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The Road. Аудирование на 50000+ английских слов с текстовым сопровождением
The Road
Аудирование на 50000+ английских слов с текстовым сопровождением
Джек Лондон
Дизайнер обложки Татьяна Олива Моралес
Составитель Татьяна Олива Моралес
© Джек Лондон, 2020
© Татьяна Олива Моралес, дизайн обложки, 2020
ISBN 978-5-0051-1462-4
Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero
Аудирование
Знание английского языка на уровнях С2 предполагает овладение словарным запасом не менее 10 000 – 20 000 слов, всей нормативной грамматикой; а также свободное восприятие английской / американской речи на слух.
Свободное восприятие английской / американской речи на слух
Аудирование – самая сложная, но при этом неотъемлемая составляющая, с которой приходится сталкиваться при изучении английского языка. Однако, данную проблему можно решить, если ежедневно «погружать» себя в английскую и американскую речь. Для этого в интернете есть масса возможностей.
Смотрите европейское телевидение https://www.presstv.com/Live
Слушайте английское https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service или американское радио https://www.radio.net/s/msnbc
Смотрите фильмы с субтитрами https://yomovies.club/
Помимо этого, проблему с аудированием эффективно и сравнительно быстро помогают решить подкасты, содержащие английские / американские тексты с аудио приложениями. Два таких подкаста предлагает вам данное учебное пособие.
Аннотация
В книге дан сборник американских рассказов «The Road» для чтения, перевода, пересказа и аудирования. Пособие содержит 50 931 английское слово. Рекомендуется широкому кругу лиц, изучающих английский язык, начиная с уровня В2 и выше. Цель книг данной серии – решить проблему слабого восприятия / не восприятия английской / американской речи на слух. Советую вам прорабатывать представленный материал неспеша, но обязательно тщательно и ежедневно.
Об авторе произведения
Джек Ло́ндон – американский писатель и журналист, военный корреспондент, общественный деятель, социалист. Наиболее известен как автор приключенческих рассказов и романов. Родился: 12 января 1876 г., Сан-Франциско, Калифорния, США. Умер: 22 ноября 1916 г., Глен Эллен, Калифорния, США. Полное имя: John Griffith Chaney.
Количество слов, которое необходимо знать для следующих целей использования иностранного языка
Комментарий автора
Считается, что на уровне носителя языка (С2) лексический запас должен составлять не менее 10 000 – 20 000 слов. Давайте разберёмся, что именно это означает, чтобы не строить себе лишних иллюзий.
В данном случае речь идёт именно об активном словарном запасе, а не о пассивном. Активным словарным запасом является тот набор слов, которым говорящий пользуется ежедневно.
Пассивным словарным запасом являются слова и выражения, которые их носитель без труда распознаёт в текстах или речи, и с лёгкостью переводит на свой родной язык, избегая, при этом, их употребления.
От составителя
Данное учебное пособие может быть использовано в качестве самоучителя. Если вам необходимы дополнительные консультации или занятия, вы всегда можете обратиться ко мне. Возможны консультации / занятия очно и по Skype.
Мои контактные данные
Тел. 8 925 184 37 07
Skype: oliva-morales
E-mail: oliva-morales@mail.ru
Сайты:
https://lronline.ru
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С уважением,Татьяна Олива МоралесКак работать над сборником рассказов
1. Прочитайте текст, переведите его на русский язык, выпишите и выучите все новые слова и выражения.
2. Перескажите содержание близко к тексту.
3. Прослушайте запись, соответствующую тексту, сопоставляя слова в тексте с их соответствиями в аудиозаписи.
Ссылка на аудиозапись https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dU4m1kERYGg
* Ваша цель добиться полного понимания при сопоставлении слов из текста с их соответствиями в аудиозаписи.
THE ROAD
By Jack London
1907
(New York: Macmillan)
TO
JOSIAH FLYNT
The Real Thing, Blowed in the Glass
Confession
There is a woman in the state of Nevada to whom I once lied continuously, consistently, and shamelessly, for the matter of a couple of hours. I don’t want to apologize to her. Far be it from me. But I do want to explain. Unfortunately, I do not know her name, much less her present address. If her eyes should chance upon these lines, I hope she will write to me.
