764-1845). English statesman.

GREY, Lady* (1775-1861). Née Ponsonby.

GRISI, Giulia* (1812-1869). An Italian singer of great talent and beauty.

GRIVEL, the Abbé Louis Jean Joseph (1800-1866). From 1825 he was a preacher at Paris. In 1829 he was commissioned by the court to deliver the panegyric upon Saint Louis before the French Academy. He became almoner to the Chamber of Peers in 1834, and was appointed Canon of Saint Denis three years later.

GROS, Antoine Jean (1771-1835). Famous historical painter. His father was a miniature painter and his first master. He then entered the studio of David. Forced to enter the army he acquired a special talent for battle pictures in the course of the military operations. From Charles X. he afterwards received the title of baron.

GUERNON-RANVILLE, Comte de (1787-1866). French magistrate and statesman. In 1820 he was President of the Civil Court of Bayeux, where he was distinguished for his zeal and capacity. In 1829 the Prince de Polignac requested him to take the portfolio of education and public worship in his ministry. In the Council of Ministers he declared against the ordinances of July 1830, but signed them none the less. When tried with his colleagues by the Chamber of Peers, he was condemned to disfranchisement and perpetual confinement. The amnesty of 1836 restored him to liberty.

GUICHE, the Duc de (1819-1880). Known later under the name of the Duc de Gramont. He was a diplomatist and French Ambassador at Turin, Rome, and Vienna, and was Minister of Foreign Affairs when war with Prussia was declared in 1870. In 1848 he had married an English woman, daughter of a Member of Parliament.

WILLIAM I. (1772-1843). King of the Low Countries. Son of the Stathouder William V. of Nassau. Under his reign Belgium was separated from his throne after the revolution of 1830, and became an independent state. He had married Princess Frederica of Prussia, after her death he contracted a morganatic marriage with a Belgian, the Comtesse d'Oultremont. He abdicated in 1840.

GUIZOT, François Pierre Guillaume* (1787-1874). French statesman and historian.

H

HAINGUERLOT, M. Died in 1842. He had married Mlle. Stéphanie Oudinot, daughter of Marshal Oudinot, Duc de Reggio.

HAMILTON, John Church (1792-1882). Son of Major-General Hamilton, a friend of M. de Talleyrand. For a long time he was the aide-de-camp of Major-General Hamilton, who afterwards became President of the United States. Hamilton then became a lawyer and devoted his life to the perpetuation of his father's memory, whose life he wrote and whose works he published.

HAMILTON, Duchess of (1817-1887). Maria Amelia, last daughter of the Grand Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Baden and of the Grand Duchess, née Stéphanie de Beauharnais.

HANOVER, the King of (1771-1851). Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland; ascended the throne of Hanover in 1837, after the death of his brother King William IV. of England.

HANOVER, Prince George of (1819-1878). Afterwards George V. King of Hanover.

HARCOURT, Lady Elizabeth (1793-1838).

HARRISON, Miss. Governess of the three Princesses of Courlande, who afterwards became the Countess of Lazareff, the Countess of Hohenthal and Madame de Boyen. She lived until her death with Countess Lazareff at Dyrnfurth.

HAUSSONVILLE, Comte Joseph Bernard d' (1809-1884). French politician and writer. He was a deputy under the July monarchy, and a member of the National Assembly in 1871. He was a member of the French Academy.

HÉLIAUD, Comte de (1768-1858). He lived a somewhat solitary life in Touraine and died in the same year as his son who was an official at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

HÉLIE. Footman to the Prince de Talleyrand for many years.

HENEAGE, Mr. English diplomatist, attached to the Paris Embassy in 1840.

HENNENBERG, Herr. Died in 1836. Councillor of Justice in the Courts of Berlin.

HESSE, Prince George of (1793-1881). This Prince was in the Prussian service.

HESSE-DARMSTADT, Grand Duke Louis II. of* (1777-1848). He had married a Princess of Baden.

HESSE-DARMSTADT, Princess Elizabeth of (1815-1885). Daughter of Prince William of Prussia and brother of King Frederick William III. and elder sister of Queen Maria of Bavaria.

HESSE-DARMSTADT, Princess Maria of (1824-1880). Daughter of Louis II., Grand Duke of Hesse. In 1841 she married the Hereditary Grand Duke of Russia, who succeeded his father, the Emperor Nicholas I., in 1855.

HOHENLOHE-ÖRINGEN, Prince Frederick of. Born in 1812. A major of cavalry in the service of Würtemberg.

HOHENTHAL, Count Alfred of. Born in 1806. Chamberlain to the King of Saxony. He married Princess Louise of Biron Courlande.

HOHENTHAL, Countess Louise of (1808-1845). Née Princess of Biron Courlande.

HOHENZOLLERN-HECHINGEN, Prince Frederick of (1776-1838). In 1800 he married Princess Pauline of Courlande, sister of the Duchesse de Talleyrand.

HOHENZOLLERN-HECHINGEN, Princess of (1782-1845). Pauline, Princess of Courlande, daughter of Peter, Duke of Courlande.

HOHENZOLLERN-HECHINGEN, Prince Constantine of (1800-1859). Son of Prince Frederick of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and of the Princess of Courlande. By a convention signed in 1849 Prince Constantine abdicated the government of the principality of Hohenzollern, in favour of the King of Prussia, and in 1850 received the title of Royal Highness. He first married the Princess of Leuchtenberg, by whom he had no children, and then contracted a morganatic marriage with the daughter of the Baron of Schenk, by whom he had two children, who bore the name of Rothenburg.

HOLLAND, Lord* (1772-1840). English statesman. Nephew of the famous Fox.