Лексика английского языка для среднего уровня. Тематическое учебное пособие B1

Лексика английского языка для среднего уровня

Тематическое учебное пособие B1

Джонас Тичерман

© Джонас Тичерман, 2026

ISBN 978-5-0070-4190-4

Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero

Введение

Данное учебное пособие предназначено для изучающих английский язык на уровне B1 и направлено на развитие словарного запаса, навыков чтения, устной речи и понимания контекста употребления лексических единиц. Книга структурирована по тематическим разделам, охватывающим основные сферы повседневной жизни, общения, работы и личного развития.

Каждая глава включает тематический текст, список ключевой лексики с переводом, диалог с параллельным переводом, а также блок вопросов для самостоятельной практики. Такой формат позволяет системно закреплять изученный материал и развивать способность использовать новые слова и выражения в различных коммуникативных ситуациях.

Особое внимание в пособии уделяется актуальной лексике, необходимой для повседневного общения и понимания современных текстов. Темы подобраны с учётом типичных интересов и потребностей изучающих английский язык на среднем уровне.

Цель данного пособия заключается в формировании устойчивой лексической базы, развитии навыков самостоятельной работы с языковым материалом и повышении уверенности в использовании английского языка в устной и письменной форме.

Автор придерживается принципа постепенного усложнения материала и ориентируется на практическое применение языка. Пособие может быть использовано как для самостоятельного изучения, так и в рамках занятий с преподавателем.

Daily routine and lifestyle

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Most people have a daily routine that helps them organize their time and make their life more stable. A routine is a set of activities that a person usually does every day. It does not have to be exactly the same, but it often includes repeated habits that give structure to the day.

For many people, the day begins in the morning. Some people wake up early because of work or study, while others prefer to stay in bed a little longer. After waking up, people usually wash, brush their teeth, and get dressed. These simple actions help them feel ready for the day.

Breakfast is an important part of the morning routine. It gives energy and helps people focus during the first part of the day. Some people eat a full meal at home, while others choose something quick, like coffee and a snack on the way to work or school.

During the day, most people are busy with work or study. Students go to school or university, where they attend lessons, listen to teachers, take notes, and complete tasks. Workers go to offices, shops, or other workplaces where they have responsibilities and duties.

It is normal to feel tired during the day, so people often take short breaks. During these breaks, they can drink water, talk to colleagues, or simply rest for a few minutes. These small pauses help people feel more productive.

Lunch is usually eaten around midday. Some people bring food from home, while others prefer to eat in a canteen or café. After lunch, people continue their activities until the end of the working day.

When work or study is finished, people return home. The evening is usually more relaxed and calm. Many people cook dinner, spend time with family, or watch television. Others prefer to meet friends, go for a walk, or visit the gym to stay healthy.

Free time is important because it helps people relax and recover energy. People use their free time in different ways depending on their interests and personality. Some enjoy reading books, while others prefer social media, music, or movies.

Before going to bed, many people follow a simple evening routine. They wash, prepare things for the next day, and sometimes set alarms. A regular sleep schedule is important because good sleep helps the body and mind recover.

Most adults need between seven and nine hours of sleep. Sleep quality affects mood, energy, and concentration during the day. When people do not sleep enough, they often feel tired and stressed.

Technology also plays a big role in modern lifestyle. People use smartphones to plan their day, communicate, and check information. However, too much screen time can affect health, so some people try to reduce it.

A healthy lifestyle is based on balance. It includes work, rest, physical activity, and time for personal interests. When a person manages their routine well, they often feel more organized, calm, and satisfied with life.

Vocabulary and expressions

daily routine — ежедневный распорядок

to organize time — организовывать время

stable — стабильный

habit — привычка

structure — структура

to wake up — просыпаться

to get dressed — одеваться

to focus — концентрироваться

energy — энергия

on the way — по пути

workplace — место работы

responsibility — ответственность

to take breaks — делать перерывы

to feel productive — чувствовать себя продуктивным

midday — полдень

canteen — столовая

to return home — возвращаться домой

free time — свободное время

to recover energy — восстанавливать энергию

personality — личность

evening routine — вечерний распорядок

to set alarms — ставить будильники

sleep schedule — режим сна

concentration — концентрация

screen time — время перед экраном

to communicate — общаться

balanced lifestyle — сбалансированный образ жизни

physical activity — физическая активность

to manage — управлять

satisfied — довольный

Dialogue with translation

Anna: What does your daily routine usually look like?

