Английская грамматика для средней школы с упражнениями

He is proud of ___.

She reminded ___ about the meeting. (мы)

I washed ___ after dinner.

They saw ___ in the park. (я)

We prepared ___ for the presentation.

Проверь себя

She helped me.

I saw him at the park.

They invited us to the party.

He prepared himself for the test.

Can you help me?

We enjoyed ourselves at the beach.

I called her yesterday.

He looked at himself in the mirror.

She asked you to bring the book.

The dog hurt itself.

I made myself a cup of tea.

They found themselves in the garden.

He introduced himself to his friends.

She is talking to him now.

I blamed myself for the mistake.

We organized ourselves for the event.

She saw them in the shop.

He cut himself while cooking.

I told ourselves a secret.

You can rely on me.

He hurt himself during the game.

I asked her to explain the problem.

They enjoyed themselves at the party.

She bought a gift for him.

I helped you with homework.

He is proud of himself.

She reminded us about the meeting.

I washed myself after dinner.

They saw me in the park.

We prepared ourselves for the presentation.

Притяжательные местоимения vs. притяжательные прилагательные

Грамматика

Притяжательные формы показывают, кому что принадлежит, и бывают двух типов:

1. Притяжательные прилагательные

Ставятся перед существительным и показывают владельца.

Примеры:

I → my: This is my book.

You → your: That is your pen.

He → his: His car is fast.

She → her: Her bag is new.

It → its: The cat licked its paw.

We → our: Our house is big.

They → their: Their toys are fun.

2. Притяжательные местоимения

Заменяют существительное и стоят самостоятельно, без существительного.

Примеры:

I → mine: This book is mine.

You → yours: That pen is yours.

He → his: The car is his.

She → hers: The bag is hers.

It → its: редко используется

We → ours: The house is ours.

They → theirs: The toys are theirs.

Короткое правило:

Перед существительным → притяжательное прилагательное.

Вместо существительного → притяжательное местоимение.

Практика

Заполните пропуски правильной формой: притяжательное прилагательное или притяжательное местоимение.

This is ___ book. (я)

That pen is ___. (ты)

___ car is very fast. (он)

This is ___ bag. (она)

The cat licked ___ paw. (оно)

We like ___ house.

The toys are ___. (они)

Is this ___ phone? (я)

___ dog is very friendly. (он)

This bag is ___. (мы)

I borrowed ___ notebook. (она)

That house is ___. (они)

___ friends are very kind. (мы)

The book on the table is ___. (он)

Is this chair ___? (ты)

These pencils are ___. (я)

This is ___ house. (они)

He lost ___ keys.

This is ___ dog. (она)

These shoes are ___. (мы)

This is ___ bag. (он)

The homework is ___. (ты)

The big garden is ___. (мы)

This pencil is ___. (я)

That car is ___. (они)

This room is ___. (она)

Is this book ___? (я)

The umbrella is ___. (он)

Our school is ___. (мы)

These toys are ___. (они)

Проверь себя

This is my book.

That pen is yours.

His car is very fast.

This is her bag.

The cat licked its paw.

We like our house.

The toys are theirs.

Is this my phone?

His dog is very friendly.

This bag is ours.

I borrowed her notebook.

That house is theirs.

Our friends are very kind.

The book on the table is his.

Is this chair yours?

These pencils are mine.

This is their house.

He lost his keys.

This is her dog.

These shoes are ours.

This is his bag.

The homework is yours.

The big garden is ours.

This pencil is mine.

That car is theirs.

This room is hers.

Is this book mine?

The umbrella is his.

Our school is ours.

These toys are theirs.

Основные времена: Present Simple

Грамматика

Present Simple используется, чтобы говорить о:

Регулярных действиях и привычках:

I wake up at 7 o’clock.

She goes to school every day.

Общих истинах и фактах:

Water boils at 100 degrees.

The sun rises in the east.

Распорядках и расписаниях:

The train leaves at 9 a.m.

School starts at 8:30.

