The Divorce of Catherine of Aragon

67

Casalis to Wolsey, June 13, 1529. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, pp. 2507-8.

68

Mendoza to Charles V., June 17, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 96.

69

Campeggio to Salviati, June 16, 1529. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 2509.

70

Wolsey to Casalis, June 22, 1529. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 2526.

71

“La mas necia y bellaca carta que se pudiera hacer en el Infierno.”

72

Mai to Charles V., August 4, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, page 155 (abridged).

73

Same to the same, August 28. —Ibid. p. 182.

74

Benet, Casalis, and Vannes to Henry VIII. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. pp. 2567-8.

75

Campeggio to Salviati, June 29, 1529. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 2538.

76

Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 2581.

77

Mai to Charles V., Sept. 3, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 195.

78

This was not an idle boast. A united army of French and English might easily have marched across the Alps; and nothing would have pleased Francis better than to have led such an army, with his brother of England at his side, to drive out the Emperor.

79

Wolsey to Benet, etc., July 27. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 2591.

80

Paget to Petre. —State Papers, Henry VIII., vol. x. p. 466.

81

Chapuys to the Regent Margaret, Sept. 18, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 214.

82

Chapuys to Charles V., Sept. 2. —Spanish Calendar, vol. v. part 2, p. 225.

83

Ibid. p. 229.

84

Chapuys to Charles V., Sept. 2, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. vi. part 1, pp. 236-7.

85

Ibid. p. 236.

86

Ibid. p. 274.

87

Chapuys to Charles V., Sept. 2, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. vi. part 1, p. 294.

88

The transcripts of these documents were furnished to me by the late Sir Francis Palgrave, who was then Keeper of the Records.

89

Cardinal Wolsey and Lord Darcy, July 1, 1529. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. pp. 2548-62.

90

Du Bellay to Montmorency, Oct. 17, 1529. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. pt. 3, p. 2675.

91

Chapuys to the Emperor, Oct. 25, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. pt. 1, p. 304.

92

Hen. VIII. to Campeggio, Oct. 22, 1529. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 2677.

93

To Salviati, Nov. 5. —Ibid. p. 2702.

94

Hen. VIII. to Clement VII. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 2660.

95

Casalis to Henry VIII., Dec. 26, 1529. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 2722.

96

Chapuys to Charles V., Dec. 6, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 344.

97

Ibid.

98

Chapuys to Charles V., Dec. 6, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 351.

99

Charles V. to Ferdinand, Jan. 11, 1530. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 2742.

100

Chapuys to Charles V., Dec. 9, 1529 —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 359.

101

Ibid. p. 361.

102

Ibid. p. 366.

103

Chapuys to Charles V., Dec. 9, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 367.

104

Ibid. p. 368.

105

Chapuys to Charles V., Dec. 9, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 369.

106

Wolsey to Gardiner, Jan. 1530. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 2763.

107

Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 6, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. pp. 449-50.

108

Chapuys to Charles V. Jan. 31, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. p. 387.

109

Charles V. to Ferdinand, Jan. 11, 1530. —Ibid. vol. iv. part 1, pp. 405-6.

110

Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 6, 1530. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol, iv. p. 2780.

111

Bishop of Tarbes to Francis I., from Bologna, March 27, 1530. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 2826.

112

Chapuys to Charles V., Dec. 31, 1529. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 394.

113

Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 12, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 417.

114

Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 20, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 436.

115

Ibid. April 23, 1530, p. 511.

116

Chapuys to Charles V., April 23, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 533.

117

Ibid. p. 600.

118

“J’ay reçeu lettres du medicin du Cardinal, par lesquelles il m’advertit que son maystre pour non sçavoir en quelles termes sont les affaires de la Reyne, il ne scauroit particulierement quel conseil donner et que estant informe, il y vouldroit donner conseil et addresse comme ce estoit pour gagner paradis. Car de la depend son bien, honneur et repoz, et qu’il lui semble pour maintenant que l’on debvroyt proceder a plus grandes censures et a la invocation du bras seculier. Car maintenant il n’y a nul nerf.”

119

T. Arundel to Wolsey, Oct. 16, 1530. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 3013.

120

Chapuys to Charles V., Nov. 27, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 3035.

121

Anne Boleyn.

122

Chapuys to Charles V., July 11, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 630.

123

Mai to Charles V., Oct. 2 and Oct. 10, 1530. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. pp. 3002, 3009.

124

Answer of the Pope, Sept. 27, 1530. —Ibid. p. 2291.

125

Chapuys to Charles V., Sept. 4, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 707.

126

Chapuys to Charles, Sept. 20, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 726.

127

Chapuys to Charles V., Oct. 1, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 734.

128

Chapuys to Charles V., Oct. 1, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 734.

129

Chapuys to Charles V., Oct. 15, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 759.

130

Henry VIII. to Clement VII., Dec. 6, 1530. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. iv. p. 3055.

131

Chapuys to Charles V., Dec. 21, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 853.

