A Gothic Grammar

-leikan, wv. (193), to please, in ga-l. [< -leiks. OE. lîcian, ME. like, NE. like (obs.), to please. The signification of the simpl v. seems due to the compound (s. galeikan).]

leikeins, adj. (124), bodily, fleshly; II. Cor. I, 12. III, 3. [< leik + suff. -eina-.]

-leikjan, wv. (188), in silda-l. [< -leiks.]

-leikôn, wv. (190), in in-ga-l. [< (ga-)leiks; s. galeikô.]

-leiks; s. galeikô.

leitils, adj. (124; 138), litl, short; Mt. VI, 30. Mk. I, 19. [Cf. OE. lŷtel, lîtel, ME. litel (infl. litl-), NE. litl.]

-leiþan, stv. (172, n. 1), to go, in af-, bi-, ga-, us-l. [OE. lîðan, ME. liðe, to go, > the OE. caus. læ̂dan, ME. lede, NE. lead.]

leiþu, n. (? 106; n. 1), a strong drink. [OE. lîð, m. (o-stem), potion, wine, OHG. lîd, MHG. lît, lîd-, n. m., a wine-like drink.]

lêkeis (leikeis, 7, n. 2), m. (92), fysician; Mk. II, 17. V, 26. [OE. læ̂ce, m., ME. lêche, NE. leech, fysician (now obs.), a blud-sucking wurm.]

lêtan (leitan, 7, n. 2), rv. (181), w. acc., to let, suffer, permit, allow, leav; Mk. V, 19. – Cpds. af-, fra-l. [OE. læ̂tan, ME. lete, NE. let, to permit (let, to hinder, = Goth. latjan < lats, slothful, lazy).]

lêw, n. (94, n. 1), opportunity, occasion; II. Cor. V, 12. [Cf. OE. læ̂wa, m., betrayer; s. lêwjan.]

lêwjan, wv. (188), to betray. – Cpd. ga-l. [< lêw. OE. læ̂wan, ME. be-lewe, to betray.]

libains, f. (103, n. 1), life; II. Cor. II, 16. IV, 11. 12. V, 4; world; Mk. IV, 19. [< liban + suff. -ai-ni-.]

liban, wv. (193), to liv; Mk. V, 23. II. Cor. I, 8. III, 3. IV, 11. V, 15 (the first); w. dat. of advantage; II. Cor. V, 15 (the second); w. miþ w. dat.; Lu. II, 36. [OE. libban, lifian, ME. libbe, livie, live, NE. liv.]

-lifnan, wv. (194), to remain, in af-l. [Cf. -leiban, pp. libans.]

ligan, stv. (176, n. 1), to lie, w. ana w. dat.; Mk. II, 4. II. Cor. III, 15; du w. dat.; Lu. II, 34; in w. dat.; Mk. I, 30. Lu. II, 16; þarei; Mk. V, 40. [OE. licgan, ME. ligge, lie, NE. lie.]

ligrs, m. (91), couch, bed; Mk. IV, 21. [< ligan + suff. -ra-. OE. leger, m., couch, ME. leir, NE. lair.]

-linnan, stv. (174, n. 1), to cease, in af-l. [OE. linnan, ME. linne, NE. lin (obs.; cpd. blin = *be-lin, OE. blinnan, ME. blinne), to cease.]

lisan, stv. (176, n. 1), to gather, collect, w. in w. acc.; Mt. VI, 26. – Cpd. ga-l. [OE. lesan, ME. lese, NE. lease, to glean, = G. lesen, to gather, read.]

lists (30), f. (? 103, n. 2), wile, craftiness. [< lis- (seen in lis-ans, pp. of lais) + suff. -ti-. OE. ME. list, skil, cunning, OHG. MHG. list, m. (f.), wisdom, craftiness, NHG. list, f., craft, cunning.]

liþus, m. (105), lim, member; Mt. V, 29. 30. [< √ of leiþan. OE. lioðu- (only in cpds.), m., lið, n. (o-stem), ME. lith, NE. (Scot.) lith, lim.]

