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Английские идиомы на практике. Эффективное запоминание и практика английского языка
Английские идиомы на практике
Эффективное запоминание и практика английского языка
Джуди Грэммер
© Джуди Грэммер, 2026
ISBN 978-5-0069-5147-1
Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero
Введение
Идиомы представляют собой неотъемлемую часть английского языка. Они используются как в устной, так и в письменной речи и позволяют выразить мысли, чувства и действия более точно и естественно, чем при помощи отдельных слов. Понимание и умение использовать идиомы является важным аспектом владения языком на уровне B1 и выше, так как многие выражения часто встречаются в повседневном общении, в литературе, средствах массовой информации и онлайн-контенте.
Цель этой книги – представить наиболее употребительные и полезные идиомы через контекст живых ситуаций. Каждая глава посвящена отдельной теме, отражающей реальные жизненные события, эмоции или ситуации, в которых эти выражения могут использоваться. Такой подход позволяет видеть, как идиомы функционируют в речи, и облегчает их запоминание, поскольку изучаемые выражения связываются с конкретным контекстом.
После каждой истории предлагаются упражнения различного уровня сложности. Первые задания помогают закрепить идиомы с опорой на список, последующие – тренируют активное воспроизведение и использование выражений в новых предложениях. Такой метод позволяет не только узнавать новые выражения, но и применять их самостоятельно, постепенно делая их частью своего словарного запаса и речевого поведения.
Книга построена так, чтобы обучение было последовательным. Сначала предлагаются простые и понятные истории с идиомами, затем задания усложняются, требуя более внимательного чтения, анализа контекста и самостоятельного использования изученных выражений. Этот системный подход способствует развитию навыков понимания текста, расширению словарного запаса и формированию уверенности при использовании идиом в разговорной речи.
Изучение английских идиом через истории позволяет не только понять значение выражений, но и увидеть их естественное употребление, оценить нюансы и оттенки смысла, которые они передают. Такой подход делает процесс обучения последовательным, логичным и ориентированным на практическое применение языка в реальных ситуациях.
A Leap of Faith
Список идиом
to be at a crossroads – быть на распутье
Оказаться в ситуации, когда нужно сделать важный выбор.
to step out of your comfort zone – выйти из зоны комфорта
Сделать что-то непривычное или пугающее ради развития.
to take the plunge – решиться на что-то рискованное
Наконец-то принять смелое решение.
to go with your gut – довериться интуиции
Принять решение, опираясь на внутреннее чувство.
to weigh the pros and cons – взвесить все за и против
Тщательно обдумать плюсы и минусы.
once in a lifetime opportunity – шанс, который бывает раз в жизни
Очень редкая и ценная возможность.
to play it safe – действовать осторожно, без риска
Выбрать самый безопасный вариант.
to have second thoughts – начать сомневаться
Испытывать сомнения после принятия решения.
to follow your dreams – следовать за своей мечтой
Стремиться к тому, о чём давно мечтал.
no turning back – пути назад нет
Точка, после которой нельзя отменить решение.
Короткий рассказ
Emma was at a crossroads. She had a stable job in a small town, friendly colleagues, and a comfortable routine. But one evening she received an email that changed everything. A company in another country offered her a position in their marketing team. It was a once in a lifetime opportunity.
At first, Emma decided to play it safe. «I have a good life here,» she told her best friend. «Why risk everything?» Still, she couldn’t stop thinking about the offer. She started to weigh the pros and cons, making long lists in her notebook. Better salary, international experience, adventure… but also homesickness, uncertainty, and fear.
Deep inside, she knew she needed to step out of her comfort zone. She had always wanted to travel and follow her dreams, but she had never been brave enough. «Maybe this is my chance,» she thought.
One night, after hours of thinking, she decided to go with her gut. Her intuition told her that staying would be easier, but leaving would help her grow. The next morning, with shaking hands, she wrote an email accepting the offer. She had finally decided to take the plunge.
