Словарный запас для ЕГЭ по английскому языку. Тематические блоки, упражнения и практика

acquire __________ independently

set personal __________

manage time __________

develop __________ thinking

evaluate __________

Complete the sentences:

Self-education requires strong __________.

Reading books helps to acquire __________.

Online courses support __________ learning.

Learners need to evaluate their __________.

Lifelong learning contributes to personal __________.

UNIT 6 — SKILLS FOR THE FUTURE

1. Core Vocabulary

future skills / essential skills — навыки будущего

critical thinking — критическое мышление

problem-solving skills — навыки решения проблем

communication skills — коммуникативные навыки

collaboration / teamwork — сотрудничество / работа в команде

digital literacy — цифровая грамотность

adaptability / flexibility — адаптивность / гибкость

time management — управление временем

creativity / innovative thinking — креативность / инновационное мышление

leadership skills — лидерские качества

self-motivation — самомотивация

lifelong learning — обучение на протяжении всей жизни

to acquire new skills — приобретать новые навыки

to keep up with technology — быть в курсе технологий

career readiness — готовность к профессиональной деятельности

2. Collocations & Upgrades

Complete the collocations:

develop __________ thinking

improve __________ skills

acquire __________ skills

keep up with __________

demonstrate __________ skills

Upgrade your vocabulary:

important skills → essential / crucial skills

learn new skills → acquire new skills / develop competencies

work in a team → collaborate effectively / demonstrate teamwork

be ready for work → show career readiness / professional preparedness

Example:

To succeed in the modern workplace, students must develop critical thinking, acquire digital literacy, and demonstrate effective teamwork.

3. Practice

A. Complete the sentences:

Future professionals need strong __________ thinking.

Teamwork and __________ are essential in most careers.

Lifelong learning helps individuals __________ new skills.

Digital literacy allows people to __________ with technology.

Leadership skills contribute to career __________.

B. Choose the correct option:

Adaptability means:

a) sticking to one method

b) adjusting to changes

c) avoiding new tasks

Lifelong learning helps people:

a) stop studying after school

b) continuously develop skills

c) ignore new technologies

C. Paraphrase the sentences:

He learns new skills to succeed in life.

→ He __________ new competencies to achieve success.

Communication skills are very important.

→ Strong communication skills are __________ for the modern workplace.

4. Speaking / Writing

Question 1:

What skills are necessary for future careers?

Model Answer:

Future careers require a combination of technical and soft skills. Critical thinking and problem-solving abilities help individuals handle complex tasks. Effective communication and teamwork are essential for collaboration in the workplace. Digital literacy and adaptability allow people to keep up with technological changes. Lifelong learning ensures continuous development and career readiness.

Question 2:

How can students develop skills for the future?

Model Answer:

Students can develop skills for the future by participating in interactive projects, taking online courses, and practicing problem-solving. They should set personal goals and seek opportunities for teamwork and leadership. Improving digital literacy and staying updated with technology is also important. Finally, cultivating self-motivation and creativity helps individuals adapt to future challenges and succeed professionally.

5. Quick Revision

Complete the collocations:

develop __________ thinking

improve __________ skills

acquire __________ skills

keep up with __________

demonstrate __________ skills

Complete the sentences:

Critical thinking and problem-solving are essential __________.

Teamwork and collaboration are important in __________.

Lifelong learning helps to acquire __________.

Digital literacy allows people to keep up with __________.

Leadership skills contribute to __________ readiness.

UNIT 7 — HIGHER EDUCATION

1. Core Vocabulary

higher education / tertiary education — высшее образование

university / college — университет / колледж

to enroll in a university — поступать в университет

undergraduate degree — бакалавриат

postgraduate degree / master’s / PhD — аспирантура / магистратура / докторская степень

academic program / course — учебная программа / курс

tuition fees — плата за обучение

scholarship / grant — стипендия / грант

campus life — жизнь на кампусе

lectures / seminars / tutorials — лекции / семинары / практические занятия

research skills — исследовательские навыки

to graduate with honors — закончить с отличием

career opportunities / prospects — карьерные возможности

student exchange programs — программы обмена студентами

to pursue higher education — продолжать образование после школы

2. Collocations & Upgrades

Complete the collocations:

enroll in a __________

pursue a __________ degree

receive a __________ or grant

graduate with __________

develop __________ skills

Upgrade your vocabulary:

go to university → enroll in a university / pursue higher education

study a course → follow an academic program / course

earn money for studies → receive a scholarship or grant

student life → campus life / academic experience

Example:

Many students choose to pursue higher education to develop research skills and improve career prospects.

