Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon, or, Trade Language of Oregon

Seahpult olillie, the raspberry.

~Shame~, or ~Shem~, n. English, idem. Shame. Halo shem mika? arn't you ashamed of yourself?

~Shán-tie~, v. French, CHANTER. To sing.

~She-lok'-um~, n. Chinook, TSHAILAKUMIT. (Anderson.) A looking-glass; glass.

~Ship~, n. English, idem. A ship or vessel. Stick ship, a sailing vessel; piah ship, a steamer; ship-man, a sailor.

~Shoes~, n. English, idem. Shoes; skin shoes; moccasins. Stick shoes, boots or shoes made of leather.

~Shot~, n. English, idem. Shot; lead. Shot olillie, huckleberries.

~Shu'-gah~, or ~Shu'-kwa~, n. English. Sugar.

~Shugh~, n. Chinook, SHUKHSHUKH. A rattle. An imitation doubtless of the sound. (Anderson.) Shugh-opoots, a rattlesnake.

~Shut~, n. English, SHIRT. A shirt.

~Shwáh-kuk~, n. Chihalis, SHWAKÉUK. A frog.

~Si-áh~, adj. Nootka, SAIÁ. Far; far off. Comparative distance is expressed by intonation or repetition; as, siah-siah, very far; wake siah, near, not far. Jewitt gives SIEYAH as the sky in Nootka, which was perhaps the true meaning, or, more probably, they called the sky "the afar."

~Si-am~, n. Chinook, ISHAIEM. The grizzly bear.

~Sick~, adj. English, idem. Sick. Cole sick, the ague; sick tum-tum, grieved; sorry; jealous; unhappy.

~Sikhs~, or ~Shikhs~, n. Chinook, SKASIKS; Sahaptin, SHIKSTUA.

(Pandosy.) A friend. Used only towards men.

~Sin'-a-moxt~, adj. Chinook, SINIMAKST. Seven.

~Si'-pah~, adj. Wasco. (Shaw.) Straight, like a ramrod. Of only local use.

~Sis'-ki-you~, n. Cree. (Anderson.) A bob-tailed horse.

This name, ludicrously enough, has been bestowed on the range of mountains separating Oregon and California, and also on a county in the latter State. The origin of this designation, as related to me by Mr. Anderson, was as follows. Mr. Archibald R. McLeod, a chief factor of the Hudson's Bay Company, in the year 1828, while crossing the mountains with a pack train, was over-taken by a snow storm, in which he lost most of his animals, including a noted bob-tailed race-horse. His Canadian followers, in compliment to their chief, or "bourgeois," named the place the Pass of the Siskiyou,—an appellation subsequently adopted as the veritable Indian name of the locality, and which thence extended to the whole range, and the adjoining district.

~Sit'-kum~, n., adj. Chinook, SITKUM (Anderson); Clatsop, ASITKO. A half; apart. Sitkuni dolla, half a dollar; sitkum sun, noon; tenas sitkum, a quarter, or a small part.

~Sit'-lay~, or ~Sit'-li-ay~, n. French, LES ETRIERS. (Anderson.) Stirrups.

~Sit'-shum~, v. Chihalis, idem. To swim.

~Si'-wash~, n., adj. French, SAUVAGE. An Indian; Indian.

~Skin~, n. English, idem. Skin. Skin shoes, moccasins; stick skin, the bark of a tree.

~Skoo'-kum~, or ~Skoo-koom'~, n., adj. Chihalis, SKUKUM. A ghost; an evil spirit or demon; strong. Skookum tumtum, brave; skookum chuck, a rapid.

~Skwak'-wal~, n. Chinook, SKAKULH (Anderson); Clatsop, SKAKOLI. A lamprey eel. Of local use only.

~Skwis'-kwis~, n. Chinook, Cathlamet dialect. A squirrel.

~Sla-hal'~, n. Chinook, ETLALTLAL. A game played with ten small disks, one of which is marked.

~Smet'-ocks~, n. Chihalis, SMETTAKS. The large clam (Lutraria). Used only at the mouth of the Columbia river.

~Smoke~, n. English, idem. Smoke; clouds; fog; steam.

~Snass~, n. Quære u. d. Rain. Cole snass, snow. The word is neither

Chinook nor Chihalis, and is perhaps manufactured.