However, as soon as she pressed «send,» she began to have second thoughts. What if she failed? What if she felt lonely? What if she made the biggest mistake of her life?
Two weeks later, standing at the airport with a one-way ticket, she realized there was no turning back. Surprisingly, she felt calm. For the first time in years, she wasn’t choosing safety. She was choosing possibility.
As the plane took off, Emma smiled. Being at a crossroads was scary. But sometimes, the only way to discover who you really are is to be brave enough to choose a new path.
Упражнение 1: Fill in the gaps (с опорой на список)
After graduating from university, I felt I was __________ and didn’t know which career to choose.
Before making such a big decision, you should __________ carefully.
It was scary to move abroad, but I knew I had to __________.
This scholarship is a __________ – you won’t get another chance like this.
I wanted to start my own business, but I decided to __________ and keep my regular job.
When she bought the ticket, she realized there was __________.
Упражнение 2: Fill in the gaps (без списка, с началом идиомы)
I knew I had to trust my intuition and go with…
After saying yes to the proposal, he began to have…
She left her office job to follow… and become an artist.
Moving to a new city helped me step out… and grow as a person.
When he invested all his savings, he knew he had taken…
Life often puts us at… where we must choose.
Упражнение 3: Make your own sentences
Напишите 3—5 своих предложений с любыми идиомами из этой главы.
Постарайтесь использовать разные времена (Past, Present, Future) и реальные жизненные ситуации.
Примерные ответы:
Last year I was at a crossroads and didn’t know whether to change my job.
She decided to take the plunge and move to another country.
Sometimes you just have to go with your gut instead of overthinking everything.
He followed his dreams and opened his own café.
If you don’t step out of your comfort zone, you won’t grow.
Ключи
Упражнение 1
at a crossroads
weigh the pros and cons
step out of your comfort zone
once in a lifetime opportunity
play it safe
no turning back
Упражнение 2
go with your gut
have second thoughts
follow your dreams
step out of your comfort zone
taken the plunge
at a crossroads
A Difficult Decision
Список идиом
to be torn between – разрываться между двумя вариантами
Не мочь выбрать между двумя решениями.
to sleep on it – переспать с мыслью
Отложить решение до следующего дня, чтобы всё обдумать.
to make up your mind – принять решение
Окончательно решить что-то.
to think it over – всё обдумать
Тщательно рассмотреть ситуацию перед решением.
to take into account – принять во внимание
Учесть важные факторы.
to face the consequences – столкнуться с последствиями
Принять результат своих действий.
to stick to your decision – придерживаться своего решения
Не менять уже принятое решение.
to change your mind – передумать
Изменить своё решение.
a tough choice – трудный выбор
Очень сложное решение между важными вариантами.
to do what feels right – поступить так, как подсказывает внутреннее чувство
Выбрать вариант, который кажется правильным.
Короткий рассказ
Daniel was torn between two job offers. One was in his hometown, close to his family and friends. The other was in a big city, with a higher salary and more career opportunities. It was a tough choice.
For days, he couldn’t make up his mind. He talked to his parents, his girlfriend, and even his former boss. Everyone had a different opinion. Some told him to stay. Others encouraged him to move. Daniel decided to sleep on it and not rush.
The next morning, he tried to think it over calmly. He wrote down all the advantages and disadvantages and tried to take into account everything: money, career growth, relationships, and his own happiness. The city job looked more exciting, but it also felt risky.
«What if I fail?» he thought. «Am I ready to face the consequences of leaving everything behind?»
That evening, he went for a long walk alone. He realized that deep down, he already knew the answer. He had always dreamed of living in a big city. He just needed the courage to admit it.
The next day, he finally made up his mind. He accepted the job in the city. His parents were surprised, and his girlfriend was worried. For a moment, Daniel almost changed his mind. But he reminded himself why he had chosen this path.
«I have to stick to my decision,» he said firmly. «I need to do what feels right.»