liudan, stv. (173, n. 1), to grow, grow up; Mk. IV, 27. [OE. lêodan, to grow. Its √ appears also in OE. lêod, m. f., pl. lêode, ME. leode, lede, OHG. liut, m. n., pl. liuti, MHG. liute, NHG. leute, peple, men, servants.]

liufs (gen. liubis; 31; 56, n. 1), adj. (124, n. 2), beluvd, dear; Mk. I, 11. [OE. lêof, ME. lêf, NE. lief (poet.), OHG. liob, MHG. liep, lieb-, NHG. lieb, beluvd, dear.]

liugan (31), stv. (173, n. 1), to lie. [OE. lêogan, ME. lyᵹe, liᵹe, NE. lie.]

liugan, wv. (192, n. 1; 193), to marry, w. acc.; Mt. V, 32. [< liuga, f., marriage.]

liugn (31), n. (94), lie. [< liugan + suff. -na-.]

liugnja (31), m. (108), liar. [< liugn + suff. -jan-.]

liuhadei, f. (113 and n. 2), light, illumination; II. Cor. IV, 4 (-eins, partit. g., in A; -ein in B; s. note). 6. [< liuhaþ.]

liuhadeins, adj. (124), ful of light, shining, bright; Mt. VI, 22. [< liuhaþ + suff. -eina-.]

liuhaþ, gen. liuhadis, n. (94), light; Mt. VI, 23. Lu. II, 32. II. Cor. IV, 6. [< √ liuh + suff. -ada-.]

liuhtjan, wv. (188), to giv light, to light, shine; II. Cor. IV, 4. 6. [< *liuhts (< √ of liuhaþ + suff. -to-), adj. (= OE. lêoht, ME. licht, NE. light). OE. lŷhtan, ME. lihte, NE. light.]

-liusan, stv. (173, n. 1), in fra-l. [OE. (for-)lêosan, ME. (for-)lêse, NE. leese (obs.), to lose, pp. (for-)lorn.]

liuta, m. (108), dissembler, hypocrit; Mt. VI, 2. 5. 16. [Prop. weak form of the adj. liuts < √ of OE. lûtan, ME. lute, loute, NE. lout (obs.), to bend, bow, stoop. Cf. also OE. lyteg (w. suff. – eg), ME. luti, shrewd, cunning.]

lôfa, m. (108), the palm of the hand. [ON. lófi, Scot. loof, the palm of the hand.]

lubains (31), f. (103, n. 1), hope. [< *luban, to hope, (+ suff. -ai-ni-), < √ of liufs.]

lubja-leisei (30), f. (113), wichcraft. [< lubjaleis, adj., skild, < lubja- (= OE. lyb, f.?, poison; cf. also cêse-lib, ME. cheselep, NE. cheeselep. The orig. meaning of lubja- was probably 'a strong essence, vegetabl juice') + -leis < √ of lais.]

-lubô (31), f. (111), in brôþru-(-a-?)lubô, brotherly luv. [< √ of liufs. OE. lufe (later lufu, a-declension), f., ME. lufe, luve, love, NE. luv.]

ludja, f. (97), face, countenance; Mt. VI, 17. [< √ of liudan + suff. -jô-.]

luftus, m. (105), air. [OE. lyft (i-stem), m. f. n., ME. luft, lift, NE. lift (Scot.), air.]

-lûkan (15), stv. (173, n. 2), to lock, in ga-, us-l. [OE. lûcan, ME. louke, luke, to lock. Its √ occurs w. abl. in -luks, m., an opening; cf. OE. loc, n., loca, m., ME. loke (> the vb. lokke, NE. lock), inclozure, lock, NE. lock.]

lukarn, n. (94), light, candl; Mt. VI, 22. Mk. IV, 21. [< Lt. lucerna, f., lamp, candl.]

lukarna-staþa, m. (108), candl-stick; Mk. IV, 21. [< stem of lukarn + -staþa < staþs, sted, place, < √ of standan + suff. -þi-.]

lûns (15, n. 1), f. (102), or lun, n. (94, n. 2), ransom.

