Топики по английскому для школьников: чтение, лексика и упражнения

Томас Спикс

Топики по английскому для школьников: чтение, лексика и упражнения

Дорогие читатели!

Эта книга создана для того, чтобы помочь вам развивать навыки чтения, письма и понимания английского языка через увлекательные и доступные тексты. Каждый раздел книги состоит из четырех частей: текст, лексика, практика и проверь себя. Такая структура позволяет постепенно освоить материал, запомнить новые слова и выражения, а также закрепить полученные знания с помощью упражнений.

В разделе текст представлен небольшой рассказ или описание на определённую тему, написанный простым и понятным языком. Он поможет вам расширить словарный запас, улучшить понимание грамматики и развить навыки связного письма. В разделе лексика вы найдёте ключевые слова и выражения из текста с переводом и объяснением их значений. Этот список служит опорой для чтения и последующих упражнений.

Раздел практика включает задания True/False и вопросы по тексту, которые помогут проверить ваше понимание и внимание к деталям. Раздел проверь себя содержит развернутые ответы с пояснениями, позволяя самостоятельно оценить свои успехи и понять ошибки. Такой подход делает процесс обучения интерактивным и эффективным.

Эта книга будет полезна школьникам, изучающим английский язык на уровне от начального до среднего. Она также подойдёт для самостоятельной работы дома, подготовки к контрольным заданиям и школьным сочинениям, а также для использования на занятиях в классе. Тексты подобраны таким образом, чтобы заинтересовать читателя и стимулировать активное использование английского языка в речи и письме.

Используйте эту книгу систематически: сначала читайте текст, затем изучайте лексику, выполняйте упражнения и сверяйте ответы с ключами. Постепенно вы заметите, как растёт ваша уверенность в языке, увеличивается словарный запас и улучшаются навыки выражения мыслей на английском языке.

Желаю успехов!

My Favorite Hobby

Everyone has a hobby. Some people like reading, some enjoy sports, and others love painting or playing music. My favorite hobby is drawing. I have loved drawing since I was very young. I still remember the first time I drew a picture of my dog. I felt proud and happy because I could create something with my own hands.

Drawing is more than just fun. It is a way to express my feelings and thoughts. When I am sad, I draw happy pictures. When I am excited, I try new techniques and bright colors. Drawing helps me relax after a long day at school. Sometimes, I spend hours working on a picture without noticing the time. It is amazing how something simple like a pencil and paper can make me feel calm and satisfied.

I usually draw in my room. I have a small desk near the window. The light is perfect for seeing all the colors. I keep my pencils, pens, and markers in a box. I also have a sketchbook where I keep all my drawings. My sketchbook is like a diary because it shows my progress and all the ideas I have tried. I can look at older drawings and see how I have improved over time.

Sometimes, I draw with my friends. We sit together and choose a topic for our pictures. One day, we decided to draw our favorite animals. My best friend drew a cat, and I drew a dog. We shared our drawings and gave each other tips. It was fun to see different styles and ideas. Drawing with friends is exciting because we can share our creativity and learn from each other.

I also like to look at other people’s drawings. There are many books and websites with beautiful pictures. Sometimes, I copy a style I like, just to practice. But mostly, I try to make my own ideas come to life. I like thinking about new characters, animals, or imaginary worlds. Drawing is not only about copying reality; it is about creating something unique.

My hobby has many benefits. It improves my concentration because I have to focus on details. It also develops my imagination and creativity. When I draw, I plan the picture in my mind first. I choose colors carefully and decide which parts of the drawing are the most important. This kind of planning helps me in other areas of life, like studying and organizing my time.

Sometimes, I join exhibitions or competitions at school. It is a little scary to show my work to many people, but I always feel proud when someone likes my picture. It is a good way to get feedback and learn new things. I also like when my drawings make other people happy. One time, I gave a drawing to my grandmother. She was very surprised and smiled for a long time. That made me feel wonderful.

Everyone can have a hobby. It can be anything that makes you feel happy and helps you spend your free time in a useful way. My favorite hobby is drawing, and I hope to continue it for many years. I am sure it will always be a part of my life, giving me joy, relaxation, and opportunities to learn and create.

