Notes and Queries, Number 63, January 11, 1851

C.H. COOPER.

Cambridge.

Farquharson on Auroræ (Vol. ii., p. 441.).—Your correspondant L. inquires about Mr. Farquharson, shepherd or minister of Alford. Whether the word translated shepherd be pasteur or not, I cannot say, as I have not either of the works he alludes to; but certain it is that the Rev. Mr. Farquharson, minister of Alford, only recently deceased, was well known as a meteorological observer; and it is to him, doubtless, that Professor Kœnitz refers.

The "other Protestant minister, Mr. James Paull, at Tullynessle," now Dr. Paull, is still in life.

S.P.

"Old Rowley" (Vol. ii., pp. 27. 74.).—Charles II. was called "Old Rowley," after Rowley, a famous horse at Newmarket; who, like the king, was the sire of stock much better looking than himself.

A. HOLT WHITE.

Tale of a Tub (Vol. i., p.326.).—Your correspondant J.O.W.H. may find some curious remarks on this subject in Sir James Mackintosh's Life of Sir Thomas More. I cannot give a precise reference; but as the book is small, the passages may be easily found.

H.G.T.

Painting by C. Bega (Vol. ii., p. 494.).—The translation of the lines is, I believe,

"We Sing certainly what is new, and have still a prize." "A Cracknel is our gain, but the ditty must first (come) out."

In modern Dutch most probably,

"Wÿ singen vast wat nienw, en hebben nog een buit. Een Krakeling is onze winst maar het Liedker moet eerst uit."

I should think there is a lake somewhere in the picture, and the lines are probably part of an old Dutch song. As to the painter C. Bega, I have at hand a Catalogue of the Munich Gallery, and find there "Cornelius Bega, geb. 1620, gest. 1664." His picture is described as "Eine Rauch- und Trinkgesellschaft belustiget sich mit Tanz in einer Schenke." In a Catalogue of the Louvre, I have the following description:

"Bega, Corneille ou Cornille, né à Harlem en 1620, mort de la peste dans la même ville en 1664; élève d'Adrien Van Ostade."

His picture is

"Intérieur d'un ménage rustique. Un homme et une femme sont assis près d'une table."

His subjects appear to be generally of the character of the painting possessed by your correspondent.

J.H.L.

Herstmonceux (Vol. ii., p. 478.).—Question 4. In the Privy Seal writs of Henry V. frequent mention is made of "nostre maison de Bethleem," a Monastery at Shene, so called because it was dedicated to "Jesus of Bethlehem." It was for forty monks of the Cistercian order.

Question 5. In the Battle of Agincourt, by Sir H. Nicolas, Sir Rover Fyene's name is given amongst the retinue of Henry V. He was accompanied by eight men-at-arms and twenty-four archers. Sir Roger "Ffynys," accompanied by ten of his men-at-arms and forty archers, also followed Henry (in the suite of Lord Willoughby d'Eresby) in his second continental expedition. (Gesta Henrici Quinti.)

B.W.

Leicester's Commonwealth (Vol. ii., p. 92).—See Gentleman's Magazine, December, 1845, for many remarks upon this work.

J.R.

Midwives Licensed (Vol. ii., p. 408.).—I find the following question among the articles of inquiry issued by Fleetwood, Bp. of St. Asaph, in the year 1710.

"Do any in your parish practise physic chyrurgery, or undertake the office of a midwife without license?"

E.H.A.

Volusenus (Vol. ii, p. 311).—Boswell, writing to Johnson from Edinburgh, Jan. 8. 1778, asks:

"Did you ever look at a book written by Wilson, a Scotchman, under the Latin name of Volusenus, according to the custom of literary men at a certain period? It is entitled De Animi Tranquillitate."

E.H.A.

[Mr. Croker, in a note on this passage, tells us that the author, Florence Wilson, born at Elgin, died near Lyons, in 1547, and wrote two or three other works of no note.—ED.]

Martin Family (Vol. ii., p. 392.).—CLERICUS asks for information touching the family of Martin, "in or near Wivenhoe, Essex." There is a large house in the village, said to have been the seat of Matthew Martin, Esq., member for Colchester in the second parliaments of George I. and II. He died in 1749. He had been a commander in the service of the East India Company. Only one party of the name now lives in the neighbourhood, but whether he is of the family or not I cannot say. He is described as "Edward Martin, Master, Royal Navy."

A.A.

Swords used in Dress (Vol. i. 415.; vol. ii. 110. 213. 388.).—Might it not have happened that swords went out of fashion after the middle of the last century, and were revived towards its close? In old prints from 1700 to 1720, they appear to have been universally worn; later they are not so general. In 1776-90, they appear again. My grandmother (born in 1760) well remembers her brother, of nearly her own age, wearing a sword, say about 1780. Some of Fielding's heroes wore "hangers."

A.A.

Clerical Costume (Vol. ii., pp. 22. 189.).—The use of scarlet cloth is popularly recommended in Berks and in Devon as a cure for the rheumatism. It should be wrapped round the "ailing" limb.

H.G.T.

Tristan d'Acunha (Vol. ii., p. 358.).—The latest and best description of this isle is to be found in A Narrative of a Nine Months' Residence in New Zealand, together with a Journal of a Residence in Tristan d'Acunha. By A. Earle. Longmans, 1832.

GOMER.