-lusnan, wv. (194), in fra-l. [< pp. stem of liusan.]

lustôn, wv. (190), to desire, lust after, w. gen.; Mt. V, 28. [< lustus. OHG. lustôn, MHG. lusten, to desire, NHG. lüsten, MHG. lusten, lüsten, (OHG. lustjan, lusten, = OE. lystan, ME. liste, NE. list, to please, < lust, f., OE. lyst, f., desire).]

lustus, m. (105), lust, desire; Mk. IV, 19. [OE. lust (a-stem), m., ME. lust, NE. lust.]

Magan, prt. – prs. (201), to be abl, be abl to do, w. inf.; Mt. V, 36. VI, 24. 27. Mk. I, 40. 45. II, 4. 7. 19. III, 20. 23-27. IV, 32. 33. V, 4. II. Cor. I, 4. III, 7. [OE. *magan, prs. mæᵹ; prt. meahte (Goth. mahta), mihte, ME. prs. mai, may, prt. miht, NE. prs. may, prt. might.]

magaþei, f. (113), virginity; Lu. II, 36. [< magaþs.]

magaþs, f. (103), maid, virgin. [< stem mag-a- (s. magus, stem mag-u-) + suff. -þi-. OE. mægð, f., virgin, OHG. magad, virgin, MHG. maget, virgin, maid, female servant, NHG. magd, f., female servant.]

magula, m. (108), litl boy, lad; Skeir. VII, a. [< magus + dim. suff. -lan-.]

magus, m. (105), boy, child, servant; Lu. II, 43. 48. [< √ of magan. OE. magu (-o), m., sun, servant.]

mahta, prt. of magan.

mahteigs, adj. (124), mighty, strong. [< mahts + suff. -eiga-. OE. meahtig, mihtig, ME. mihty, NE. mighty.]

mahts (66, n. 1), f. (103), might, strength, power, virtue; Mt. VI, 13. Mk. V, 30. II. Cor. I, 8. IV, 7. Skeir. VII, a. c. [< √ of magan + suff. -ti-. OE. meaht, miht, ME. miht, NE. might.]

maidjan, wv. (188), to corrupt, deform, falsify; II. Cor. II, 17. [< -maiþs (in ga-maiþs; cp. ME. mad, NE. mad). OE. mæ̂dan, to deform, confuse, ME. mæde (madde), to confuse, derange, NE. mad (Shak.), to make mad.]

maíhstus, m. (105), dung, dung-hil. [< √ of OE. mîgan, ME. miᵹe, to urin. OHG. MHG. NHG. mist (for *mihst), m., manure.]

mais, adv. (212), more, rather; II. Cor. II, 7. V, 8; w. dat., more than; Mt. VI, 25; w. another compar.; Mt. VI, 26. Mk. V, 26. filu m., much more; Skeir. VII, d; und filu m., much more, so much the more; II. Cor. III, 9. 11; ƕaiwa m., how much more; Mt. VI, 30; ƕaiwa nei m., not much more; II. Cor. III, 8. [< ma- + adv. compar. suff. -is. OE. mâ, ME. ma, mo, NE. mo(e) (obs.), more.]

maist, adv. (212, n. 3), most. S. maiza.

maitan, rv. (179), to cut, cut off, cut down. – Cpds. af-, bi-m. [OHG. meiȥan, MHG. meiȥen, to cut, hew. Cf. also G. meissel (w. l-suff.), m., chisel.]

maiþms, m. (91, n), gift. [< verbal stem maiþ- + suff. -ma-. OE. mâðum, ME. maðem, gift, trezure.]

maiza, compar. adj. (138), more, greater; filaus maizô, much more; Skeir. VII, b; superl. maists (138), greatest. [< stem ma- + suff. -iza. OE. mâra, superl. mâst, ME. mare, more, superl. most, NE. more, superl. most.]