Лексика

hobby – хобби

drawing – рисование

express – выражать

relax – расслабляться

proud – гордый

satisfied – удовлетворённый

sketchbook – альбом для рисования

creativity – креативность

concentration – сосредоточенность

imagination – воображение

technique – техника

colors – цвета

diary – дневник

share – делиться

benefits – преимущества

feedback – обратная связь

character – персонаж

improve – улучшать

exhibition – выставка

plan – планировать

Практика

True / False:

The author has loved drawing since childhood.

Drawing always makes the author feel sad.

The author keeps drawings in a sketchbook.

Drawing with friends is boring.

Showing drawings to others can be scary but rewarding.

Questions:

What is the author’s favorite hobby?

How does drawing help the author feel?

Where does the author usually draw?

What benefits does drawing bring?

Why does the author like giving drawings to others?

Проверь себя

True / False answers with explanations

True – The text explicitly says, “I have loved drawing since I was very young,” which shows that this hobby has been important throughout the author’s life.

False – The author explains that drawing helps them relax and feel happy. There is no statement suggesting that drawing makes them sad.

True – The author mentions keeping all drawings in a sketchbook, describing it as a diary to track progress.

False – The author enjoys drawing with friends, calling it “exciting” and fun. Therefore, drawing with friends is not boring.

True – The author states that showing drawings to others can feel scary but is rewarding because it provides pride and feedback.

Sample answers to questions with explanations

What is the author’s favorite hobby?

Answer: Drawing.

Explanation: The first sentence of the text clearly says, “My favorite hobby is drawing,” and the following paragraphs describe the author’s passion for it.

How does drawing help the author feel?

Answer: It helps the author relax, feel proud, happy, and satisfied.

Explanation: The text mentions that drawing allows the author to “relax after a long day” and feel “proud and happy.” Drawing also gives a sense of satisfaction from creating something.

Where does the author usually draw?

Answer: In their room, at a desk near the window.

Explanation: The author describes having a “small desk near the window,” explaining that the natural light helps see colors and work comfortably.

What benefits does drawing bring?

Answer: Drawing improves concentration, imagination, creativity, and planning skills.

Explanation: The author writes that drawing “improves concentration because I have to focus on details,” develops imagination and creativity, and involves planning the picture, which helps in other areas of life.

Why does the author like giving drawings to others?

Answer: Because it makes others happy and gives the author a sense of pride.

Explanation: The author gives an example of giving a drawing to their grandmother, who smiled for a long time. This shows that sharing drawings brings joy to both the author and others.

A Typical Day at School

Every school day starts early for me. I usually wake up at 7:00 a.m. After washing my face and brushing my teeth, I have breakfast with my family. Breakfast is important because it gives me energy for the day. After breakfast, I put on my school uniform and pack my bag. I always make sure I have my notebooks, textbooks, pens, and lunch.

I leave home at 7:45 a.m. and walk to school. Sometimes, I go with my friends, and we talk about our homework or plans for the day. Walking together makes the journey more enjoyable. I usually arrive at school at 8:15 a.m. and meet my classmates before the first lesson begins.

Our first lesson starts at 8:30 a.m. I like mornings because I feel fresh and ready to learn. My favorite subject in the morning is English. I enjoy learning new words, practicing speaking, and reading short stories. After English, we have Mathematics, which is sometimes challenging but interesting. I like solving problems and improving my skills.

At 10:15 a.m., we have a short break. This is a perfect time to relax, have a snack, and chat with friends. I usually eat fruit or a sandwich. During the break, some students play outside, while others stay in the classroom and read or do homework.

After the break, lessons continue. We have Science, History, and Art in the morning. Science is exciting because we do experiments and learn about how the world works. History is fascinating because I enjoy learning about the past and famous people. Art is fun because I can be creative and draw or paint.

Lunch is at 12:30 p.m. We go to the school cafeteria and sit with our friends. Lunch is not only a time to eat but also a time to relax and talk about interesting things. Sometimes, teachers join us, and we can ask questions about lessons or discuss school projects.

The afternoon lessons start at 1:15 p.m. and are usually less intense. We have Physical Education (PE), where we play sports or do exercises. PE is important because it keeps us healthy and active. After PE, we have Music or Computer Science. Music is enjoyable because we sing, play instruments, or learn about famous musicians. In Computer Science, we learn to use programs and practice typing and coding.

School finishes at 3:30 p.m. After lessons, some students go to clubs or activities, like the drama club, chess club, or sports training. I sometimes go to the art club, where I can draw and paint more. After clubs, I walk home or sometimes go with friends.