~Snow~, n. English, idem. Snow.

~Soap~, n. English, idem. Soap.

~So-le'-mie~, n. Chinook, SULAMICH (Anderson); Clatsop, SHÖLBE. The cranberry.

~Sol'-leks~, or ~Sah'-leks~, n., adj. Quære u. d. Anger; angry. Mamook solleks, to fight; tikegh solleks, to be hostile; kumtuks solleks, to be passionate.

~So'-pe-na~, v. Chinook, T'SOPENA. To jump; to leap.

~Spo'-oh~, or ~Spo'-eh~, adj. Chinook, idem. Faded; any light color, as pale blue, drab, &c. Chahko spoeh, to fade.

~Spoon~, n. English, idem. A spoon.

~Spose~, conj. English, SUPPOSE. If; supposing; provided that; in order that. Spose mika nanitsh nika canim, if you see my canoe; spose nika klatawa kopa Chinook, if or when I go to Chinook; kahkwa spose, as if. See KLOSHK SPOSE.

~Stick~, n., adj. English, idem. A stick; a tree; wood; wooden. Stick skin, bark; ship stick, a mast; mitwhit stick, a standing tree, icht stick, a yard measure; stick shoes, leather shoes or boots, as distinguished from skin shoes or moccasins; kull stick, oak (hard wood); isick stick, the ash (paddle wood).

~Stock'-en~, n. English. Stockings or socks.

~Stoh~, adj. Chinook, idem. Loose. Mamook stoh, to untie; unloose; undo. Metaphorically, to absolve.

~Stone~, n. English, idem. A rock or stone; bone; horn; the testicles.

Stone kiuatan, a stallion; mahsh stone, to castrate.

~Stote'-kin~, adj. Chinook, STOKTKIN. Eight.

~Stutch'-un~, n. English, STURGEON. The sturgeon.

~Suk-wal'-al~, n. Chinook (Hale); Clatsop, SHUKWALÁLA, a gun or musket. No longer used in Jargon.

~Sun~, n. English, idem. The sun; a day. Tenas sun, early; sitkum sun, noon; klip sun, sunset.

~Sun'-day~, n. English, idem. Sunday. Icht Sunday, a week; hyas sunday, a holiday. A flag hoisted on a particular occasion is sometimes also called Sunday. The other days of the week are usually counted from this; as, icht, mokst, klone sun kopet Sunday, one, two, or three days after Sunday. Saturday used to be called at the Hudson's Bay Company's posts "muckamuck sun," food day, as the one on which the rations were issued.

T

~Tagh'-um~, ~To'-hum~, or ~Tugh'-um~, adj. Chinook, TAKHUM; Cowlitz,

TUKHUM; Kwantlen, TUKHUM'; Selish, TÁKKAN. Six.

~Táhl-kie~, or ~Táhnl-kie~, adv. Chinook, TÁNLKI. Yesterday. Icht tahlkie, day before yesterday.

~Táh-nim~, v. Chihalis, idem. To measure. Of only local use, and not strictly Jargon.

~Taht'-le-lum~, or ~Tot'-le-lum~, adj. Chinook, TATLELUM. Ten. The combinations from this are simple. Moxt, klone, &c., tahtlelum, signifying twenty, thirty, &c.; tahtlelum pe icht, &c., eleven, twelve, &c.

~Tál-a-pus~, n. Chinook, ITALIPAS; Yakama, TELIPA. (Pandosy.) The coyote or prairie wolf. A sort of deity or supernatural being, prominent in Indian mythology. A sneak.

~Ta-máh-no-us~, n. Chinook, ITAMÁNAWAS. A sort of guardian or familiar spirit; magic; luck; fortune; any thing supernatural. One's particular forte is said to be his tamahnous. Mamook tamahnous, to conjure; "make medecine;" masahchie tamahnous, witchcraft or necromancy. Mr. Andersen restricts the true meaning of the word to conjuring.

~Ta-mo'-litsh~, or ~Ta-mow'-litsh~, n. Chinook, TAMULITSH (Anderson); Yakama, TAMOLITSH (Pandosy). A tub; barrel; bucket. Icht tamolitsb, a bushel measure.

~Tanse~, v., n. English, DANCE. To dance.

~T'chuk'-in~, or ~Tsugh'-ken~. See CHUCKIN.