Makaídonja (or i for aí, 11, n. 1), pr. n., Macedonia; dat. Makaídonjai (in B; i for aí in A); II. Cor. I, 16; acc. -a; II. Cor. I, 16. II, 13 (in A; i for aí in B). [< Μακεδονία.]

malan, stv. (177, n. 1), to grind in a mil. [OHG. malan, MHG. maln, NHG. mahlen, to grind.]

malô, f. (112), moth; Mt. VI, 19. 20. [Lit. 'grinding insect', < √ of malan.]

mammôna, m. (108), mammon, riches; Mt. VI, 24. [< μαμμωνᾶ(ς) < the Hebrew.]

managduþs, f. (103), abundance [< manags + suff. -du-þi-.]

managei, f. (111; 113), crowd, multitude, the peple; Mk. II, 4. III, 9. IV, 36. V, 27. 30. An adj., ptc., or prn., referring to m., uzually agrees w. it in gender and number; Mk. V, 31. Lu. II, 10. 31. 32. The v. either agrees w. m.; Mk. III, 20. Lu. II, 13. Skeir. VII, c; or m. stands in the sg. and the v. in the pl.; Mk. III, 32; so all, or filu, m., Mk. II, 13. III, 7. 8. IV, 1. V, 21. 24. [< manags. OE. menigu (orig. – î), f., ME. manye, NE. many (sb.; as, a great 'many').]

managnan, wv. (194), to increase, abound; II. Cor. IV, 15. [< manags.]

manags, adj. (124), often uzed as sb., much, many; Mk. I, 34. II, 2. 15. III, 10. IV, 2. 5. V, 9. 26. Lu. II, 34. 35. 36. II. Cor. I, 11. II, 4. III, 12. Skeir. VII, a. b; swa m., so many; Skeir. VII, b; swa m. swê, as many as; Mk. III, 11; swa m. swaswê, as many as; Mk. III, 28; swaleikai m. swaswê, many such as; Mk. IV, 33; ƕaiwa m., how many; II. Cor. I, 20. – compar. managiza (136), more, greater; Mt. V, 20. II. Cor. II, 6. 7. IV, 15; w. dat. (as abl.); Mt. V, 37; ƕê m., what (i. e. in what degree or manner) more; Mt. V, 47. [OE. manig, mǫnig, ME. mani, NE. many. Cp. managei.]

mana-maúrþrja (88a, n. 3), m. (108), man-slayer, murderer. [-maúrþrja < maúrþr + suff. -jan-.]

mana-sêþs (88a, n. 3; gen. -sêdais), f. (103), 'man-seed', peple, multitude; world; II. Cor. V, 19. [sêþs < √ of saian + suff. -þi- (-di-). OE. sæ̂d, m. n., ME. sêd, NE. seed.]

man-leika (88a, n. 3), m. (108), image. [Prop. weak adj. uzed as sb.; -leika < -leiks. OE. manlîca, m., ME. manliche, effigy, image.]

manna, m. (117), man; Mt, V, 19. VI, 1. 2. 5. 14. 15. 16. 18. Mk. I, 17. 23. II, 10. 27. 28. III, 1. 3. 5. 28. IV, 26. V, 2. 8. Lu. II, 14. 15. 25. 52. II. Cor. III, 2. IV, 2. 16. V, 11. Skeir. VII, b; ni m. or m. ni, no man, nobody; Mt. VI, 24. Mk. II, 21. 22. III, 27. V, 3. 4. 43. [< stem mann-. OE. mǫnna, manna, and mǫn(n), man(n), ME. man, NE. man.]

manna-hun, indef. prn. (163), always in neg. sentences: ni m., no one; Mk. I, 44.

manwjan, wv. (188), to prepare, make redy, w. acc.; Mk. I, 3. 19. Lu. II, 31. Cpd. ga-m. [< manwus.]