Правила образования:

Для подлежащих I, you, we, they:

Основная форма глагола без изменений:

I play, you work, we study, they run

Для подлежащих he, she, it:

Добавляем -s или -es к глаголу:

He plays, she works, it rains

Особенности:

Глаголы, оканчивающиеся на -ch, -sh, -x, -s, -o → добавляем -es: watch → watches

Глаголы, оканчивающиеся на согласную + y → меняем y на i и добавляем -es: study → studies

Для отрицаний и вопросов используем вспомогательный do / does:

I do not (don’t) like coffee.

She does not (doesn’t) play tennis.

Do you like pizza?

Does he work here?

Практика

Заполните пропуски правильной формой глагола в Present Simple:

I ___ (wake) up at 7 o’clock.

She ___ (go) to school every day.

We ___ (play) football on Sundays.

He ___ (study) English.

They ___ (live) in London.

It ___ (rain) a lot in autumn.

You ___ (like) pizza.

My brother ___ (watch) TV in the evening.

The sun ___ (rise) in the east.

I ___ (not/eat) chocolate every day.

She ___ (not/go) to the park on Mondays.

We ___ (not/play) basketball now.

He ___ (not/like) vegetables.

They ___ (not/work) on Sundays.

___ you ___ (study) French?

___ he ___ (play) tennis?

I ___ (read) books in my free time.

She ___ (write) emails every morning.

The train ___ (leave) at 9 a.m.

My parents ___ (cook) dinner every evening.

He ___ (not/watch) horror movies.

We ___ (not/go) to school on Saturday.

I ___ (drink) coffee in the morning.

She ___ (teach) math at school.

___ they ___ (like) music?

___ you ___ (play) chess?

My dog ___ (sleep) in the garden.

He ___ (clean) his room every Sunday.

I ___ (not/understand) this exercise.

She ___ (not/visit) her grandparents on weekdays.

Проверь себя

I wake up at 7 o’clock.

She goes to school every day.

We play football on Sundays.

He studies English.

They live in London.

It rains a lot in autumn.

You like pizza.

My brother watches TV in the evening.

The sun rises in the east.

I do not (don’t) eat chocolate every day.

She does not (doesn’t) go to the park on Mondays.

We do not (don’t) play basketball now.

He does not (doesn’t) like vegetables.

They do not (don’t) work on Sundays.

Do you study French?

Does he play tennis?

I read books in my free time.

She writes emails every morning.

The train leaves at 9 a.m.

My parents cook dinner every evening.

He does not (doesn’t) watch horror movies.

We do not (don’t) go to school on Saturday.

I drink coffee in the morning.

She teaches math at school.

Do they like music?

Do you play chess?

My dog sleeps in the garden.

He cleans his room every Sunday.

I do not (don’t) understand this exercise.

She does not (doesn’t) visit her grandparents on weekdays.

Основные времена: Past Simple

Грамматика

Past Simple используется для действий, которые произошли в прошлом и закончились.

1. Утвердительные предложения:

Для правильных глаголов добавляем -ed к инфинитиву:

I played football yesterday.

She watched TV last night.

Неправильные глаголы имеют особую форму, которую нужно запомнить:

go → went, have → had, see → saw, do → did

2. Отрицательные предложения:

Используем вспомогательный глагол did not (didn’t) + инфинитив:

I did not (didn’t) play football yesterday.

She didn’t watch TV last night.

3. Вопросительные предложения:

Используем did + подлежащее + инфинитив:

Did you play football yesterday?

Did she watch TV last night?

Короткое правило:

Правильные глаголы: глагол + ed.

Неправильные глаголы: особая форма.

Отрицания и вопросы: always do/does → did + инфинитив.

Практика

Заполните пропуски правильной формой глагола в Past Simple:

I ___ (play) football yesterday.

She ___ (watch) TV last night.

We ___ (go) to the park on Sunday.

He ___ (study) English yesterday.

They ___ (have) a party last week.

It ___ (rain) yesterday.

You ___ (like) pizza yesterday.

My brother ___ (see) a movie last weekend.

I ___ (not/eat) breakfast this morning.

She ___ (not/go) to school yesterday.

We ___ (not/play) basketball yesterday.