~Tea~, n. English, idem. Tea.

~Te-áh-wit~, n. Chinook, TIÁWI; Clatsop, KLÁAWIT. The leg; the foot.

Klatawa teahwit, to go on foot; to walk; klook teahwit, lame.

~Téh-teh~, v. Clatsop, TETEHAHA. To trot, as a horse. Of local use only.

~Ten'-as~, or ~Tan'-as~, n., adj. Nootka, TANAS; Tokwaht, TENES. Small; few; little; a child; the young of any animal. Mokst nika tenas, I have two children; tenas hyiu, a few; tenas sun, early. Jewitt gives TANASSIE for a child in Nootka.

~Te-péh~, n. Chinook, TEPKÉH. Quills; the wings of a bird.

~Tik-égh~, or ~Tu-kégh~, v. Chinook, TIKEKH. To want; wish; love; like. Hyas tikegh, to long for; ikta mika tikegh? what do you want?

~Tik'-tik~, n. By onoma. A watch.

~Til'-i-kum~, n. Chinook, TILIKHUM. People. Applied generally, it means those who are not chiefs. Cultus tilikum, common or insignificant persons; huloima tilikum, strangers; nika tilikum, my relations. It is also used to signify a tribe or band.

~Til'-i-kum-má-ma~, n. (Hale.) Chinook, TLKAMÁMA. A father. The word is not in use in Jargon.

~Till~, or ~Tull~, adj., n. English, TIRE. Tired; heavy; weight; a weight. Hyas till nika, I am very tired; kansih till okook, how much does that weigh; mamook till, to weigh.

~Tin'-tin~, n. By onoma. A bell; a musical instrument. Mamook tintin, to ring a bell. Among the Indians round the Hudson Bay Company's posts, the hours were thus known; as, mokst tintin kopet sitkum sun, two hours, i.e., two bells after noon.

~T'kópe~, adj. Chinook, idem. White; light-colored.

~Tlehl~. See KLALE.

~Tl'kópe~, v. Chinook, idem. To cut; hew; chop.

~Toh~, or ~Tooh~. By onoma. Mamook toh, to spit. A manufactured word.

~Tóke-tie~, adj. Kalapuya. Pretty. Not in common use.

~To'-lo~, v. Kalapuya. To earn; to win at a game; to gain. Kansih dolla nika tolo spose mamook? how many dollars will I earn if I work?

~To'-luks~, n. Clallam, TOYUK. The mussel. Used on Puget Sound only.

~To-mól-la~, adv. English, TO-MORROW. Ikt tomolla, or copet tomolla, the day after.

~Tot~, n. Chihalis, TOT, or TAT. An uncle.

~To'-to~, v. By onoma. Chinook, TOKH-TOKH. To shake; sift any thing; winnow.

~To-toosh'~, or ~Ta-toosh'~, n. Chippeway, TOTOSH. (Schoolcraft.) The breasts of a female; milk. Totoosh lakles, butter.

~To-wagh'~, adj. Chinook, TOWAKH. Bright; shining; light.

~Tsee~, adj. Chinook, idem. Sweet.

~Tsee'-pie~, v. Kalapuya. To miss a mark; to mistake one's road; to make a blunder in speaking; to err or blunder. Tseepie wayhut, to take the wrong road.

~Tshi'-ke~, adv. (Hale.) Quære u. d. Directly; soon. Not Jargon.

~Tshis~, adj. Chinook, idem. Cold. Not in common use.

~Tsi-át-ko~, n. Chihalis, Nisqually, &c., idem; Clatsop, ÉCHIATKU. A nocturnal demon, much feared by the Indians. The Skagits give this name to the "Couteaux," a tribe of Indians on Frazer River, of whom they stand in like awe.

~Tsik'-tsik~, or ~Tchik'-tchik~, n. By onoma. A wagon; a cart; a wheel. Tsiktsik wayhut, a wagon-road.

~Tsil'-tsil~, or ~Chil'-chil~, n. Chinook, ECHILCHIL. (Anderson.) Buttons; the stars.

~Tsish~, v. By onoma., in imitation of the sound of a grindstone.

(Shaw.) Mamook tsish, to sharpen. Of local use.

~Tsóle-pat~, n. Klikatat. A shot-pouch. Of local use only.

