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Collins Easy Learning Irish Verbs: Trusted support for learning
Cóipcheart / Copyright
Published by Collins
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Second Edition 2017
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank those authors and publishers who kindly gave permission for copyright material to be used in the Collins Corpus. We would also like to thank Times Newspapers Ltd for providing valuable data.
E-book Edition © August 2017
ISBN 9780008142032
Version: 2017-06-13
Clár / Contents
Clúdach / Cover
Leathanach Teidil / Title Page
Cóipcheart / Copyright
Noda / Abbreviations
Canúintí na Gaeilge / Irish Dialects
Na hEochairbhriathra / The Key Verbs
Réamhrá / Introduction
Táblaí na mBriathra / Verb Tables
Aguisín A / Appendix A
Achoimre Gramadaí / Grammar Synopsis
Faoin Údar / About the Author
Maidir leis an bhFoilsitheoir / About the Publisher
Canúintí na Gaeilge / Irish Dialects
Na hEochairbhriathra / The Key Verbs
1abairsay2aithinrecognise3aithrisimitate4amharclook5atswell6athraighchange7báighdrown8bailighgather9baincut, win10beannaighbless11beirbear12bíbe13isthe copula14bogmove15brisbreak16brúighpress, push17cailllose18caithspend, wear19castwist, turn20ceangailtie21ceannaighbuy22cloíghdefeat23clois = cluin Uhear24codailsleep25coinnighkeep26cruaighharden27cruinnighcollect28cuirput29dathaighcolour30déando, make31díolsell32dírighstraighten33dóighburn34druidclose, shut35dúisighwake up36dúnclose, shut37eagraighorganise38éirighget up39éistlisten40fágleave41faighget42fanwait43fásgrow44feicsee45feoighrot, decay46fiafraighask, enquire47fill = pill Ureturn48fliuchwet, soak49foghlaimlearn, teach50foilsighpublish51freagairanswer52freastailattend53géillyield54glanclean55goirtighsalt, pickle56gortaighhurt, injure57iarrask, request58imighleave, go off59imirplay (game)60inistell61iompaircarry62ionsaighattack63itheat64labhairspeak65laslight66léighread67liglet, permit68maraighkill69meathwither, rot70milldestroy, ruin71mínighexplain72mionnaighswear73molpraise74múscailwake up75neartaighstrengthen76nighwash77oiltrain, rear78óldrink79ordaighorder80oscail=foscail Uopen81pacáilpack82pósmarry83rithrun84roinn = ranndivide85sábháilsave86scanraighfrighten87scaoilshoot, loosen88scríobhwrite89seachainavoid90seasstand91sínstretch92sínighsign93siúilwalk94smaoinighthink95socraigharrange96stampáilstamp97suighsit98tabhairgive99tagairrefer100taispeáinshow101taistiltravel102taitinshine103tarcome104tarraingpull, draw105teanntighten106téighgo107tiomáindrive108titfall109tóglift110tosaighbegin111tráchtmention112triomaighdry113tuigunderstand114tuirsightire, exhaust115ullmhaighprepareRéamhrá / Introduction
Más foghlaimeoir thú nó más ag iarraidh an mheirg a bhaint de do chuid Gaeilge nó ag ullmhú do scrúduithe atá tú, tá an dá imleabhar Easy Learning Irish Verbs agus a chomhleabhar sraithe Easy Learning Irish Grammar, anseo le cuidiú leat.
Is féidir leis an téarmaíocht theicniúil bac a chur ar fhoghlaimeoirí atá ag iarraidh eolas a chur ar ghramadach theanga nua, ach mínítear na téarmaí seo ina n-iomláine san Easy Learning Irish Grammar. Is uirlis ghasta thagartha é an leabhar Easy Learning Irish Verbs a chuireann táblaí briathra ar fáil don bhunfhoghlaimeoir agus fiú don chainteoir líofa a úsáideann an teanga ar bhonn laethúil ar bhealach simplí soiléir.
Tá Easy Learning Irish Verbs struchtúrtha i ranna a éascóidh úsáid agus tuiscint na mbriathra duit.
Sa chéad roinn tugtar táblaí do 115 eochairbhriathar (idir rialta agus neamhrialta) ina dtugtar na seacht n-aimsir agus modh éagsúla – mar aon leis an ghas/fhréamh, leis an ainm briathartha, agus leis an aidiacht bhriathartha. Is iad an gas agus an t-ainm briathartha an dá chuid is tábhachtaí de bhriathar ar bith – agus cé go n-úsáidtear an aidiacht bhriathartha mar ‘aidiacht’, feicfear níos minice é mar ‘rangabháil chaite’ leis na na haimsirí éagsúla foirfe a dhéanamh. In Aguisín A, i ndiaidh na dtáblaí, tugtar leaganacha Béarla do na leaganacha difriúla den bhriathar a réimnítear i nGaeilge sna táblaí – agus úsáidtear an briathar glan ‘clean’ mar shampla.