manwuba, adv. (210), in rediness. [< manwus + adv. suff. -ba.]

manwus, adj. (131), redy.

marei, f. (113), sea; Mk. IV, 41; du marein, to the sea; Mk. III, 7; faúr, or faúra, marein, near the sea; Mk. I, 16. II, 13. V, 21; hindar marein, on the other side of the sea; Mk. V, 1. 21; in marein (dat.), in the sea; Mk. IV, 1 (the second), acc., to, or into the sea; Mk. I, 16. IV, 1 (the first). [OE. mere, m. (orig. n.), ME. mere, sea, lake, NE. mere, a pool or small lake, OHG. mari, meri, m. n., MHG. mere, NHG. meer, n., sea.]

Maria (Marja), pr. n., Mary; Lu. II, 19. dat. Mariin; Lu. II, 5. 34; acc. Marian; Lu. II, 16. [< Μαρία.]

marikreitus, m. (119), perl. [Coind < μαργαρίτης, perl. So, also, OE. meregreot < the Lt. margarita > ME. margarite, NE. margarite (obs.), perl.]

marka, f. (97), border, boundary, coast; Mk. V, 17. [OE. mearc, f., ME. merk, mark, NE. mark, border, boundary.]

Markus, pr. n., Mark; acc. -u; Mk. superscr. [< Μάρκος.]

martyr (39), m., martyr. [< μάρτυρ, witness.]

marzjan, wv. (188), to offend, w. acc.; Mt. V, 29. 30. – Cpd. ga-m. [OE. – merran, – myrran, in â-m., to provoke, offend, ME. merre, marre, NE. mar.]

matjan, wv. (188), to eat; (1) abs.; Mk. V, 43 (matjan as obj.). Skeir. VII, c. (2) w. acc.; Mt. VI, 25. 31. Mk. I, 6. II, 26. III, 20; miþ w. dat.; Mk. II, 16. [< mats.]

mats, m. (101), meat, food. S. also nahta-m. [OE. mete, m., ME. mete, NE. meat.]

Matþaius, pr. n., Matthew; acc. -u; Mk. III, 18.

maþl, n. (94, n. 2), assembly, market, market-place. [OE. mæðel, n., council, meeting.]

maudjan, wv. (188), to remind. – Cpd. ga-m.

maúrgins, m. (91, n. 1; 214), morn, morning. [OE. morgen, mergen, ME. morᵹen, morn (> morning, w. suff. – ing, NE. morning), morwe, NE. morn, morrow.]

maúrnan, wv. (194), to be anxious or trubld; Mt. VI, 27. 31; w. dat.; Mt. VI, 25. [OE. murnan, ME. murne, mourne, NE. mourn.]

maúrþr, n. (94), murder. [< √ maúr + suff. -þra-. OE. morðor (murðor), n., ME. morther, morder, NE. murder, murther (obs.).]

maúrþrjan, wv. (188), to murder, kil; Mt. V, 21. [< maúrþr. OE. myrðrian, ME. murd(e)re, NE. murder.]

mawi (42), f. (94), maid, maiden, damsel; Mk. V, 42. [< magw- = magu-, stem of magus.]

mawilô, f. (112), yung maiden, damsel; Mk. V, 41. [< mawi + suff. -lôn-. OE. mêowle (< *mewilô), yung maiden, maid.]

mêgs, m. (91, n. 1), sun-in-law. [OE. mæg, m., mæ̂i, mai, OHG. mâg, MHG. mâc (g-), NHG. mage, m., kinsman.]

meina, pers. prn. in gen.; s. ik. [OE. mîn, dat. mĕ; acc. mec, mĕ (prop. dat.); ME. gen. wanting; dat. acc. me; NE. dat. acc. me.]

meins, poss. prn. (151), (alone or) w. a following or preceding sb., w. or without the art.; Mk. I, 2. III, 33. 34. 35. V, 23. Lu. II, 30. 49. [< meina. OE. ME. mîn, mî, NE. mine, my.]

