Английский язык в повседневном общении. Учебное пособие для учащихся 9–11 классов

stay organized — оставаться организованным

find a balance — находить баланс

try something new — пробовать новое

according to plan — по плану

be flexible — быть гибким

enjoy the moment — наслаждаться моментом

Useful Patterns

What are you up to this weekend? — Чем ты занят на выходных?

I don’t have any plans yet. — У меня пока нет планов.

I’m planning to… — Я планирую…

I’d like to… — Я бы хотел…

It depends on… — Это зависит от…

I usually… — Я обычно…

Sometimes I…, but… — Иногда я…, но…

It helps me… — Это помогает мне…

I think it’s important to… — Я думаю, важно…

Practice: Answer the Questions

What are you usually up to at the weekend?

Do you prefer to plan your weekend in advance or be spontaneous? Why?

How do you usually relax on weekends?

Do you like spending time outdoors? Why or why not?

Do you often hang out with friends on weekends?

How do you balance rest and responsibilities at the weekend?

Model Answers

At the weekend, I usually stay at home or hang out with friends. It helps me relax and enjoy the moment.

I prefer to plan in advance because it helps me stay organized. But sometimes I like to be spontaneous.

I usually relax by watching movies or catching up on sleep. It helps me recharge after a busy week.

Yes, I like spending time outdoors because I can get some fresh air and feel better.

Yes, I often hang out with friends. It improves my mood and helps me forget about stress.

I try to find a balance between rest and homework. For example, I relax first and then catch up on homework.

Expand Your Answer

Try to give a longer answer. Use at least 2—3 expressions from the vocabulary list and add one reason or example.

Example answer:

At the weekend, I usually hang out with friends or stay at home. It helps me recharge and forget about stress. For example, we sometimes go out or just talk and enjoy the moment.

Practice: Complete the Sentences

This weekend, I’m planning to ______.

I don’t have any plans ______.

I like to ______ out with my friends.

Weekends help me ______ after a busy week.

I try to ______ a balance between rest and homework.

My Personality

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Personality is what makes each person unique. It includes the way we think, feel, and behave in different situations. Some people are outgoing and talkative, while others are more quiet and reserved. There is no «perfect» personality — everyone is different, and that’s what makes life interesting.

When people describe their personality, they often use adjectives like friendly, shy, confident, or hardworking. For example, if someone enjoys meeting new people and starting conversations, they are probably outgoing. On the other hand, if a person prefers to spend time alone or with a small group of close friends, they might be more introverted.

Personally, I think I am somewhere in the middle. I can be quite sociable when I feel comfortable, but sometimes I need time alone to relax and recharge. It really depends on the situation and the people around me. For instance, I feel more confident with my friends than with strangers.

Confidence is an important part of personality. It helps you express your ideas and communicate with others more easily. However, confidence doesn’t mean being loud or always talking. Sometimes it simply means being calm and sure of yourself. Even if you feel nervous, you can still try to act confident.

Another important quality is being open-minded. This means you are ready to listen to other people’s opinions and accept that they may be different from yours. Open-minded people usually find it easier to make friends and avoid conflicts. I think this is especially important in today’s world, where people come from different backgrounds.

At the same time, it’s important to be honest and be yourself. Some people try to change their personality to fit in or impress others, but this doesn’t always work. It’s better to accept who you are and focus on your strengths. Of course, it’s also good to work on your weaknesses and try to improve.

Your personality can also change over time. As you grow up and have new experiences, you may become more confident, more responsible, or more independent. For example, someone who was very shy as a child may become more outgoing later in life.

In the end, your personality is a big part of who you are. It affects your relationships, your decisions, and the way you see the world. The most important thing is to understand yourself, accept your personality, and keep developing as a person.