Is sa Chaighdeán Oifigiúil a thugtar príomhtháblaí na mbriathra – bíodh go liostáiltear príomhleaganacha canúnacha mar fhonótaí sna táblaí céanna do na trí mhórchanúint: Cúige Uladh, Cúige Chonnacht agus Cúige Mumhan. Cuideoidh seo leis an úsáideoir eolas a chur ar an Chaighdeán Oifigiúil agus ar Gaeilge bheo na Gaeltachta a chluintear go minic fosta sna meáin chumarsáide agus a léitear i litríocht réigiúnach na Nua-Ghaeilge.
Cuireann Achoimre Gramadaí críoch leis an imleabhar seo de Easy Learning Irish Verbs.
Tugann Easy Learning Irish Grammar céim níos faide thú leis an fhoghlaim. Is forlíonadh é ar an méid eolais atá ar fáil in Easy Learning Irish Verbs ag tabhairt tuilleadh léirithe agus treoracha ar úsáid na mbriathra, gan trácht ar ghnéithe eile de ghramadach na Gaeilge. Is cinnte go gcuideoidh an dá leabhar Easy Learning IrishVerbs agus Easy Learning Irish Grammar leatsa, mar fhoghlaimeoir, agus tú ag tabhairt faoin Ghaeilge.
Whether you are starting to learn Irish for the very first time, brushing up your language skills or revising for your exams, the Easy Learning Irish Verbs and its companion volume, the Easy Learning Irish Grammar, are here to help.
Newcomers can sometimes struggle with the technical terms they come across when they start to explore the grammar of a new language but these are explained fully in the Easy Learning Irish Grammar. The Easy Learning Irish Verbs is a handy reference source which presents verb tables for the learner and everyday language user in a simple, uncluttered manner.
Easy Learning IrishVerbs is divided into sections to help you become confident in using and understanding Irish verbs. The first section consists of the verb tables for 115 key Irish verbs (regular and irregular) which are given in full for the various seven tenses and moods – complete with the stem, the verbal noun plus the verbal adjective. The stem and the verbal noun (or infinitive) are the two most important parts of any verb. While the verbal adjective may be used as an ‘adjective’, it will appear more commonly as a ‘past participle’ in forming the various perfect tenses. Appendix A follows the verb tables and gives clear-cut information on the different parts of the Irish verbs conjugated by providing full parallel English translations of all the verbal forms for the sample verb glan ‘clean’.
The main verb tables are presented in the Standard language – however some key variants are provided as footnotes to the tables for the three main dialects of Ulster, Connaught and Munster. This will enable the user to become acquainted with Standard Irish and with the key spoken variants in the Gaeltacht (or ‘Irish-speaking’) areas, often heard on the media, and found in the regional literature of Modern Irish.
A short Grammar Appendix rounds off the volume Easy Learning Irish Verbs.
The Easy Learning Irish Grammar takes you a step further in your language learning. It supplements the information given in the Easy Learning Irish Verbs by offering even more guidance on the usage and meaning of verbs, as well as looking at the most important aspects of Irish grammar. Together, or individually, the Easy Learning titles offer you all the help you need when learning Irish.
Táblaí na mBriathra / Verb Tables
1 abair say
2 aithin recognise
3 aithris imitate
4 amharc look
5 at swell
6 athraigh change
7 báigh drown
8 bailigh gather
9 bain cut, win
10 beannaigh bless
11 beir bear
12 bí be
13 is the copula
14 bog move
15 bris break
16 brúigh press, push
17 caill lose
18 caith spend, wear
19 cas twist, turn
20 ceangail tie
21 ceannaigh buy
22 cloígh defeat
23 clois = cluin U hear
24 codail sleep
25 coinnigh keep
26 cruaigh harden
27 cruinnigh collect
28 cuir put
29 dathaigh colour
30 déan do, make
31 díol sell
32 dírigh straighten
33 dóigh burn
34 druid close, shut
35 dúisigh wake up
36 dún close, shut
37 eagraigh organise
38 éirigh get up
39 éist listen
40 fág leave
41 faigh get
42 fan wait
43 fás grow
44 feic see
45 feoigh rot, decay
46 fiafraigh ask, enquire
47 fill = pill U return
48 fliuch wet, soak
49 foghlaim learn, teach
50 foilsigh publish
51 freagair answer
52 freastail attend
53 géill yield
54 glan clean
55 goirtigh salt, pickle
56 gortaigh hurt, injure
57 iarr ask, request
58 imigh leave, go off
59 imir play (game)
60 inis tell
61 iompair carry
62 ionsaigh attack
63 ith eat
64 labhair speak
65 las light
66 léigh read
67 lig let, permit
68 maraigh kill
69 meath wither, rot
70 mill destroy, ruin
71 mínigh explain
72 mionnaigh swear
73 mol praise
74 múscail wake up
75 neartaigh strengthen
76 nigh wash
77 oil train, rear
78 ól drink
79 ordaigh order
80 oscail=foscail U open
81 pacáil pack
82 pós marry
83 rith run
84 roinn = rann divide
85 sábháil save
86 scanraigh frighten
87 scaoil shoot, loosen
88 scríobh write
89 seachain avoid
90 seas stand
91 sín stretch
92 sínigh sign
93 siúil walk
94 smaoinigh think
95 socraigh arrange
96 stampáil stamp
97 suigh sit
98 tabhair give
99 tagair refer
100 taispeáin show
101 taistil travel
102 taitin shine
103 tar come
104 tarraing pull, draw
105 teann tighten
106 téigh go
107 tiomáin drive
108 tit fall
109 tóg lift
110 tosaigh begin
111 trácht mention
112 triomaigh dry
113 tuig understand
114 tuirsigh tire, exhaust
115 ullmhaigh prepare
1 abair say, rá, ráite
an aimsir chaite/the past tense
dúirt mé
dúirt tú
dúirt sé/sí
dúramar
dúirt sibh
dúirt siad
dúradh/húradh
ní dúirt
an ndúirt?