Anna: Как обычно выглядит твой ежедневный распорядок?

Mark: I wake up early, get ready, and go to work.

Mark: Я просыпаюсь рано, собираюсь и иду на работу.

Anna: Do you have a strict routine every day?

Anna: У тебя строгий распорядок каждый день?

Mark: Not strict, but I try to keep a stable routine.

Mark: Не строгий, но я стараюсь поддерживать стабильный распорядок.

Anna: What do you do during your working day?

Anna: Что ты делаешь в течение рабочего дня?

Mark: I attend meetings, take notes, and complete tasks.

Mark: Я посещаю встречи, делаю заметки и выполняю задачи.

Anna: Do you take breaks during work?

Anna: Ты делаешь перерывы во время работы?

Mark: Yes, short breaks help me stay productive.

Mark: Да, короткие перерывы помогают мне оставаться продуктивным.

Anna: How do you spend your evenings?

Anna: Как ты проводишь вечера?

Mark: I usually relax, cook dinner, or watch something.

Mark: Обычно я отдыхаю, готовлю ужин или что-то смотрю.

Anna: Do you think your lifestyle is balanced?

Anna: Ты считаешь, что твой образ жизни сбалансирован?

Mark: Yes, I try to balance work, rest, and free time.

Mark: Да, я стараюсь балансировать работу, отдых и свободное время.

Questions and sample answers

What time do you usually wake up?

I usually wake up early because I have work or study. I feel better when I start the day early. It helps me have more time in the morning.

How do you start your morning?

I start my morning by washing, getting dressed, and having breakfast. This routine helps me feel ready for the day. It also gives me energy.

What do you usually do during the day?

During the day, I work or study and focus on my tasks. I also take short breaks when I feel tired. This helps me stay productive.

How do you relax after a busy day?

After a busy day, I usually relax at home. I may watch TV, listen to music, or spend time with my family. It helps me recover energy.

Do you think your lifestyle is healthy?

I think my lifestyle is quite healthy because I try to eat well and sleep enough. I also try to include some physical activity. This keeps me in good shape.

What helps you feel more productive?

Good sleep and a clear plan for the day help me feel productive. When I organize my time, I can do more things. Breaks during work are also important.

How do you usually spend your evenings?

In the evenings, I usually stay at home and relax. Sometimes I meet friends or go for a walk. I try not to be too busy.

Do you prefer a busy or a quiet lifestyle?

I prefer a balanced lifestyle, not too busy and not too quiet. I like having time for both work and rest. This helps me feel comfortable and not stressed.

Morning habits and getting ready for the day

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Morning habits play an important role in how people feel and perform during the rest of the day. A good morning routine can help a person feel more awake, focused, and positive. Many people believe that the way the morning starts influences the whole day.

Most people begin their morning by waking up at a certain time. Some use alarms on their phones or clocks, while others wake up naturally. After waking up, many people stay in bed for a few minutes to fully become alert. This short moment of rest helps the brain adjust from sleep to activity.

After getting out of bed, people usually start with basic hygiene. They wash their face, brush their teeth, and sometimes take a shower. These actions help the body feel fresh and ready for the day. Personal care is an important part of feeling confident and active.

Getting dressed is the next step in the morning routine. People choose clothes depending on the weather, their work, or their plans for the day. Some people prepare their clothes in the evening to save time in the morning.

Breakfast is another key part of the morning. It provides energy and helps people concentrate better. Some people prefer a full breakfast with eggs, bread, or porridge, while others choose something light like yogurt or fruit. There are also people who skip breakfast, although this is not always considered healthy.

Many people also spend a few minutes checking their phones in the morning. They read messages, check the news, or look at the weather. However, some people try to avoid screens early in the day because they want to start their morning more calmly.

Before leaving home, people often make small preparations. They check their bags, take keys, and make sure they have everything they need. Some people also plan their tasks for the day to stay organized and avoid stress.

Transportation is also part of the morning routine for many people. Some walk to work or school, while others use buses, trains, or cars. The morning journey is often a time when people think about their plans or listen to music.