~Tso'-lo~, n. Kalapuya. (Shaw.) To wander in the dark; to lose one's way. Used in the Willamette valley.

~Tsugh~, n., v. Chinook, idem. A crack or split. Mamook tsugh, to split; chahko tsugh, to become split or cracked, as by the heat of the sun; mamook tsugh illahie, is by some used instead of klugh, for to plough.

~Tsuk~. See CHUCK.

~Tuk-a-mo'-nuk~, or ~Tak-a-mo'-nak~, adj. Chinook, ITAKAMONAK. A hundred. It is, like ten, combined with the digits; as, icht, moxt, klone takamonak, one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, &c. Hyas takamonak, or tahtlelum takamonak, a thousand.

~Tuk'-wil-la~, or ~To'-kwil-la~, n. Kalapuya. The hazel-nut; nuts generally.

~Tum'-tum~, n. By onoma., from the pulsations of the heart. (Anderson.) The heart; the will; opinion. Mahsh tumtum, to give orders, mamook tumtum, to make up one's mind; mamook closhe tumtum, to make friends or peace; sick tumtum, grief; jealousy; moxt tumtum nika, I am undecided, i.e., I have two wills. Q. Kah nesika klatawa? where shall we go? A. Mika tumtum, wherever you please; as you will. Ikta mika tumtum? what do you think? Halo tumtum, without a will of one's own, as a child. The heart seems to be generally regarded as the seat of the mind or will.

~Tum-wa'-ta~, n. TUM, by onoma.; English, WATER. A waterfall, cascade, or cataract. Lewis and Clarke give TIMM as used by the Indians above the Dalles of the Columbia in directing them to the falls.

~Tup'-shin~, or ~Tip'-sin~, v. Chihalis, TUPSHIN. A needle. Mamook tipsin, to sew; to mend; to patch.

~Túp-so~, or ~Tip'-so~, n. Chinook, TEPSO, a leaf. Grass; leaves, fringe; feathers; fur. Often but incorrectly employed for YAKSO, hair; tipso illahie, prairie; dely tipso, hay.

~Ty'-ee~, n., adj. Nootka, TAIYI; TYEE (Jewitt). A chief. Any thing of superior order. Saghalie tyee, the Deity; tyee salmon, the spring salmon. TOYON is given by some of the northwestern voyagers as the Eskimo appellation for chief.

~Tzum~, n., adj. Chinook, idem. Mixed colors; spots or stripes; a mark or figure; writing; paint; painted. Tzum sill, printed calico; tzum pehpa, writing; mamook tzum, to write; tzum illahie, blazed or surveyed land.

~W.~

~Wagh~, v. Chinook, WAKH, To pour; to spill; to vomit. Mamook wagh chuck, pour out some water.

~Wake~, adv. Nootka, WIK (Jewitt); Tokwaht, WEK. No; not.

~Wa'-ki~, adv. (Hale.) Chinook, WAKI. To-morrow. Not Jargon.

~Wap'-pa-too~, n. Quære u. d. The root of the Sagitaria sagittifolia, which forms an article of food; the potato. The word is neither Chinook nor Chihalis, but is everywhere in common use.

~Wash~, v. English, idem. Mamook wash, to wash.

~Waum~, adj. English, WARM. Hyas waum, hot; waum illahie, summer; mamook waum, to heat; waum-sick-cole-sick, fever and ague.

~Wau'-wau~, v., n. Nootka; Nittinat, WÁWE. To talk; speak; call; ask; tell; answer; talk or conversation. Cultus wauwau, idle talk; stuff; nonsense; hyas wauwau, to shout.

~Way'-hut~, ~Hweh'-kut~, or ~Wee'-hut~, n. Chinook, WÉHUT, a road;

Yakama, WIET, far. A road or trail. Tsik-tsik wayhut, a wagon-road.

About Vancouver, on the Columbia, it is pronounced HWÉHKUT; on Puget

Sound, WEEHUT.

~Weght~, conj. Chinook, idem. Again; also; more. Pe nika weght, and I too; pahtlatsh weght, give me some more; tenas weght, a little more yet.

~Whim~, v. Wasco. (Shaw.) To fell. Whim stick, a fallen tree; mamook whim okook stick, fell that tree. Also, to throw, in wrestling. Of local use only.