It was in Reno, Nevada, in the summer of 1892. Also, it was fair-time, and the town was filled with petty crooks and tin-horns, to say nothing of a vast and hungry horde of hoboes. It was the hungry hoboes that made the town a «hungry» town. They «battered» the back doors of the homes of the citizens until the back doors became unresponsive.
A hard town for «scoffings,» was what the hoboes called it at that time. I know that I missed many a meal, in spite of the fact that I could «throw my feet» with the next one when it came to «slamming a gate» for a «poke-out» or a «set-down,» or hitting for a «light piece» on the street. Why, I was so hard put in that town, one day, that I gave the porter the slip and invaded the private car of some itinerant millionnaire.
The train started as I made the platform, and I headed for the aforesaid millionnaire with the porter one jump behind and reaching for me. It was a dead heat, for I reached the millionnaire at the same instant that the porter reached me. I had no time for formalities.
«Gimme a quarter to eat on,» I blurted out.
And as I live, that millionnaire dipped into his pocket and gave me… just… precisely… a quarter. It is my conviction that he was so flabbergasted that he obeyed automatically, and it has been a matter of keen regret ever since, on my part, that I didn’t ask him for a dollar. I know that I’d have got it. I swung off the platform of that private car with the porter manoeuvring to kick me in the face.
He missed me. One is at a terrible disadvantage when trying to swing off the lowest step of a car and not break his neck on the right of way, with, at the same time, an irate Ethiopian on the platform above trying to land him in the face with a number eleven. But I got the quarter! I got it!
But to return to the woman to whom I so shamelessly lied. It was in the evening of my last day in Reno. I had been out to the race-track watching the ponies run, and had missed my dinner (i.e. the mid-day meal). I was hungry, and, furthermore, a committee of public safety had just been organized to rid the town of just such hungry mortals as I.
Already a lot of my brother hoboes had been gathered in by John Law, and I could hear the sunny valleys of California calling to me over the cold crests of the Sierras. Two acts remained for me to perform before I shook the dust of Reno from my feet. One was to catch the blind baggage on the westbound overland that night.
The other was first to get something to eat. Even youth will hesitate at an all-night ride, on an empty stomach, outside a train that is tearing the atmosphere through the snow-sheds, tunnels, and eternal snows of heaven-aspiring mountains.
But that something to eat was a hard proposition. I was «turned down» at a dozen houses. Sometimes I received insulting remarks and was informed of the barred domicile that should be mine if I had my just deserts. The worst of it was that such assertions were only too true. That was why I was pulling west that night. John Law was abroad in the town, seeking eagerly for the hungry and homeless, for by such was his barred domicile tenanted.
At other houses the doors were slammed in my face, cutting short my politely and humbly couched request for something to eat. At one house they did not open the door. I stood on the porch and knocked, and they looked out at me through the window. They even held one sturdy little boy aloft so that he could see over the shoulders of his elders the tramp who wasn’t going to get anything to eat at their house.
It began to look as if I should be compelled to go to the very poor for my food. The very poor constitute the last sure recourse of the hungry tramp. The very poor can always be depended upon. They never turn away the hungry. Time and again, all over the United States, have I been refused food by the big house on the hill; and always have I received food from the little shack down by the creek or marsh, with its broken windows stuffed with rags and its tired-faced mother broken with labor.
Oh, you charity-mongers! Go to the poor and learn, for the poor alone are the charitable. They neither give nor withhold from their excess. They have no excess. They give, and they withhold never, from what they need for themselves, and very often from what they cruelly need for themselves. A bone to the dog is not charity. Charity is the bone shared with the dog when you are just as hungry as the dog.