3. Practice

A. Complete the sentences:

After school, students may choose to __________ higher education.

Tuition fees can be paid with the help of a __________.

Campus life includes attending __________ and seminars.

Graduating with __________ is a great achievement.

Student exchange programs provide __________ opportunities.

B. Choose the correct option:

An undergraduate degree is:

a) a postgraduate degree

b) the first level of higher education

c) a short course

Scholarships help students to:

a) avoid studying

b) pay tuition fees

c) travel only

C. Paraphrase the sentences:

He studies at university.

→ He is __________ higher education.

She graduated with excellent marks.

→ She __________ with honors.

4. Speaking / Writing

Question 1:

Why do many students choose higher education?

Model Answer:

Many students choose higher education to gain advanced knowledge and develop specialized skills. It provides opportunities to participate in research, attend lectures and seminars, and engage in student exchange programs. Higher education also improves career prospects and prepares individuals for professional life. Graduating with honors demonstrates academic achievement and enhances employment opportunities.

Question 2:

What are the advantages and challenges of higher education?

Model Answer:

Higher education offers numerous advantages, including access to expert knowledge, campus life experiences, and career opportunities. It also allows students to develop research, problem-solving, and critical thinking skills. However, tuition fees and living expenses can be challenging, and academic pressure may cause stress. Despite these difficulties, pursuing higher education is valuable for personal and professional growth.

5. Quick Revision

Complete the collocations:

enroll in a __________

pursue a __________ degree

receive a __________ or grant

graduate with __________

develop __________ skills

Complete the sentences:

Students may choose to pursue __________ after school.

Scholarships help cover __________ fees.

Campus life includes attending __________ and seminars.

Graduating with __________ is a significant achievement.

Higher education improves __________ opportunities.

UNIT 8 — SCHOOL PROBLEMS

1. Core Vocabulary

school problems / challenges at school — проблемы в школе

bullying / harassment — травля / притеснение

peer pressure — давление со стороны сверстников

academic difficulties / struggles — академические трудности

lack of motivation — отсутствие мотивации

absenteeism / truancy — прогул / пропуск занятий

stress / anxiety — стресс / тревожность

learning difficulties / disabilities — трудности в обучении / особенности обучения

conflict with teachers / classmates — конфликт с учителями / одноклассниками

poor school facilities — плохая школьная инфраструктура

time management problems — проблемы с управлением временем

low academic performance — низкая успеваемость

pressure to succeed — давление необходимости преуспеть

disciplinary issues — проблемы с дисциплиной

to seek support / help — искать поддержку / помощь

2. Collocations & Upgrades

Complete the collocations:

face __________ problems

deal with __________ pressure

overcome __________ difficulties

lack __________

seek __________

Upgrade your vocabulary:

school difficulties → academic struggles / learning challenges

not motivated → lack of motivation / low engagement

problem with classmates → conflict with peers / bullying

school facilities → infrastructure / educational resources

Example:

Many students face academic difficulties and stress at school, but seeking support can help overcome these challenges.

3. Practice

A. Complete the sentences:

Some students face __________ from their classmates.

Academic struggles can cause __________ and low self-esteem.

Peer pressure can influence students’ __________.

Poor school facilities make learning more __________.

Students should seek __________ from teachers or counselors.

B. Choose the correct option:

Bullying is:

a) supportive behavior

b) aggressive behavior by peers

c) studying hard

Stress at school can be caused by:

a) academic difficulties

b) relaxation

c) sports activities

C. Paraphrase the sentences:

Students have problems with classmates.

→ Students face __________ with their peers.

Some students are not motivated to study.

→ Some students lack __________.

4. Speaking / Writing

Question 1:

What are the most common problems students face at school?