Key Vocabulary and Expressions

personality — личность

unique — уникальный

outgoing — общительный

talkative — разговорчивый

quiet — тихий

reserved — сдержанный

friendly — дружелюбный

shy — застенчивый

confident — уверенный

hardworking — трудолюбивый

introverted — интровертный

sociable — общительный

feel comfortable — чувствовать себя комфортно

it depends on — это зависит от

express your ideas — выражать свои мысли

open-minded — открытый к новому

accept different opinions — принимать разные мнения

avoid conflicts — избегать конфликтов

be yourself — быть собой

fit in — вписываться

focus on your strengths — сосредоточиться на сильных сторонах

work on your weaknesses — работать над слабыми сторонами

grow up — взрослеть

have new experiences — получать новый опыт

become more independent — становиться более самостоятельным

Useful Patterns

I would describe myself as… — Я бы описал себя как…

I think I am… — Я думаю, что я…

Sometimes I…, but… — Иногда я…, но…

It depends on… — Это зависит от…

I feel more… when… — Я чувствую себя более…, когда…

I try to… — Я стараюсь…

I think it’s important to… — Я думаю, важно…

For example,… — Например,…

Over time, I have become… — Со временем я стал…

Practice: Answer the Questions

How would you describe your personality?

Are you more outgoing or introverted? Why?

Do you find it easy to talk to new people?

What are your strongest qualities?

Is it important to be open-minded? Why?

Has your personality changed over time?

Model Answers

I would describe myself as friendly and a bit shy. I think I am quite sociable when I feel comfortable.

I am more introverted because I prefer spending time with close friends. But sometimes I can be outgoing.

It’s not always easy to talk to new people because I feel nervous. But I try to be confident.

My strongest qualities are being hardworking and open-minded. I try to accept different opinions.

Yes, I think it’s important to be open-minded because it helps avoid conflicts and understand others.

Yes, my personality has changed over time. I have become more confident and independent.

Expand Your Answer

Try to give a longer answer. Use at least 2—3 expressions from the vocabulary list and add one reason or example.

Example answer:

I would describe myself as quite friendly and open-minded. I try to accept different opinions and avoid conflicts. For example, when I talk to new people, I listen carefully and respect their ideas.

Practice: Complete the Sentences

I would describe myself as ______ and ______.

I feel more confident when I ______.

I try to ______ my strengths and improve my weaknesses.

It’s important to ______ different opinions.

Over time, I have become more ______.

Habits: Good and Bad

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Habits are a natural part of our daily lives. They are things we do regularly, often without even thinking about them. Some habits are good and help us improve, while others can be harmful and difficult to change. Understanding your habits is the first step to building a better lifestyle.

Good habits can make a big difference in your life. For example, waking up early, eating healthy food, and exercising regularly can help you feel more energetic and focused. Another useful habit is planning your day. When you know what you need to do, it’s easier to manage your time and avoid stress. Even small habits, like drinking enough water or going to bed on time, can have a positive effect.

On the other hand, bad habits can slow you down and make your life more difficult. For instance, spending too much time on your phone, procrastinating, or going to bed too late can affect your mood and productivity. Many people know that their habits are not good, but they still find it hard to change them. This is because habits take time to build, and they also take time to break.

One of the most common bad habits is procrastination. People often put off important tasks and choose to do something easier or more enjoyable instead. At first, it may not seem like a big problem, but over time it can lead to stress and poor results. That’s why it’s important to deal with tasks step by step and not wait until the last minute.

Changing habits is not easy, but it is possible. The key is to start small and be consistent. For example, if you want to develop a reading habit, you don’t have to read for hours every day. You can begin with just ten or fifteen minutes. Over time, this small habit can become a natural part of your routine.

Another helpful strategy is to replace a bad habit with a good one. Instead of scrolling through your phone before going to bed, you can try reading a book or listening to relaxing music. This makes the process easier because you are not just stopping a habit, but also creating a new one.

It’s also important to be patient with yourself. Everyone makes mistakes and sometimes goes back to old habits. This doesn’t mean you have failed. What matters is that you keep trying and don’t give up. Progress takes time, and even small changes can lead to big results.

In the end, habits shape our daily lives. Good habits can help you reach your goals, while bad habits can hold you back. By understanding your behavior and making small changes, you can improve your routine and feel better every day.