132

Ibid.

133

Catherine to the Pope, Dec. 17, 1530. —Ibid. p. 855.

134

Catherine to the Pope, December 17, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 855.

135

Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 1, 1531. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 10.

136

Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 12.

137

Chapuys to Charles, Dec. 21, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 854.

138

Chapuys to Charles V., January 13, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 22.

139

Chapuys to Charles V., January 13, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 23.

140

Ibid. p. 26.

141

Muxetula to Charles V., Jan. 12, 1531. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 18.

142

Mai to Covos, Feb. 13, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 59.

143

Chapuys to the Emperor, Jan. 23, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 39.

144

Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 14, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 63.

145

Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 21, 1530. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 69; and Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 49. There are a few verbal differences between the two versions.

146

Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 21, 1530. —Ibid.

147

Chapuys to Charles V., March 22, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 94. Ibid.—Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 68.

148

Micer Mai to Covos, March 28, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 105. Ortiz to the Archbishop of Santiago, April 11, 1531. —Ibid. p. 116.

149

Queen Catherine to the Emperor, April 5, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 112.

150

Micer Mai to Charles V., April 21, 1531. —Ibid. p. 130.

151

Chapuys to Charles V., April 2, 1531. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 83.

152

Micer Mai to Charles V., May 25, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 165.

153

Chapuys to Charles V., June 6, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 170.

154

Chapuys to Charles V., June 6, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 172.

155

Answer to the Papal Legate respecting the Cause of England, July, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 203.

156

Chapuys to Charles V., June 24, 1531. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. pp. 144-5.

157

The Emperor’s Answer to the Legate, July 26, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 218.

158

Catherine’s phrase for the excommunication of her husband.

159

Queen Catherine to Charles V., July 28. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 220.

160

Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 239.

161

Chapuys to Charles V., January 4, 1532. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 335.

162

Chapuys to Charles V., October 1, 1531 —Spanish Calendar, vol. v. part 2, p. 256.

163

Mai to Covos, Oct. 24, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 276.

164

Ibid.

165

Chapuys to Charles V., Oct. 16, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 263.

166

Catherine to Charles V., Nov. 6, 1531. —Ib. p. 279. I must remind the reader that I have to compress the substance both of this and many other letters.

167

Chapuys to Charles V., Dec. 4, 1531. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 320.

168

Mai to Charles V., Dec. 12. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 328.

169

Catherine to Charles V., Dec. 15, 1531. —Ib. p. 331.

170

Mai to the Emperor, Jan. 15, 1532 —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 360.

171

Clement VII. to Henry VIII., Jan. 25, 1532. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 358.

172

Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 368.

173

Henry VIII. to the Bishop of Durham, Feb. 24, 1532. Compressed. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 387.

174

Archbishop Warham, 1532. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 541.

175

History of England, vol. i. p. 322, etc.

176

Carlo Capello to the Signory, July 10, 1532. —Venetian Calendar, vol. iv. p. 342.

177

Chapuys to Charles V., May 13, 1532. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 446.

178

“Le Roy et son Conseil sçavoient bien qu’il y en avoient à faire sans vouloir mestre le chat entre les jambes dautres.” Chapuys to the Emperor, Feb. 14, 1532. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 384; Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 381.

179

Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 28, 1532. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 392.

180

An address purporting to have been presented by Convocation on this occasion, not only complaining of the annates, but inviting a complete separation from the See of Rome, was perhaps no more than a draft submitted to the already sorely humiliated body, and not accepted by it. —History of England, vol. i. p. 332-3. The French Ambassador says distinctly that the clergy agreed to nothing, but their refusal was treated as of no consequence.

181

Chapuys to Charles V., May 22, 1532. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 476.

182

Maître d’hôtel to the Emperor, and Governor of Brescia.

183

Montfalconet to Charles V., May, 1532. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 479.

184

Chapuys to the Emperor, April 16, 1532. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 425. In 1499 Louis XII. repudiated his first wife, Jeanne de France, and married Anne of Brittany, widow of Charles VIII.

185

Spanish Calendar, vol iv. part 1, p. 447.

186

Ortiz to Charles V., May, 1532. —Ibid. p. 438.

187

Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 539.

188

Ortiz to Charles V., July 28, 1532. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 486.

189

Ortiz to Charles V., July 28, 1532. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 414.

190

Ortiz to Charles V., July 28, 1532. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 469.

191

Charles V. to Mary of Hungary, Nov. 7, 1532. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 642.

192

Chapuys to Charles V., Oct. 1, 1532. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 592.

193

Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 512.

194

Ortiz to the Emperor, Sept. 30, 1532. —Ib. p. 533.

195

Instructions to Cardinal Grammont and Tournon, Nov. 13, 1532. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 648.

196

Chapuys to Charles V., Nov. 10. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 644.

197

Ibid. p. 667.

198

To the Emperor, Nov. 11. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 554.