Model Answer:

Students face a variety of problems at school, including bullying, peer pressure, and academic difficulties. Lack of motivation and time management issues can also affect performance. Poor school facilities and conflicts with teachers or classmates may create additional challenges. To overcome these problems, students should seek support from teachers, counselors, or parents.

Question 2:

How can schools help students with problems?

Model Answer:

Schools can help students by providing guidance and counseling services, improving school facilities, and promoting a positive learning environment. Teachers should support students facing academic difficulties and encourage self-motivation. Anti-bullying programs and teamwork activities can reduce peer conflicts. By creating a safe and supportive atmosphere, schools help students overcome challenges and succeed academically.

5. Quick Revision

Complete the collocations:

face __________ problems

deal with __________ pressure

overcome __________ difficulties

lack __________

seek __________

Complete the sentences:

Students may face bullying or __________ from peers.

Academic struggles can cause stress and low __________.

Peer pressure can influence students’ __________.

Teachers can help students overcome __________.

Students should seek __________ when facing challenges.

UNIT 9 — MOTIVATION AND DISCIPLINE

1. Core Vocabulary

motivation — мотивация

self-motivation — самомотивация

discipline — дисциплина

self-discipline — самодисциплина

to set goals — ставить цели

to stay focused — сохранять концентрацию

time management — управление временем

procrastination — откладывание дел на потом

to overcome obstacles — преодолевать трудности

reward system — система поощрений

intrinsic motivation — внутренняя мотивация

extrinsic motivation — внешняя мотивация

to maintain consistency — поддерживать постоянство

habit formation — формирование привычек

personal responsibility — личная ответственность

2. Collocations & Upgrades

Complete the collocations:

maintain __________

develop __________

set __________

overcome __________

practice __________

Upgrade your vocabulary:

stay motivated → maintain motivation / sustain drive

be disciplined → practice self-discipline / demonstrate personal responsibility

delay tasks → procrastinate / postpone tasks

achieve goals → reach objectives / accomplish targets

Example:

Self-motivation and self-discipline help students stay focused, manage time effectively, and achieve their goals.

3. Practice

A. Complete the sentences:

Students need strong __________ to succeed academically.

Setting clear __________ helps maintain focus and direction.

Procrastination can reduce __________ and cause stress.

Habit formation is important for __________ and consistency.

Rewards and recognition can improve both intrinsic and __________ motivation.

B. Choose the correct option:

Self-discipline helps students:

a) delay tasks indefinitely

b) stay focused and manage time

c) ignore responsibilities

Motivation can be:

a) internal or external

b) unnecessary

c) always negative

C. Paraphrase the sentences:

She works hard because she wants to succeed.

→ She is driven by __________ motivation.

He follows a strict schedule to complete tasks.

→ He demonstrates strong __________.

4. Speaking / Writing

Question 1:

Why are motivation and discipline important for students?

Model Answer:

Motivation and discipline are essential for students because they help maintain focus, manage time effectively, and achieve academic goals. Self-motivation drives learners to take initiative and study independently, while self-discipline ensures consistency and prevents procrastination. Developing good habits and personal responsibility also supports long-term success both in education and in life.

Question 2:

How can students improve their motivation and discipline?

Model Answer:

Students can improve motivation and discipline by setting clear and achievable goals, creating a structured study plan, and practicing time management. Reward systems and self-reflection help maintain motivation. Forming consistent habits and learning to overcome obstacles also strengthens self-discipline. Both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation play a key role in achieving personal and academic success.

5. Quick Revision

Complete the collocations:

maintain __________

develop __________

set __________

overcome __________

practice __________

Complete the sentences:

Self-motivation helps students stay __________ and productive.

Setting goals allows learners to maintain __________.

Procrastination can reduce __________ and cause stress.

Habit formation supports __________ and consistency.

Rewards can enhance both intrinsic and __________ motivation.

UNIT 10 — MODERN SOCIETY

1. Core Vocabulary

modern society / contemporary society — современное общество

technology / technological advancements — технологии / технологический прогресс

globalization — глобализация

social media — социальные сети

digital communication — цифровая коммуникация

environmental issues / climate change — экологические проблемы / изменение климата

cultural diversity / multiculturalism — культурное разнообразие / мультикультурализм

urbanization / city life — урбанизация / жизнь в городе