A good morning routine can reduce stress and improve productivity. When people follow a clear pattern, they do not waste time thinking about what to do next. This makes the morning smoother and more efficient.

However, not everyone has the same habits. Some people enjoy slow mornings, while others prefer to wake up quickly and start working immediately. Morning habits depend on personality, lifestyle, and responsibilities.

In general, a healthy morning routine includes enough sleep, proper hygiene, a good breakfast, and a calm start to the day. When people take care of their mornings, they often feel more balanced and ready for challenges.

Vocabulary and expressions

morning habits — утренние привычки

to play an important role — играть важную роль

to feel awake — чувствовать себя бодрым

focused — сосредоточенный

positive — позитивный

alarm — будильник

to become alert — проснуться полностью

hygiene — гигиена

to brush teeth — чистить зубы

to take a shower — принимать душ

personal care — уход за собой

to get dressed — одеваться

weather — погода

to prepare clothes — готовить одежду

to skip breakfast — пропускать завтрак

to check messages — проверять сообщения

calmly — спокойно

preparation — подготовка

to plan tasks — планировать задачи

transportation — транспорт

journey — дорога

to reduce stress — уменьшать стресс

productivity — продуктивность

efficient — эффективный

routine — распорядок

to depend on — зависеть от

responsibility — ответственность

to improve — улучшать

balanced — сбалансированный

challenge — вызов

Dialogue with translation

Anna: What is your usual morning routine like?

Anna: Как выглядит твой обычный утренний распорядок?

Mark: I usually wake up early, wash, and have breakfast.

Mark: Обычно я просыпаюсь рано, умываюсь и завтракаю.

Anna: Do you use an alarm to wake up?

Anna: Ты используешь будильник, чтобы просыпаться?

Mark: Yes, I set an alarm on my phone every day.

Mark: Да, я каждый день ставлю будильник на телефоне.

Anna: Do you check your phone in the morning?

Anna: Ты проверяешь телефон утром?

Mark: Yes, I read messages and check the weather.

Mark: Да, я читаю сообщения и проверяю погоду.

Anna: How important is breakfast for you?

Anna: Насколько для тебя важен завтрак?

Mark: It is very important because it gives me energy.

Mark: Это очень важно, потому что даёт мне энергию.

Anna: How do you get to work or study?

Anna: Как ты добираешься до работы или учёбы?

Mark: I usually take the bus and listen to music.

Mark: Обычно я еду на автобусе и слушаю музыку.

Anna: Do you think your mornings are stressful?

Anna: Ты считаешь, что твои утра стрессовые?

Mark: No, I try to keep my mornings calm and organized.

Mark: Нет, я стараюсь делать свои утра спокойными и организованными.

Questions and sample answers

What time do you usually wake up in the morning?

I usually wake up early on weekdays because of work or study. On weekends I sometimes wake up later. I like having a consistent sleep schedule.

How do you feel when you wake up?

I usually feel a bit tired at first, but after a few minutes I become more awake. A glass of water and washing my face help me feel better. Then I feel ready to start the day.

What do you usually do before leaving home?

Before leaving home, I get dressed, check my bag, and make sure I have everything I need. I also sometimes plan my day quickly. This helps me avoid forgetting important things.

Do you prefer slow or fast mornings?

I prefer slow mornings because they feel more comfortable and less stressful. I like having time for breakfast and preparing calmly. It helps me start the day in a better mood.

How important is breakfast for you?

Breakfast is very important for me because it gives me energy for the morning. When I skip it, I feel less focused. A good breakfast helps me work better.

Do you use your phone immediately after waking up?

Sometimes I check my phone after waking up, but I try not to do it too much. I prefer to start the day without too many distractions. It helps me stay calm.

What helps you start the day in a good mood?

A good sleep and a quiet morning help me start the day well. I also feel better when I do not rush. Small routines make a big difference for me.

Do you think morning habits affect the whole day?

Yes, I think morning habits affect the whole day a lot. If the morning is calm and organized, the rest of the day is usually better. A stressful morning often makes the day harder.

Free time and hobbies

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Free time is an important part of life because it allows people to relax, recover energy, and do activities they enjoy. Without free time, people can feel stressed and tired, especially if they have a busy work or study schedule. That is why hobbies are important for mental and emotional well-being.