Key Vocabulary and Expressions

habits — привычки

daily life — повседневная жизнь

without thinking — не задумываясь

good habits — полезные привычки

bad habits — вредные привычки

make a difference — иметь значение

feel energetic — чувствовать себя энергичным

stay focused — сохранять концентрацию

manage your time — управлять временем

avoid stress — избегать стресса

have a positive effect — оказывать положительное влияние

slow you down — тормозить тебя

spend too much time — тратить слишком много времени

procrastinate — откладывать дела

put off — откладывать

at the last minute — в последний момент

deal with tasks — справляться с задачами

step by step — шаг за шагом

start small — начинать с малого

be consistent — быть последовательным

develop a habit — выработать привычку

replace a habit — заменить привычку

give up — сдаваться

hold you back — сдерживать тебя

Useful Patterns

I have a habit of… — У меня есть привычка…

I try to… — Я стараюсь…

Sometimes I…, but… — Иногда я…, но…

It helps me… — Это помогает мне…

I know it’s important to… — Я знаю, что важно…

I want to change… — Я хочу изменить…

I find it difficult to… — Мне сложно…

Step by step, I… — Шаг за шагом я…

I’m trying to develop a habit of… — Я стараюсь выработать привычку…

Practice: Answer the Questions

What are some of your good habits?

Do you have any bad habits you want to change?

Do you find it easy or difficult to build new habits? Why?

How do you usually deal with procrastination?

What helps you stay consistent?

Why do you think habits are important?

Model Answers

I have a habit of waking up early and trying to stay focused during the day. It helps me manage my time better.

Yes, I sometimes spend too much time on my phone. I want to replace this habit with something more useful.

I find it difficult to build new habits because it takes time. But I try to start small and be consistent.

I try not to put off my tasks and deal with them step by step. It helps me avoid stress.

What helps me stay consistent is having a plan and clear goals. I try to follow my routine every day.

Habits are important because they shape our daily life. Good habits help us succeed, while bad habits can hold us back.

Expand Your Answer

Try to give a longer answer. Use at least 2—3 expressions from the vocabulary list and add one reason or example.

Example answer:

I have a habit of trying to manage my time well and avoid stress. It helps me stay focused and be more productive. For example, I try not to put off my homework and do it step by step.

Practice: Complete the Sentences

I have a habit of ______ every day.

I want to ______ a bad habit in my life.

It’s important to ______ small and be consistent.

I try not to ______ my tasks until the last minute.

Good habits can help you ______ your goals.

Friendship and Trust

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Friendship is one of the most important parts of our lives. Good friends support us, share our interests, and make us feel understood. However, strong friendships are not only about having fun together — they are also built on trust.

Trust means believing that someone is honest and reliable. When you trust a person, you feel comfortable sharing your thoughts and feelings with them. You know that they will listen, support you, and not judge you. Without trust, it is very difficult to build a real friendship.

Building trust takes time. You can’t become best friends with someone in one day. It usually starts with small things, like keeping promises or being there when someone needs help. For example, if your friend tells you something personal, it’s important to keep it a secret. This shows that you respect them and value their trust.

At the same time, trust works both ways. It’s not only about trusting others, but also about being trustworthy. This means being honest, responsible, and supportive. If you say you will do something, you should try your best to do it. If you make a mistake, it’s better to admit it than to hide the truth.

Of course, even strong friendships can have problems. Sometimes people argue or misunderstand each other. This is normal, because everyone is different. The key is to communicate openly and try to solve problems calmly. Listening to your friend’s point of view can help avoid conflicts and improve your relationship.

Sometimes trust can be broken. For example, if someone lies or shares your secret with others, it can be very painful. In such situations, it’s important to talk about your feelings and decide what to do next. In some cases, it’s possible to rebuild trust, but it takes time and effort from both sides.

A true friend is someone who accepts you as you are. You don’t have to pretend or try too hard to impress them. You can be yourself and feel comfortable. This kind of friendship is strong and long-lasting.

Friendship is not only about good moments, but also about support during difficult times. When something goes wrong, a good friend will be there for you. They may not always have the perfect advice, but their support can make a big difference.