~Win'-a-pie~, adv. Nootka; Nittinat, WILAPI. By-and-bye; presently; wait. Of local use; the Chinook ALKI being more common.

~Wind~, or ~Win~, n. English, idem. Wind. The winds are often known by the country from which they blow; as, for instance, on the Columbia, an easterly is a Walla-walla wind; at the mouth of the river, a southerly is a Tilamooks wind, &c. Breath. Ex. Halo wind, out of breath; dead.

Y

~Yah'-hul~, n. Chinook, YAKHUL; EUEKHOL. A name. Not in general use.

~Yáh-ka~, or ~Yok'-ka~, pron. Chinook, YÁKA. He; his; him; she; it, &c.

~Yah'-kis-ilt'h~, adj. Chinook, YAKISILT'H. Sharp. Mr. Anderson gives as the original, "cutting."

~Yah'-wa~, adv. Chinook, YAWÁKH. There; thither; thence; beyond.

~Yah'-whul~. See AYÁHWHUL.

~Yak'-so~, n. Chinook, idem. The hair of the head; hair generally.

~Ya-kwah'-tin~, or ~Kwah'-tin~, n. Chinook and Clatsop, YAKWATIN. The belly; the entrails.

~Yaub~. See LEJAUB.

~Yel'-a-kwat~. See KALAKWAHTIE.

~Yi'-em~, v., n. Chihalis, YAIEM. To relate; to tell a story; to confess to a priest; a story or tale.

~Youtl~, adj. Quære Chihalis, EYUTLH; Nisqually, JUIL, glad. Pleased; proud; (of a horse), spirited. Hyas youtl yakka tumtum, his heart is very glad; he is much puffed up.

~Yoútl-kut~, adj., n. Chinook, YÚTLKUT. Long (in dimension); length.

~Yoút-skut~, or ~Yutes'-kut~, adj. Chinook, YÚTSKUTA. Short (in dimension).

~Y-salt'h~, or ~Ye-salt'h~. See E-SALT'H.

~Yuk'-wa~, adv. Chinook, YAKWÁ. Here; hither; this side of; this way.

Yukwa kopa okook house, this side of that house.

~PART II.~

ENGLISH-CHINOOK

PART II. ENGLISH-CHINOOK

~A.~

~Above~, ságh-a-lie.

~Absolve~, mam'-ook stoh.

~Acorns~, káh-na-way.

~Across~, in'-a-ti.

~Afraid~, kwass.

~After, Afterwards~, kim'-ta.

~Again~, weght.

~All~, kon'-a-way.

~Alms~, e'-la-han, or e-lann'.

~Also~, weght.

~Although~, kégh-tchie.

~Always~, kwáh-ne-sum.

~American~, Boston.

~Amusement~, hee'-hee.

~And~, pee.

~Anger, Angry~, sol'-leks.

~Apple~, le pome.

~Apron~, kéh-su, or ki'-su.

~Arbutus uva ursi~, lahb.

~Arrive at~, ko.

~Arrow~, ka-li'-tan.

~As if~, káh-kwa spose.

~At~, ko'-pa.

~Aunt~, kwal'h.

~Awl~, shoes keep'-wot.

~Axe~, la-hash'.

~B.~

~Bad~, me-sáh-chie; pe-shuk'.

~Bag~, le sak.

~Ball~, le bal.

~Bargain~, máh-kook; húy-húy.

~Bark~, s'ick-skin.

~Barrel~, ta-mo'-litsh.

~Basket~, o'-pe-kwan.

~Beads~, ka-mo'-suk.

~Bear~ (black), chet'-woot; its'woot; (grizzly), si-am'.

~Beat, to~, kok'-shut.

~Beaver~, ee'-na.

~Because~, kéh-wa.

~Become, to~, cháh-ko.

~Bed~, bed.

~Before~, e'-lip, or el'-ip.

~Behind~, kim'-ta.

~Bell~, tin'-tin.

~Belly~, ya-kwáh-tin.

~Below~, kee'-kwil-lie.

~Belt~, la san-jel'.

~Berries~, o'-lil-lie; o'-lal-lie.

~Best~, e'-lip closhe.

~Bird~, kal-lak'-a-la.

~Biscuit~, le bis'-kwee.

~Bitter~, klihl.