A month later, standing in his small new apartment and looking at the city lights, Daniel felt nervous but proud. It had been a difficult decision, but it was his decision. And whatever happened next, he was ready to face the consequences.
Упражнение 1: Fill in the gaps (с опорой на список)
I was __________ two universities and couldn’t decide where to study.
It’s an important question. Let me __________ and tell you tomorrow.
She couldn’t __________ for weeks about whether to quit her job.
Before signing the contract, you should __________ carefully.
You must __________ all the risks before investing your money.
After choosing this path, you have to __________.
Упражнение 2: Fill in the gaps (без списка, с началом идиомы)
He was torn… two job offers.
I need to sleep… before I give you my answer.
After thinking for hours, she finally made….
You should take… all the details before deciding.
He wanted to change…, but it was too late.
In the end, she decided to stick… and not listen to criticism.
Упражнение 3: Make your own sentences
Напишите 3—5 своих предложений с любыми идиомами из этой главы.
Используйте разные времена (Past, Present, Future) и реальные жизненные ситуации.
Примерные ответы:
I was torn between staying at home and going abroad.
Let me sleep on it and I’ll call you tomorrow.
She made up her mind and moved to another country.
Before making a big purchase, I always take into account my budget.
He did what felt right, even though others disagreed.
Ключи
Упражнение 1
torn between
sleep on it
make up her mind / his mind
think it over
take into account
face the consequences
Упражнение 2
torn between
sleep on it
made up her mind / his mind
take into account
change his mind / her mind
stick to her decision / his decision
Feeling Blue
Список идиом
to feel blue – грустить, быть в подавленном настроении
Чувствовать лёгкую или глубокую грусть без особой причины.
to be down in the dumps – быть в унынии
Быть расстроенным и подавленным.
to cheer someone up – подбодрить кого-то
Помочь кому-то почувствовать себя лучше.
to burst into tears – расплакаться
Внезапно начать плакать.
to bottle up your feelings – держать эмоции в себе
Не показывать свои чувства и переживания.
to let it all out – выплеснуть всё
Открыто выразить накопившиеся эмоции.
a shoulder to cry on – жилетка для слёз
Человек, которому можно пожаловаться и поплакаться.
to feel under the weather – плохо себя чувствовать
Чувствовать себя не очень хорошо физически или эмоционально.
to look on the bright side – смотреть на светлую сторону
Пытаться увидеть что-то хорошее в сложной ситуации.
every cloud has a silver lining – нет худа без добра
В любой трудной ситуации есть что-то положительное.
Короткий рассказ
On Monday morning, Anna woke up feeling blue. She couldn’t explain why. Nothing terrible had happened, but everything felt heavy and grey. At work, she was quiet and down in the dumps. Her colleagues noticed that she wasn’t smiling as usual.
When her manager asked if she was feeling under the weather, Anna just nodded. It was easier than explaining her emotions. The truth was, she had been bottling up her feelings for weeks. Stress, small disappointments, tiredness – everything had slowly built up inside her.
During lunch break, her best friend Kate called. «You don’t sound like yourself,» she said. «What’s going on?»
At first, Anna tried to look on the bright side. «It’s nothing. I’m just tired,» she replied. But suddenly her voice shook, and she burst into tears right there in the office kitchen.
«I can’t keep pretending everything is fine,» she said. For the first time in weeks, she decided to let it all out. She told Kate about work pressure, her worries about the future, and how lonely she sometimes felt.
Kate listened patiently. She didn’t judge or interrupt. She was exactly the shoulder to cry on that Anna needed.
After the call, Anna still felt emotional, but lighter. In the evening, Kate came over with pizza and a silly comedy movie to cheer her up. They laughed, talked, and even made plans for a short trip together.
Before going to bed, Anna thought about the day. Maybe every cloud has a silver lining. If she hadn’t felt so low, she might never have opened up. And sometimes, sharing your sadness is the first step to feeling better.