He ___ (not/like) vegetables last night.

___ you ___ (study) French last year?

___ he ___ (play) tennis last weekend?

I ___ (read) a book yesterday.

She ___ (write) a letter last night.

The train ___ (leave) at 9 a.m. yesterday.

My parents ___ (cook) dinner yesterday.

He ___ (not/watch) horror movies yesterday.

We ___ (not/go) to school on Saturday.

I ___ (drink) coffee this morning.

She ___ (teach) math yesterday.

___ they ___ (like) music last week?

___ you ___ (play) chess yesterday?

My dog ___ (sleep) in the garden yesterday.

He ___ (clean) his room yesterday.

I ___ (not/understand) this exercise yesterday.

She ___ (not/visit) her grandparents last week.

We ___ (walk) to school yesterday.

They ___ (meet) their friends last weekend.

Проверь себя

I played football yesterday.

She watched TV last night.

We went to the park on Sunday.

He studied English yesterday.

They had a party last week.

It rained yesterday.

You liked pizza yesterday.

My brother saw a movie last weekend.

I did not (didn’t) eat breakfast this morning.

She did not (didn’t) go to school yesterday.

We did not (didn’t) play basketball yesterday.

He did not (didn’t) like vegetables last night.

Did you study French last year?

Did he play tennis last weekend?

I read a book yesterday.

She wrote a letter last night.

The train left at 9 a.m. yesterday.

My parents cooked dinner yesterday.

He did not (didn’t) watch horror movies yesterday.

We did not (didn’t) go to school on Saturday.

I drank coffee this morning.

She taught math yesterday.

Did they like music last week?

Did you play chess yesterday?

My dog slept in the garden yesterday.

He cleaned his room yesterday.

I did not (didn’t) understand this exercise yesterday.

She did not (didn’t) visit her grandparents last week.

We walked to school yesterday.

They met their friends last weekend.

Основные времена: Future Simple

Грамматика

Future Simple используется, чтобы говорить о действиях, которые произойдут в будущем.

1. Утвердительные предложения:

Образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола will + основной глагол:

I will go to the park tomorrow.

She will study English next week.

2. Отрицательные предложения:

Используем will not (won’t) + основной глагол:

I will not (won’t) eat pizza tonight.

He won’t watch TV tomorrow.

3. Вопросительные предложения:

Используем will + подлежащее + основной глагол:

Will you come to the party?

Will she visit her grandparents next weekend?

Короткое правило:

Утверждение: подлежащее + will + глагол.

Отрицание: подлежащее + will not (won’t) + глагол.

Вопрос: Will + подлежащее + глагол?

Практика

Заполните пропуски правильной формой глагола в Future Simple:

I ___ (go) to the park tomorrow.

She ___ (study) English next week.

We ___ (play) football on Sunday.

He ___ (visit) his grandparents next weekend.

They ___ (have) a party tomorrow.

It ___ (rain) tomorrow.

You ___ (like) this movie.

My brother ___ (watch) TV tonight.

I ___ (read) a book tomorrow.

She ___ (not/go) to school next Monday.

We ___ (not/play) basketball tomorrow.

He ___ (not/like) vegetables.

___ you ___ (study) French next year?

___ he ___ (play) tennis next weekend?

I ___ (help) you with homework.

She ___ (write) a letter tomorrow.

The train ___ (leave) at 9 a.m. tomorrow.

My parents ___ (cook) dinner tomorrow.

He ___ (not/watch) horror movies tomorrow.

We ___ (not/go) to school on Saturday.

I ___ (drink) coffee in the morning.

She ___ (teach) math tomorrow.

___ they ___ (like) music next week?

___ you ___ (play) chess tomorrow?

My dog ___ (sleep) in the garden tomorrow.

He ___ (clean) his room tomorrow.

I ___ (not/understand) this exercise tomorrow.

She ___ (not/visit) her grandparents next week.

We ___ (walk) to school tomorrow.

They ___ (meet) their friends next weekend.

Проверь себя

I will go to the park tomorrow.

She will study English next week.

We will play football on Sunday.