There was one house in particular where I was turned down that evening. The porch windows opened on the dining room, and through them I saw a man eating pie – a big meat-pie. I stood in the open door, and while he talked with me, he went on eating. He was prosperous, and out of his prosperity had been bred resentment against his less fortunate brothers.
He cut short my request for something to eat, snapping out, «I don’t believe you want to work.»
Now this was irrelevant. I hadn’t said anything about work. The topic of conversation I had introduced was «food.» In fact, I didn’t want to work. I wanted to take the westbound overland that night.
«You wouldn’t work if you had a chance,» he bullied.
I glanced at his meek-faced wife, and knew that but for the presence of this Cerberus I’d have a whack at that meat-pie myself. But Cerberus sopped himself in the pie, and I saw that I must placate him if I were to get a share of it. So I sighed to myself and accepted his work-morality.
«Of course I want work,» I bluffed.
«Don’t believe it,» he snorted.
«Try me,» I answered, warming to the bluff.
«All right,» he said. «Come to the corner of blank and blank streets» – (I have forgotten the address) – «to-morrow morning. You know where that burned building is, and I’ll put you to work tossing bricks.»
«All right, sir; I’ll be there.»
He grunted and went on eating. I waited. After a couple of minutes he looked up with an I-thought-you-were-gone expression on his face, and demanded:—
«Well?»
«I… I am waiting for something to eat,» I said gently.
«I knew you wouldn’t work!» he roared.
He was right, of course; but his conclusion must have been reached by mind-reading, for his logic wouldn’t bear it out. But the beggar at the door must be humble, so I accepted his logic as I had accepted his morality.
«You see, I am now hungry,» I said still gently. «To-morrow morning I shall be hungrier. Think how hungry I shall be when I have tossed bricks all day without anything to eat. Now if you will give me something to eat, I’ll be in great shape for those bricks.»
He gravely considered my plea, at the same time going on eating, while his wife nearly trembled into propitiatory speech, but refrained.
«I’ll tell you what I’ll do,» he said between mouthfuls. «You come to work to-morrow, and in the middle of the day I’ll advance you enough for your dinner. That will show whether you are in earnest or not.»
«In the meantime – » I began; but he interrupted.
«If I gave you something to eat now, I’d never see you again. Oh, I know your kind. Look at me. I owe no man. I have never descended so low as to ask any one for food. I have always earned my food. The trouble with you is that you are idle and dissolute. I can see it in your face. I have worked and been honest. I have made myself what I am. And you can do the same, if you work and are honest.»
«Like you?» I queried.
Alas, no ray of humor had ever penetrated the sombre work-sodden soul of that man.
«Yes, like me,» he answered.
«All of us?» I queried.
«Yes, all of you,» he answered, conviction vibrating in his voice.
«But if we all became like you,» I said, «allow me to point out that there’d be nobody to toss bricks for you.»
I swear there was a flicker of a smile in his wife’s eye. As for him, he was aghast – but whether at the awful possibility of a reformed humanity that would not enable him to get anybody to toss bricks for him, or at my impudence, I shall never know.
«I’ll not waste words on you,» he roared. «Get out of here, you ungrateful whelp!»
I scraped my feet to advertise my intention of going, and queried:—
«And I don’t get anything to eat?»
He arose suddenly to his feet. He was a large man. I was a stranger in a strange land, and John Law was looking for me. I went away hurriedly.
«But why ungrateful?» I asked myself as I slammed his gate. «What in the dickens did he give me to be ungrateful about?»
I looked back. I could still see him through the window. He had returned to his pie.
By this time I had lost heart. I passed many houses by without venturing up to them. All houses looked alike, and none looked «good.» After walking half a dozen blocks I shook off my despondency and gathered my «nerve.» This begging for food was all a game, and if I didn’t like the cards, I could always call for a new deal. I made up my mind to tackle the next house. I approached it in the deepening twilight, going around to the kitchen door.