Упражнение 1: Fill in the gaps (с опорой на список)
I don’t know why, but I’ve been __________ all day.
After failing the exam, he was really __________.
She tried to __________ her friend by inviting her to the cinema.
He kept everything inside and __________ for months.
When she heard the news, she __________.
You should try to __________ and see something positive in this situation.
Упражнение 2: Fill in the gaps (без списка, с началом идиомы)
I’ve been feeling… since the weekend.
After the argument, she was really down….
Don’t bottle… – talk to someone.
She needed a shoulder… after the breakup.
Try to look… in this situation.
Remember, every cloud….
Упражнение 3: Make your own sentences
Напишите 3—5 своих предложений с любыми идиомами из этой главы.
Используйте разные времена и реальные жизненные ситуации.
Примерные ответы:
I felt blue after moving to a new city.
He was down in the dumps when he lost his job.
Talking to my friend really cheered me up.
She bottled up her feelings for too long.
Every cloud has a silver lining, even if we don’t see it at first.
Ключи
Упражнение 1
feeling blue
down in the dumps
cheer up
bottled up his feelings / bottled up her feelings
burst into tears
look on the bright side
Упражнение 2
feeling blue
down in the dumps
bottle up your feelings
shoulder to cry on
look on the bright side
has a silver lining
Over the Moon
Список идиом
over the moon – безумно счастливый
Очень сильно радоваться чему-то.
on cloud nine – на седьмом небе от счастья
Испытывать состояние полного восторга.
to be thrilled to bits – быть в полном восторге
Чрезвычайно радоваться чему-то.
to jump for joy – прыгать от радости
Очень ярко и эмоционально проявлять радость.
to be on top of the world – чувствовать себя на вершине мира
Ощущать полный успех и счастье.
to be walking on air – словно летать от счастья
Чувствовать лёгкость и эйфорию.
to make someone’s day – сделать чей-то день
Сильно порадовать кого-то.
to share the good news – поделиться хорошими новостями
Сообщить радостную новость другим.
a dream come true – мечта, ставшая реальностью
То, о чём давно мечтал, наконец случилось.
to celebrate in style – отпраздновать с размахом
Отметить событие ярко и запоминающе.
Короткий рассказ
When Lisa opened her email and saw the word «Congratulations,» she froze. For a second, she couldn’t breathe. Then she read the message again. She had been accepted into her dream university.
She was over the moon.
For months, she had been waiting for this answer. She had worked hard, prepared documents, and worried about every detail. And now it was real – a dream come true.
Lisa jumped up from her chair and almost jumped for joy. «I did it!» she shouted. Her little brother ran into the room, confused, but when she told him the news, he hugged her tightly.
She immediately called her best friend. «I’m on cloud nine!» she laughed. «I can’t believe it!»
Her friend was thrilled to bits for her. «This totally makes my day,» she said. «You deserve it!»
All afternoon, Lisa felt like she was walking on air. Even the grey, rainy weather couldn’t ruin her mood. She felt on top of the world, as if nothing could go wrong.
In the evening, her parents came home from work. Lisa gathered them in the living room to share the good news. When she told them, her mother burst into happy tears, and her father lifted her off the ground in a hug.
«We have to celebrate in style,» her dad said. «This is huge!»
They ordered her favorite food, opened a bottle of sparkling juice, and took dozens of photos. It wasn’t a fancy restaurant or a big party, but it felt perfect.
That night, lying in bed, Lisa smiled at the ceiling. Sometimes happiness comes quietly. And sometimes it arrives with one simple word: «Congratulations.»
Упражнение 1: Fill in the gaps (с опорой на список)
She was __________ when she heard she had won the competition.
Getting this job was a __________ for him.
I was so happy that I wanted to __________.
He called his parents to __________.
Her surprise gift really __________.
They decided to __________ and invited all their friends.
Упражнение 2: Fill in the gaps (без списка, с началом идиомы)
She was over… when she passed the exam.