In the end, friendship and trust go hand in hand. Without trust, friendship cannot grow, and without friendship, life can feel lonely. That’s why it’s important to take care of your relationships and appreciate the people you trust.

Key Vocabulary and Expressions

friendship — дружба

trust — доверие

support someone — поддерживать кого-то

feel understood — чувствовать, что тебя понимают

be built on — быть основанным на

be honest — быть честным

reliable — надёжный

share your feelings — делиться чувствами

not judge — не осуждать

build trust — строить доверие

take time — требовать времени

keep a promise — сдержать обещание

keep a secret — хранить секрет

respect someone — уважать кого-то

be trustworthy — быть заслуживающим доверия

admit a mistake — признать ошибку

hide the truth — скрывать правду

solve a problem — решать проблему

point of view — точка зрения

avoid conflicts — избегать конфликтов

break trust — нарушить доверие

rebuild trust — восстановить доверие

accept someone — принимать кого-то

be yourself — быть собой

be there for someone — быть рядом с кем-то

Useful Patterns

I think friendship is… — Я думаю, что дружба — это…

For me, a good friend is someone who… — Для меня хороший друг — это тот, кто…

I trust people who… — Я доверяю людям, которые…

It’s important to… — Важно…

Sometimes…, but… — Иногда…, но…

I try to… — Я стараюсь…

In my opinion,… — По моему мнению,…

For example,… — Например,…

I believe that… — Я считаю, что…

Practice: Answer the Questions

What does friendship mean to you?

Do you find it easy to trust people? Why or why not?

What makes a person trustworthy?

Have you ever had a conflict with a friend? What happened?

Is it possible to rebuild trust after it is broken?

What do you value most in a friendship?

Model Answers

For me, friendship means support and understanding. A good friend is someone who is always there for me.

It’s not always easy to trust people because I don’t know them well at first. But over time, I can build trust.

A trustworthy person is honest and keeps promises. They also respect others and don’t share secrets.

Yes, I once had a conflict with a friend because of a misunderstanding. But we talked and solved the problem.

I think it is possible to rebuild trust, but it takes time and effort. Both people need to be honest.

I value honesty and support the most. I think it’s important to feel understood and accepted.

Expand Your Answer

Try to give a longer answer. Use at least 2—3 expressions from the vocabulary list and add one reason or example.

Example answer:

For me, friendship means trust and support. I think it’s important to be honest and keep promises. For example, when my friend shares something personal, I always try to keep it a secret.

Practice: Complete the Sentences

A good friendship is built ______ trust.

I try to ______ my promises.

It’s important to ______ honest with your friends.

A real friend will always ______ there for you.

Trust can be broken, but sometimes it can be ______.

Making New Friends

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Making new friends can be exciting, but it can also feel a bit stressful, especially at the beginning. Whether you start a new school, join a club, or meet people online, it’s not always easy to take the first step. However, building new friendships is an important part of life, and with a little effort, it becomes much easier.

The first step is usually starting a conversation. Many people feel nervous in this situation, but it’s completely normal. You don’t need to say anything perfect. A simple question like «Hi, how are you?» or «What do you think about this class?» can be enough to break the ice. The most important thing is to be friendly and open.

Another useful tip is to find something in common. It’s easier to talk to someone when you share the same interests. For example, you might both like music, sports, or a particular subject at school. When you discover something in common, the conversation becomes more natural and enjoyable.

Body language also plays an important role. A smile, eye contact, and a relaxed posture can make you look more confident and approachable. Even if you feel nervous, positive body language can help you create a good first impression.

Listening is just as important as speaking. When you talk to someone new, try to show real interest in what they are saying. Ask follow-up questions and react to their answers. This helps build a connection and shows that you care about the conversation.

Of course, not every attempt to make a new friend will be successful. Sometimes people may not respond in the way you expect, and that’s okay. It doesn’t mean there is something wrong with you. Everyone is different, and not all people will become your friends. The key is to stay positive and keep trying.