I knocked softly, and when I saw the kind face of the middle-aged woman who answered, as by inspiration came to me the «story» I was to tell. For know that upon his ability to tell a good story depends the success of the beggar. First of all, and on the instant, the beggar must «size up» his victim. After that, he must tell a story that will appeal to the peculiar personality and temperament of that particular victim. And right here arises the great difficulty: in the instant that he is sizing up the victim he must begin his story. Not a minute is allowed for preparation. As in a lightning flash he must divine the nature of the victim and conceive a tale that will hit home.
The successful hobo must be an artist. He must create spontaneously and instantaneously – and not upon a theme selected from the plenitude of his own imagination, but upon the theme he reads in the face of the person who opens the door, be it man, woman, or child, sweet or crabbed, generous or miserly, good-natured or cantankerous, Jew or Gentile, black or white, race-prejudiced or brotherly, provincial or universal, or whatever else it may be.
I have often thought that to this training of my tramp days is due much of my success as a story-writer. In order to get the food whereby I lived, I was compelled to tell tales that rang true. At the back door, out of inexorable necessity, is developed the convincingness and sincerity laid down by all authorities on the art of the short-story. Also, I quite believe it was my tramp-apprenticeship that made a realist out of me. Realism constitutes the only goods one can exchange at the kitchen door for grub.
After all, art is only consummate artfulness, and artfulness saves many a «story.» I remember lying in a police station at Winnipeg, Manitoba. I was bound west over the Canadian Pacific. Of course, the police wanted my story, and I gave it to them – on the spur of the moment. They were landlubbers, in the heart of the continent, and what better story for them than a sea story? They could never trip me up on that. And so I told a tearful tale of my life on the hell-ship Glenmore. (I had once seen the Glenmore lying at anchor in San Francisco Bay.)
I was an English apprentice, I said. And they said that I didn’t talk like an English boy. It was up to me to create on the instant. I had been born and reared in the United States. On the death of my parents, I had been sent to England to my grandparents. It was they who had apprenticed me on the Glenmore. I hope the captain of the Glenmore will forgive me, for I gave him a character that night in the Winnipeg police station. Such cruelty! Such brutality! Such diabolical ingenuity of torture! It explained why I had deserted the Glenmore at Montreal.
But why was I in the middle of Canada going west, when my grandparents lived in England? Promptly I created a married sister who lived in California. She would take care of me. I developed at length her loving nature. But they were not done with me, those hard-hearted policemen. I had joined the Glenmore in England; in the two years that had elapsed before my desertion at Montreal, what had the Glenmore done and where had she been?
And thereat I took those landlubbers around the world with me. Buffeted by pounding seas and stung with flying spray, they fought a typhoon with me off the coast of Japan. They loaded and unloaded cargo with me in all the ports of the Seven Seas. I took them to India, and Rangoon, and China, and had them hammer ice with me around the Horn and at last come to moorings at Montreal.
And then they said to wait a moment, and one policeman went forth into the night while I warmed myself at the stove, all the while racking my brains for the trap they were going to spring on me.
I groaned to myself when I saw him come in the door at the heels of the policeman. No gypsy prank had thrust those tiny hoops of gold through the ears; no prairie winds had beaten that skin into wrinkled leather; nor had snow-drift and mountain-slope put in his walk that reminiscent roll. And in those eyes, when they looked at me, I saw the unmistakable sun-wash of the sea. Here was a theme, alas! with half a dozen policemen to watch me read – I who had never sailed the China seas, nor been around the Horn, nor looked with my eyes upon India and Rangoon.
I was desperate. Disaster stalked before me incarnate in the form of that gold-ear-ringed, weather-beaten son of the sea. Who was he? What was he? I must solve him ere he solved me. I must take a new orientation, or else those wicked policemen would orientate me to a cell, a police court, and more cells. If he questioned me first, before I knew how much he knew, I was lost.
But did I betray my desperate plight to those lynx-eyed guardians of the public welfare of Winnipeg? Not I. I met that aged sailorman glad-eyed and beaming, with all the simulated relief at deliverance that a drowning man would display on finding a life-preserver in his last despairing clutch.