Swearing by Swans (Vol. ii., pp. 392. 451.).—Though I can give no reason why the birds of Juno should have been invoked as witnesses to an oath, the Query about them has suggested to me what may perhaps appear rather an irrelevant little note.

Cooper, in his Raven's Nest, makes Mr. Aristobulus Brag use the provincialism "I swanny;" "by which," observes the author, "I suppose he meant—I swear!" Of course, this has nothing to do with swearing by swans, more than sounding like it; argument of sound being very different from sound argument. Mr. Cooper does not seem to have given a thought to the analysis of the phrase, which is no oath, merely an innocent asseveration. "I's-a-warrant-ye" (perhaps when resolved to its ungrammatical elements, "I is a warranty to ye") proceeds through "I's-a-warnd-ye," "I's-warn-ye" (all English provincialisms,) to its remote transatlantic ultimatum of debasement in "I swanny."

G.J. CAYLEY.

Mildew in Books (Vol. ii., p. 103).—In reply to B., who inquires for a prevention for mildew in books, I send the following receipt, which I have copied from a book containing many others:—"Take a feather dipt in spirits of wine, and lightly wash over the backs and covers. To prevent mould, put a little into writing ink."

Another to take mildew out of linen.—"Mix powdered starch and soft soap with half the quantity of bay salt; mix it with vinegar, and lay it on both sides with a painter's brush. Then let it lie in the open air till the spots are out."

J.R.

"Swinging Tureen," (Vol. i., pp. 246. 307. 406.).—

    "Next crowne the bowle full    With gentle lamb's-woollAdde sugar, nutmeg, and ginger,    With store of ale too;    And thus must ye doeTo make the wassaile a swinger."Herrick, cited in Ellis' Brand, ed. 1849, vol. i. p. 26.

By the way, is not the "lanycoll" (so called, I presume, from the froth like wool (lana) at the neck (collum) of the vessel), mentioned in the old ballad of "King Edward and the Shepherd" (Hartshorne's Met. Tales, p. 54.), the same beverage as "lamb's-wool?"

H.G.T.

Totness Church (Vol. ii., pp. 376. 452.).—My thanks are due to your correspondent S.S.S. for kindly furnishing information as to the singular arched passage mentioned in a former note, which drew my attention as a casual visitor, and which certainly appears to be the "iter processionale" referred to in the will of William Ryder. Any information as to the subject of the good woman's tradition would be very acceptable. Perhaps S.S.S. will allow me, in return for his satisfactory explanation of the "dark passage" in question, to over a very luminous passage in confirmation of his view of Goldsmith's.

H.G.T.

Lights on the Altar (Vol. ii., p. 495.).—In the 42nd canon of those enacted under King Edgar (Thorpe's Ancient Laws and Institutes of England, vol. ii. pp. 252-3.) we find:—

"Let there be always burning lights in the church when mass is singing."

And in the 14th of the canons of Ælfric (pp. 348-9. of the same volume):—

"Acoluthus he is called, who bears the candle or taper in God's ministries when the Gospel is read, or when the housel is hallowed at the altar: not to dispel, as it were, the dim darkness, but, with that light, to announce bliss, in honour of Christ who is our light."

C.W.G.

Time when Herodotus wrote (Vol. ii., p. 405.).—The passage quoted by your correspondent A.W.H. affords, I think, a reasonable argument to prove that Herodotus did not commence his work until an advanced age; most probably between the ages of seventy and seventy-seven years. Moreover, there are various other reasons to justify the same conclusion; all which A.W.H. will find stated in Dr. Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. ii. I believe A.W.H. is correct in his supposition that the passage has not been noticed before.

T.H. KERSLEY, A.B.

King William's College.

Adur (Vol. ii., p. 108.).—The connexion of the Welsh ydwr with the Greek ‛υδορ is remarkable. Can any of your readers tell me whether there be not an older Welsh word for water? There are, I know, two sets of Welsh numerals, of which the later contains many Greek words, but the older are entirely different. Is not cader akin to καθεδρα, and glas to γλαυκος?

J.W.H.

The Word "Alarm" (Vol. ii., pp. 151. 183.).—I send you an instance of the accurate use of the word "alarm" which may be interesting. In an account of the attempt made on the 29th of Oct. 1795, to assassinate Geo. III., the Earl of Onslow (as cited in Maunder's Universal Biog. p. 321.) uses the following expression:—

"His Majesty showed, and, I am persuaded, felt, no alarm; much less did he fear."

Is not this a good instance of the true difference of meaning in these two words, which are now loosely used as if strictly synonymous?

H.G.T.

The Conquest (Vol. ii., p 440).—W.L. is informed that I have before me several old parchment documents or title-deeds, in which the words "post conquestum" are used merely to express (as part of their dates) the year after the accession of those kings respectively in whose reigns those documents were made.

P.H.F.

Land Holland (Vol. ii., p. 267. 345.).—J.B.C. does not say in what part of England he finds this term used. Holland, in Lincolnshire, is by Ingulph called Hoiland, a name which has been thought to mean hedgeland, in allusion to the sea-walls or hedges by which it was preserved from inundation. Other etymologies have also been proposed. (See Gough's Camden, "Lincolnshire.") In Norfolk, however, the term olland is used, Forby tells us, for "arable land which has been laid down in grass more than two years, q.d. old-land." In a Norfolk paper of few months since, in an advertisement of a ploughing match, I observe a prize is offered "To the ploughman, with good character, who shall plough a certain quantity of olland within the least time, in the best manner."

C.W.G.

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