People spend their free time in different ways depending on their interests, personality, and lifestyle. Some prefer active hobbies, while others enjoy quiet and relaxing activities. There is no right or wrong way to spend free time as long as it helps a person feel better.

One of the most common hobbies is watching films and series. Many people enjoy relaxing at home after a long day and watching something interesting. Streaming platforms make it easy to find new movies and shows in different genres.

Reading is another popular hobby. Some people read books, while others prefer articles or online blogs. Reading helps improve vocabulary, imagination, and concentration. It is also a good way to spend time without screens.

Sports and physical activities are also very important. Many people go to the gym, run in the park, or play team sports like football or basketball. Exercise helps people stay healthy, reduce stress, and improve their mood.

Some people enjoy creative hobbies such as drawing, painting, writing, or playing musical instruments. These activities allow people to express themselves and develop new skills. Creative hobbies can also be very relaxing.

Social activities are another way to spend free time. People meet friends, go to cafes, visit cinemas, or attend events. Spending time with others helps build relationships and makes life more enjoyable.

In modern life, many people also spend their free time online. They use social media, play video games, or watch videos. While this can be entertaining, too much screen time can be unhealthy, so balance is important.

Traveling and exploring new places is another hobby that many people enjoy. Even short trips to nearby cities or nature areas can bring new experiences and emotions. Traveling helps people learn about different cultures and lifestyles.

Some people prefer quiet hobbies like gardening, cooking, or solving puzzles. These activities are often done alone and help people relax after a busy day. They are simple but effective ways to reduce stress.

Free time is not only about entertainment, but also about personal development. People can use it to learn new skills, study languages, or improve themselves. This makes free time both enjoyable and useful.

In conclusion, hobbies and free time activities play an important role in a balanced life. They help people relax, stay healthy, and feel happier. The best hobby is the one that brings joy and does not feel like a duty.

Vocabulary and expressions

free time — свободное время

hobby — хобби

to relax — расслабляться

to recover energy — восстанавливать энергию

mental well-being — психическое благополучие

emotional well-being — эмоциональное благополучие

active hobby — активное хобби

quiet activity — спокойное занятие

streaming platform — стриминговая платформа

genre — жанр

to improve vocabulary — улучшать словарный запас

imagination — воображение

concentration — концентрация

physical activity — физическая активность

to reduce stress — уменьшать стресс

creative hobby — творческое хобби

to express oneself — выражать себя

skill — навык

social activity — социальная активность

relationship — отношения

screen time — время перед экраном

entertaining — развлекательный

traveling — путешествия

experience — опыт

culture — культура

lifestyle — образ жизни

gardening — садоводство

puzzle — головоломка

personal development — личное развитие

balanced life — сбалансированная жизнь

Dialogue with translation

Anna: What do you usually do in your free time?

Anna: Что ты обычно делаешь в свободное время?

Mark: I usually watch series or go for a walk.

Mark: Обычно я смотрю сериалы или иду гулять.

Anna: Do you have any hobbies?

Anna: У тебя есть хобби?

Mark: Yes, I like reading and sometimes playing sports.

Mark: Да, мне нравится читать и иногда заниматься спортом.

Anna: How often do you do sports?

Anna: Как часто ты занимаешься спортом?

Mark: I try to go to the gym two or three times a week.

Mark: Я стараюсь ходить в зал два или три раза в неделю.

Anna: Do you prefer active or quiet hobbies?

Anna: Ты предпочитаешь активные или спокойные хобби?

Mark: I prefer a mix of both. It depends on my mood.

Mark: Я предпочитаю сочетание обоих. Это зависит от настроения.

Anna: Do you spend much time online?

Anna: Ты много времени проводишь в интернете?

Mark: Yes, but I try to control my screen time.

Mark: Да, но я стараюсь контролировать время перед экраном.

Anna: What do you do to relax after work or study?

Anna: Что ты делаешь, чтобы расслабиться после работы или учёбы?

Mark: I usually listen to music or watch something calm.

Mark: Обычно я слушаю музыку или смотрю что-то спокойное.

Questions and sample answers

What do you usually do in your free time?