199

Queen Catherine to Chapuys, Nov. 22, 1532. —Compressed Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 291. The editor dates this letter Nov. 1531. He has mistaken the year. No report had gone abroad that the King was married to Anne before his return from France.

200

Clement VII. to Henry VIII., Nov. 15, 1532; second date, Dec. 23. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. v. p. 650.

201

Ortiz to the Empress, Jan. 19, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, pp. 579-80.

202

Carlo Capello to the Signory, March 15, 1533. —Venetian Calendar, vol. iv. p. 389.

203

Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 9, 1533, vol. vi. p. 62. The same letter will be found in the Spanish Calendar, with some differences in the translation. The original French is in parts obscure.

204

Chapuys to the Emperor, Feb. 23, 1533. Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 1, p. 609.

205

Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 65.

206

Ghinucci and Lee to Henry VIII., March 11, 1533. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 100.

207

More to Erasmus. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 144.

208

Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 15. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 73. Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 600.

209

Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 9, 1533. Compressed. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, pp. 592-600.

210

Chapuys here mentions this very curious fact: “The Earl of Wiltshire,” he wrote on Feb. 15, “has never declared himself up to this moment. On the contrary, he has hitherto, as the Duke of Norfolk has frequently told me, tried to dissuade the King rather than otherwise from the marriage.” —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 602.

211

Henry VIII. to Francis I., March 11, 1533. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 103.

212

Chapuys to Charles V., March 11, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 619.

213

Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, April 21, 1533, vol. iv. p. 171.

214

Chapuys to Charles V., March 31. —Ibid. vol. vi. p. 128.

215

Chapuys to Charles V., March 31. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 128.

216

Dr. Ortiz to Charles V., April 14, 1533. —Ibid. pp. 159-60.

217

Chapuys to Charles V., March 31, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 626.

218

Chapuys to Charles V., April 10, 1533. Compressed. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. pp. 149-51. Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 630.

219

Chapuys to Charles V., April 16, 1533. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 163, etc., abridged. Also Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 635.

220

I have related elsewhere the story of the Dunstable trial, and do not repeat it. —History of England, vol. i, pp. 417-423.

221

Chapuys to Charles V., April 27, 1533. Abridged. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv, part 2, p. 648.

222

Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, pp. 650-658.

223

The Count de Cifuentes to Charles V., May 7, 1533. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. pp. 203-4.

224

Ibid., May 10.

225

Ortiz to Charles V., May 3, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 659.

226

Chapuys to Charles V., May 18, 1533. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. pp. 225-6.

227

Chapuys to Henry VIII., May 5, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 668.

228

Cranmer had sworn the usual oath, but with a reservation that his first duty was to his Sovereign and the laws of his country.

229

Chapuys to Charles V., May 26, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 687.

230

Chapuys to Charles V., May 29, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 699.

231

Cifuentes to Charles V., May 29, 1533. —Ibid. p. 702.

232

The Cardinal of Jaen to Charles V., June 16, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 709.

233

Davalos to Charles V., June 30 and July 5, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, pp. 725-728.

234

Ibid.

235

Davalos to Charles V., June 30 and July 5, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 749.

236

Ibid. p. 734.

237

Chapuys to Charles V., June 28, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, pp. 718-20.

238

Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 399.

239

Chapuys to Charles V., Aug. 3, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, pp. 759-60.

240

Chapuys to Granvelle, Nov. 21, 1535. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. 9, p. 289.

241

Chapuys to Charles V., Aug. 23, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 777.

242

Chapuys to Charles V., Sept. 10, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 789.

243

Ibid. p. 788.

244

Chapuys to Charles V., Nov. 3, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 842.

245

The King’s infirmities were not a secret. In 1533, upon Elizabeth’s birth, a Señor de Gambaro, who was an intimate friend of the Duke of Norfolk, wrote at Rome for Cifuentes a curious account of the situation and prospects of things in England. Among other observations he says: “The [expected] child will be weak, owing to his father’s condition.” Avisos de las Cosas de Inglaterra dados por Sr. de Gambaro en Roma. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 683.

246

Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 486. Spanish Calendar, vol. vi. part 2, p. 813.

247

Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 486. Spanish Calendar, vol. vi. part 2, p. 813.

248

News from Flanders. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 493.

249

I. e. the calling in the secular arm, which had not been actually done in the Brief de Attentatis.

250

Chapuys to Charles V., Oct. 10, 1533. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 511.

251

Ibid.

252

Cifuentes to Charles V., Oct. 23, 1533. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 534.

253

Ibid.

254

The Papal Nuncio to Charles V., Oct. 22. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 830.

255

Chapuys to Charles V., Nov. 3, 1533. —Ibid. pp. 839-41.

256

Chapuys to Charles V., Dec. 6, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 871.

257

Chapuys to Charles V., Nov. 20, 1533. —Spanish Calendar, vol. iv. part 2, p. 859. Catherine to Charles V., Nov. 21. —Calendar, Foreign and Domestic, vol. vi. p. 578.