~Black~, klale.

~Blackberries~, klik'-a-muks.

~Blanket~, pa-see'-sie.

~Blind~, ha'-lo se-áh-host.

~Blood~, pil-pil.

~Blow out~, mam'-ook poh.

~Blue~ (light), spo'-oh.

~Blue~ (dark), klale.

~Blunder, to~, tsee'-pie.

~Board~, la plash.

~Boat~, boat.

~Bob-tailed; a bob-tailed horse~, sis'-ki-you.

~Boil, to~, lip'-lip.

~Bone~, stone.

~Borrow, to~, a-yáh-whul.

~Bosom~ (female), to-toosh.

~Both~, kun'-a-moxt.

~Bottle~, la-boo-ti'.

~Bow~, o'-pitl-kegh.

~Bowl~, oos'-kan.

~Box~, la ca-sett'.

~Bracelet~, klik'-wal-lie.

~Brave~, skoo'-kum tum'-tum.

~Bread~, le pan.

~Break, to~, kok'-shut.

~Breasts~, to-toosh'.

~Breech clout~, o'-poots sill.

~Bridle~, la bleed.

~Bright~, to-wágh.

~Broad~, kluk-ulh'.

~Broom~, bloom.

~Brother~, káhp-ho, if elder than the speaker;

ow, if younger. Male cousins the same.

~Brother-in-law~, ek'-keh.

~Bucket~, ta-mo'-litsh.

~Buffalo~, moos'-moos.

~Bullet~, le bal; ka-li'-tan.

~Bundle~, kow.

~But~, pe.

~Butter~, to-toosh' la-kles'.

~Buttons~, tsil'-tsil.

~Buy, to~, máh-kook.

~By-and-by~, win'-a-pie.

~C.~

~Candle~, la shan-del'.

~Carrot~, la ca-lat'.

~Carry, to~, lo' lo.

~Cart~, tsik'-tsik; chik'-chik.

~Cascade~, tum' wa-ter.

~Castrate, to~, mahsh stone.

~Cat~, puss'-puss.

~Cataract~, tum' wa-ter.

~Cattle~, moos'-moos.

~Certainly~, na-wit'-ka.

~Chain~, la shen; chik'a-min lope.

~Chair~, la shase.

~Cheat, to~, la-láh.

~Chicken~, la pool.

~Chief~, ty-ee'.

~Child~, ten'-as.

~Clams~, o'-na; luk'-ut-chee; la-kwit'-chee.

~Clams~, the large kind, smet-ocks.

~Clear up, to~, cháh-ko klah.

~Cloth~ (cotton), sail.

~Clouds~, smoke.

~Coat~, ca-po'.

~Coffee~, kau'-py.

~Cold~, cole; tshis.

~Comb~, comb.

~Comb, to~, mam'-ook comb.

~Come, to~, cháh-ko.

~Confess, to~, yi'-em.

~Conjuring~, ta-máh-no-us.

~Cook, to~, mam'-ook pi'-ah.

~Copper~, pil chik'-a-min.

~Cord~, ten'-as lope.

~Corn~, _e-salt'h', _or ye-salt'h'.

~Corral~, kul-lágh.

~Cotton goods~, sail.

~Cough~, hoh'-hoh.

~Count, to~, mam'-ook kwun'-nun.

~Cousin~, see brother and sister.

~Coyote~, tal'-a-pus.

~Crab apple~, pow'-itsh.

~Cranberry~, so'-le-mie.

~Crazy~, pel'-ton.

~Cream colored~, le clem.

~Crooked~, ki'-wa.

~Cross~, la clo-a'.

~Crow~, káh-kah.

~Cry, to~, cly.

~Cup~, oos'-kan.

~Curly~, hunl'-kih.

~Cut, to~, tl'ko'-pe.

~D.~

~Dance, to~, tanse.

~Dark, darkness~, po'-lak-lie.

~Day~, sun.

~Dead~, mem'-a-loost,

~Deaf~, ik-poo'-ie kwil-lan.

~Dear~, hy'-as máh-kook.

~Deep~, klip.

~Deer~, mow'-itsh.

~Demon~, skoo'-kum.

~Devil~, di-aub'; yaub; le-jaub'.

~Different~, hul-o'-i-ma.

~Difficult~, kull.