mêl, n. (94), (orig. point or mezure of time or space), time (hour, season, in pl., writings, scriptures); Mk. I, 15. [OE. mæ̂l, n., time, mezure, (food taken at one time; hense) meal, ME. mêl, NE. meal.]

mêla, m. (108), mezure, bushel; Mk. IV, 21.

mêljan, wv. (187), to write, w. acc.; in pass. the nom. (implied); Lu. II, 3; and dat. of pers. (indir. obj.); II. Cor. I, 13. – Cpds. ana-, ga-m. [< mêl, pl. mêla, writings. OE. mæ̂lan, to mark, OHG. malôn, – ên, (of different conjugations), to mark, paint, MHG. mâlen, to paint, write, NHG. malen, to paint.]

mêna, m. (108), moon. [OE. mǫ̂na, m., ME. mone, NE. moon. Cf. mênôþs and Brgm., II, § 123, p. 393.]

mênôþs, m. (117), month. [OE. mǫ̂nað, ME. moneð, m., ME. month.]

mêriþa, f. (97), fame, report; Mk. I, 28. [< -mêrs. OE. mæ̂rðu, mæ̂rð, f., fame, glory.]

mêrjan, wv. (188; mêrjands, m.; 115), to make known, proclaim, noiz abroad, preach, (1) abs.; Mk. I, 7. 38. 39. III, 14. V, 20; w. in w. dat.; Mk. I, 39. (2) w. acc.; Mk. I, 4. 14. 45. II. Cor. IV, 5. (3) w. an obj. clause and in w. dat.; Mk. V, 20. – Cpds. waíla-, waja-m. [< -mêrs. OE. mæ̂ran, OHG. mâren, MHG. mæ̂ren, to make known, praise.]

*mêrs, adj. (130, n. 2), known, famous, in waíla-m., praisewurthy, of good report. [OE. mæ̂re, ME. mere, famous, OHG. mâri, famous, > mârî, f., mâri, n., rumor, fame, MHG. mæ̂re, n. f., tale, NHG. märe, f., news, tidings, report, > märchen (w. dimin. suff. – chen), n., tale, story, fable.]

mês (8), n. (94), table. [Cf. OE. mêse (gen. – an), f., table, perhaps < Lt. mensa (mêse < *mense), f., table.]

midjis, adj. (122, n. 1; 125), midl; Lu. II, 46. [OE. ME. mid(d), adj., midl, NE. mid- (as in midday, midnight, etc.).]

midjun-gards, m. (101), erth, world; Lu. II, 1. [Prop. 'midl-world', between heven and hel. midjun- < stem of midjis. OE. middaneard for middangeard, m., ME. middaneard, world.]

*miduma, f. (97; 139, n. 1), midst; Mk. III, 3. [Prop. superl. adj. uzed as sb., < mid- (cp. midjis) + superl. suff. -u-ma-n-. OE. meoduma.]

midumônds, m. (115), mediator. [Prop. prsp. of *midumôn < miduma.]

mik; s. ik, meina.

mikilduþs, f. (103), greatness. [< mikil- (< mikils) + suff. -duþi-.]

mikilei, f. (113), greatness. [< mikils.]

mikiljan, wv. (185), to magnify, glorify, praise, w. acc.; Mk. II, 12. Lu. II, 20. [< mikils.]

mikilnan, wv. (194), to becum great. [< mikils.]

mikils, adj. (138), great, much; Mt. V, 19. 35. Mk. IV, 32. 37. 39. 41. V, 42. Lu. II, 9. 10. Skeir. VII, a. b; strong, loud; Mk. I, 26. V, 7. [OE. micel, mycel, ME. mikel, mychel, muchel, NE. mickle (Sc.).]

mildiþa, f. (97), mildness, kindness. [< -milds (in friaþwa-, un-m.), adj., mild, kind, + suff. -i-þô-.]