After the wedding, they were on….
He felt like he was walking… all day.
The victory made him feel on top….
She was thrilled… when she got the offer.
It was truly a dream….
Упражнение 3: Make your own sentences
Напишите 3—5 своих предложений с любыми идиомами из этой главы.
Используйте разные времена и реальные жизненные ситуации.
Примерные ответы:
I was over the moon when I got my first salary.
She felt on cloud nine after hearing the good news.
Passing the exam was a dream come true for him.
We celebrated in style after finishing the project.
That small compliment really made my day.
Ключи
Упражнение 1
over the moon
a dream come true
jump for joy
share the good news
made my day
celebrate in style
Упражнение 2
over the moon
on cloud nine
walking on air
on top of the world
thrilled to bits
a dream come true
A Heart of Gold
Список идиом
a heart of gold – золотое сердце
Очень добрый, искренний и отзывчивый человек.
to go out of your way – из кожи вон лезть
Прилагать особые усилия, чтобы помочь кому-то.
to lend a hand – протянуть руку помощи
Помочь в деле или в сложной ситуации.
to be there for someone – быть рядом в трудную минуту
Поддерживать человека, когда ему тяжело.
to give someone a hand – помочь кому-то
Оказать практическую помощь.
to do someone a favor – оказать услугу
Сделать что-то по просьбе другого человека.
to have a soft spot for someone – испытывать особую симпатию
Относиться к кому-то с теплотой и нежностью.
to put others first – ставить других на первое место
Думать о потребностях других раньше своих.
to show kindness – проявлять доброту
Вести себя заботливо и по-доброму.
to brighten someone’s day – скрасить чей-то день
Сделать кого-то счастливее, пусть даже ненадолго.
Короткий рассказ
Everyone in the neighborhood knew that Mrs. Taylor had a heart of gold. She lived alone in a small house on the corner, but she was never really lonely. People were always knocking on her door.
Whenever someone needed help, she would go out of her way to lend a hand. If a neighbor was sick, she brought homemade soup. If someone needed advice, she invited them in for tea and listened patiently.
One winter, a young student named Mark moved into the apartment next door. He didn’t know anyone in the city and often looked worried. Mrs. Taylor seemed to have a soft spot for him from the very beginning.
One evening, she saw him struggling with heavy grocery bags in the snow. She quickly ran outside to give him a hand. «You don’t have to do this,» Mark said, embarrassed.
«Oh, nonsense,» she smiled. «We all need someone to be there for us sometimes.»
Over the next few weeks, she often did him small favors – lending him tools, helping him fix a broken chair, even teaching him how to cook a simple meal. She always put others first, even when she was tired.
Mark began to notice something special about her. She didn’t help people to get praise. She helped because she truly wanted to show kindness.
One day, Mark surprised her with a small bouquet of flowers. «You’ve really brightened my day many times,» he said. «I just wanted to say thank you.»
Mrs. Taylor laughed softly. «Kindness is simple,» she replied. «If we all shared a little of it, the world would feel much warmer.»
And in that cold winter, thanks to one woman with a heart of gold, it really did.
Упражнение 1: Fill in the gaps (с опорой на список)
She always __________ and helps her younger sister before thinking about herself.
Can you __________ with these boxes? They’re very heavy.
He really has __________ – he’s always ready to help.
Thank you for being there for me. You really know how to __________.
She __________ to help her colleague finish the project.
He has __________ for animals and often volunteers at shelters.
Упражнение 2: Fill in the gaps (без списка, с началом идиомы)
She has a heart… and never refuses to help.
He always goes out… to support his friends.
Could you lend… with this task?
She was always there… when I needed advice.
He decided to do… and drive her to the airport.
That small message really brightened….
Упражнение 3: Make your own sentences
Напишите 3—5 своих предложений с любыми идиомами из этой главы.
Используйте разные времена и реальные жизненные ситуации.