go ndúirt
nach ndúirt
ní dúradh/níor húradh
an ndúradh?
go/nach ndúradh
1sg dúrt/dúras, 2sg dúrais, 2pl dúrabhair M 1pl dúirt muid CU 3pl dúradar MC d’úirt, níor úirt, ar/gur/nár úirt etc., aut. húradh: níor, ar gur, nár húradh; CU
an aimsir láithreach/the present tense
deirim
deir tú
deir sé/sí
deirimid
deir sibh
deir siad
deirtear
ní deir
an ndeir?
go ndeir
nach ndeir
1pl deir muid CU 3pl deirid (siad) M rel. a deir; deireann sé dial.
var. dep. ní abrann, an abrann? etc U
an aimsir fháistineach/the future tense
déarfaidh mé
déarfaidh tú
déarfaidh sé/sí
déarfaimid
déarfaidh sibh
déarfaidh siad
déarfar
ní déarfaidh
an ndéarfaidh?
go ndéarfaidh
nach ndéarfaidh
1sg déarfad, 2sg déarfair M déarfaidh muid CU rel. a déarfas.
Dep. ní abróchaidh, go n-abróchaidh (var. abóraidh) U
an modh coinníollach/the conditional mood
déarfainn
déarfá
déarfadh sé/sí
déarfaimis
déarfadh sibh
déarfaidís
déarfaí
ní déarfadh
an ndéarfadh?
go ndéarfadh
nach ndéarfadh
1pl déarfadh muid C 3pl déarfadh siad U dep. ní abróchainn (ní abórainn),
ní abróchadh, go n-abróchadh (var. abóradh) U
an aimsir ghnáthchaite/the imperfect tense
deirinn
deirteá
deireadh sé/sí
deirimis
deireadh sibh
deiridís
deirtí
ní deireadh
an ndeireadh?
go ndeireadh
nach ndeireadh
1pl deireadh muid C 3pl deireadh siad U Ba ghnách liom a rá etc. U dep. ní abrainn, ní abradh sé, go n-abradh etc. U
an modh ordaitheach/the imperative mood
abraim
abair
abradh sé/sí
abraimis
abraigí
abraidís
abairtear
ná habair
3pl abradh siad U
an foshuiteach láithreach/the present subjunctive
go ndeire mé
go ndeire tú
go ndeire sé/sí
go ndeirimid
go ndeire sibh
go ndeire siad
go ndeirtear
nár deire
1pl go ndeire muid, go n-abra etc CU
2 aithin recognise, aithint, aitheanta
an aimsir chaite/the past tense
d’aithin mé
d’aithin tú
d’aithin sé/sí
d’aithníomar
d’aithin sibh
d’aithin siad
aithníodh/haithníodh
níor aithin
ar aithin?
gur aithin
nár aithin
níor aithníodh/níor haithníodh
ar aithníodh?
gur/nár aithníodh
1sg d(h)’aithníos, 2sg d(h)’aithnís, 2pl d(h)’aithníobhair M 1pl d’aithin muid UC 3pl d’aithníodar MC aut. haithníodh MCU
an aimsir láithreach/the present tense
aithním
aithníonn tú
aithníonn sé/sí
aithnímid
aithníonn sibh
aithníonn siad
aithnítear
ní aithníonn
an aithníonn?
go n-aithníonn
nach n-aithníonn
1pl aithníonn muid C 3pl aithníd (siad) M aithnim, aithneann sé, muid etc. U rel. a aithníos/a aithneas