Here was a man who understood and who would verify my true story to the faces of those sleuth-hounds who did not understand, or, at least, such was what I endeavored to play-act. I seized upon him; I volleyed him with questions about himself. Before my judges I would prove the character of my savior before he saved me.
He was a kindly sailorman – an «easy mark.» The policemen grew impatient while I questioned him. At last one of them told me to shut up. I shut up; but while I remained shut up, I was busy creating, busy sketching the scenario of the next act. I had learned enough to go on with. He was a Frenchman. He had sailed always on French merchant vessels, with the one exception of a voyage on a «lime-juicer.» And last of all – blessed fact! – he had not been on the sea for twenty years.
The policeman urged him on to examine me.
«You called in at Rangoon?» he queried.
I nodded. «We put our third mate ashore there. Fever.»
If he had asked me what kind of fever, I should have answered, «Enteric,» though for the life of me I didn’t know what enteric was. But he didn’t ask me. Instead, his next question was:—
«And how is Rangoon?»
«All right. It rained a whole lot when we were there.»
«Did you get shore-leave?»
«Sure,» I answered. «Three of us apprentices went ashore together.»
«Do you remember the temple?»
«Which temple?» I parried.
«The big one, at the top of the stairway.»
If I remembered that temple, I knew I’d have to describe it. The gulf yawned for me.
I shook my head.
«You can see it from all over the harbor,» he informed me. «You don’t need shore-leave to see that temple.»
I never loathed a temple so in my life. But I fixed that particular temple at Rangoon.
«You can’t see it from the harbor,» I contradicted. «You can’t see it from the town. You can’t see it from the top of the stairway. Because – » I paused for the effect. «Because there isn’t any temple there.»
«But I saw it with my own eyes!» he cried.
«That was in – ?» I queried.
«Seventy-one.»
«It was destroyed in the great earthquake of 1887,» I explained. «It was very old.»
There was a pause. He was busy reconstructing in his old eyes the youthful vision of that fair temple by the sea.
«The stairway is still there,» I aided him. «You can see it from all over the harbor. And you remember that little island on the right-hand side coming into the harbor?»
I guess there must have been one there (I was prepared to shift it over to the left-hand side), for he nodded. «Gone,» I said. «Seven fathoms of water there now.»
I had gained a moment for breath. While he pondered on time’s changes, I prepared the finishing touches of my story.
«You remember the custom-house at Bombay?»
He remembered it.
«Burned to the ground,» I announced.
«Do you remember Jim Wan?» he came back at me.
«Dead,» I said; but who the devil Jim Wan was I hadn’t the slightest idea.
I was on thin ice again.
«Do you remember Billy Harper, at Shanghai?» I queried back at him quickly.
That aged sailorman worked hard to recollect, but the Billy Harper of my imagination was beyond his faded memory.
«Of course you remember Billy Harper,» I insisted. «Everybody knows him. He’s been there forty years. Well, he’s still there, that’s all.»
And then the miracle happened. The sailorman remembered Billy Harper. Perhaps there was a Billy Harper, and perhaps he had been in Shanghai for forty years and was still there; but it was news to me.
For fully half an hour longer, the sailorman and I talked on in similar fashion. In the end he told the policemen that I was what I represented myself to be, and after a night’s lodging and a breakfast I was released to wander on westward to my married sister in San Francisco.
But to return to the woman in Reno who opened her door to me in the deepening twilight. At the first glimpse of her kindly face I took my cue. I became a sweet, innocent, unfortunate lad. I couldn’t speak. I opened my mouth and closed it again. Never in my life before had I asked any one for food. My embarrassment was painful, extreme.
I was ashamed. I, who looked upon begging as a delightful whimsicality, thumbed myself over into a true son of Mrs. Grundy, burdened with all her bourgeois morality. Only the harsh pangs of the belly-need could compel me to do so degraded and ignoble a thing as beg for food. And into my face I strove to throw all the wan wistfulness of famished and ingenuous youth unused to mendicancy.
«You are hungry, my poor boy,» she said.
I had made her speak first.