He will visit his grandparents next weekend.

They will have a party tomorrow.

It will rain tomorrow.

You will like this movie.

My brother will watch TV tonight.

I will read a book tomorrow.

She will not (won’t) go to school next Monday.

We will not (won’t) play basketball tomorrow.

He will not (won’t) like vegetables.

Will you study French next year?

Will he play tennis next weekend?

I will help you with homework.

She will write a letter tomorrow.

The train will leave at 9 a.m. tomorrow.

My parents will cook dinner tomorrow.

He will not (won’t) watch horror movies tomorrow.

We will not (won’t) go to school on Saturday.

I will drink coffee in the morning.

She will teach math tomorrow.

Will they like music next week?

Will you play chess tomorrow?

My dog will sleep in the garden tomorrow.

He will clean his room tomorrow.

I will not (won’t) understand this exercise tomorrow.

She will not (won’t) visit her grandparents next week.

We will walk to school tomorrow.

They will meet their friends next weekend.

Основные времена: Present Continuous

Грамматика

Present Continuous используется для действий, которые происходят сейчас или в текущий период времени.

1. Утвердительные предложения:

Образуется с помощью to be (am, is, are) + глагол с окончанием -ing:

I am reading a book.

She is watching TV.

They are playing football.

2. Отрицательные предложения:

Добавляем not после глагола to be:

I am not reading a book.

She is not (isn’t) watching TV.

They are not (aren’t) playing football.

3. Вопросительные предложения:

Меняем порядок подлежащего и to be:

Am I reading a book?

Is she watching TV?

Are they playing football?

Короткое правило:

Действие происходит сейчас → Present Continuous.

Утвердительные: am/is/are + глагол + ing.

Отрицательные: am/is/are + not + глагол + ing.

Вопросы: am/is/are + подлежащее + глагол + ing?

Практика

Заполните пропуски правильной формой глагола в Present Continuous:

I ___ (read) a book now.

She ___ (watch) TV at the moment.

We ___ (play) football in the park.

He ___ (study) English right now.

They ___ (have) dinner now.

It ___ (rain) at the moment.

You ___ (listen) to music now.

My brother ___ (watch) a movie now.

I ___ (not/eat) breakfast right now.

She ___ (not/go) to school at the moment.

We ___ (not/play) basketball now.

He ___ (not/like) this book at the moment.

___ you ___ (study) French now?

___ he ___ (play) tennis at the moment?

I ___ (help) you now.

She ___ (write) a letter at the moment.

The children ___ (leave) for school now.

My parents ___ (cook) dinner at the moment.

He ___ (not/watch) horror movies now.

We ___ (not/go) to the park now.

I ___ (drink) coffee at the moment.

She ___ (teach) math right now.

___ they ___ (like) music at the moment?

___ you ___ (play) chess now?

My dog ___ (sleep) in the garden now.

He ___ (clean) his room at the moment.

I ___ (not/understand) this exercise now.

She ___ (not/visit) her grandparents at the moment.

We ___ (walk) to school now.

They ___ (meet) their friends right now.

Проверь себя

I am reading a book now.

She is watching TV at the moment.

We are playing football in the park.

He is studying English right now.

They are having dinner now.

It is raining at the moment.

You are listening to music now.

My brother is watching a movie now.

I am not eating breakfast right now.

She is not (isn’t) going to school at the moment.

We are not (aren’t) playing basketball now.

He is not (isn’t) liking this book at the moment.

Are you studying French now?

Is he playing tennis at the moment?

I am helping you now.

She is writing a letter at the moment.

The children are leaving for school now.

My parents are cooking dinner at the moment.

He is not (isn’t) watching horror movies now.

We are not (aren’t) going to the park now.

I am drinking coffee at the moment.

She is teaching math right now.

Are they liking music at the moment?

Are you playing chess now?

My dog is sleeping in the garden now.

He is cleaning his room at the moment.

I am not understanding this exercise now.

She is not (isn’t) visiting her grandparents at the moment.

We are walking to school now.

They are meeting their friends right now.

Основные времена: Past Continuous