When I get home, I do my homework. I always try to finish it before dinner so I can relax later. I like doing homework in my room because it is quiet, and I can concentrate. After homework, I have dinner with my family. We talk about our day, what we learned, and plans for tomorrow.

In the evening, I sometimes watch TV or read a book before going to bed. I try to go to bed at 9:30 p.m. so I can get enough sleep. A typical day at school is busy but interesting. I enjoy learning new things, spending time with friends, and participating in activities. Every day is a chance to learn, improve, and have fun.

Лексика

school day – школьный день

breakfast – завтрак

uniform – форма

bag – сумка, портфель

journey – путь, дорога

classmates – одноклассники

lesson – урок

break – перемена

snack – перекус

cafeteria – столовая

experiment – эксперимент

creative – креативный, творческий

lunch – обед

Physical Education (PE) – физкультура

instrument – музыкальный инструмент

club – кружок, секция

homework – домашнее задание

concentrate – сосредоточиться

activity – занятие

relax – отдыхать, расслабляться

Практика

True / False:

The author wakes up at 8:00 a.m. every school day.

Breakfast gives the author energy for the day.

The author enjoys Science lessons.

PE is not important for students.

The school day ends at 3:30 p.m.

Questions:

What time does the author wake up?

Which subject does the author like in the morning?

What do students usually do during the break?

Name two activities the author does after school.

Why is it important to go to bed on time?

Проверь себя

True / False answers with explanations

False – The text says the author usually wakes up at 7:00 a.m., not 8:00 a.m.

True – The author mentions, “Breakfast is important because it gives me energy for the day,” showing its importance.

True – The author writes that Science is exciting because they do experiments and learn about the world.

False – The author explains that PE is important to stay healthy and active, so it is definitely important.

True – The text says, “School finishes at 3:30 p.m.,” confirming the end time of the day.

Sample answers to questions with explanations

What time does the author wake up?

Answer: 7:00 a.m.

Explanation: The first paragraph states, “I usually wake up at 7:00 a.m.”

Which subject does the author like in the morning?

Answer: English.

Explanation: The text says, “My favorite subject in the morning is English,” because they enjoy learning words, reading, and speaking.

What do students usually do during the break?

Answer: They relax, have a snack, chat with friends, or play outside.

Explanation: The text explains that the break is “a perfect time to relax, have a snack, and chat with friends,” and some students play outside.

Name two activities the author does after school.

Answer: Attends the art club and does homework.

Explanation: The text mentions, “I sometimes go to the art club” and later, “When I get home, I do my homework.”

Why is it important to go to bed on time?

Answer: To get enough sleep.

Explanation: The text says, “I try to go to bed at 9:30 p.m. so I can get enough sleep,” highlighting the importance of rest for energy and learning.

My Best Friend

Everyone has friends, but a best friend is someone special. My best friend is Anna. We have known each other since we were in the first grade. At first, we were classmates, but soon we discovered that we shared many interests, such as reading, drawing, and playing games. Over the years, our friendship has become very strong, and I feel lucky to have her in my life.

Anna is very kind and friendly. She always helps me when I have problems with homework or when I feel sad. She listens carefully and gives good advice. I like talking to her because I can share my thoughts and feelings without worrying. We trust each other, which is very important in a friendship.

We spend a lot of time together. During school breaks, we sit together and talk about our favorite books, TV shows, or plans for the weekend. Sometimes, we go to the park after school and ride our bikes or play football. On weekends, we visit each other’s homes, watch movies, or do art projects. Anna is very creative, and I enjoy learning new drawing techniques from her.

What I like most about Anna is her sense of humor. She can make me laugh even on a bad day. Once, when I was upset because I got a low grade, she told a funny story that made me smile immediately. Friendship is not only about sharing fun moments, but also about supporting each other during difficult times. Anna always stands by me, and I do the same for her.

We also enjoy learning together. Sometimes we study for exams together, quiz each other, or help each other understand difficult topics. This makes learning easier and more interesting. We encourage each other to do our best, which helps us improve our grades and skills.

Anna and I have similar values. We both like helping people, respecting others, and being honest. These shared values make our friendship stronger because we understand each other and respect each other’s opinions. Even when we argue, we try to solve problems calmly and fairly. Arguments happen sometimes, but they never last long because we care about our friendship.

Another thing I appreciate is that Anna is very reliable. If she promises to do something, she always keeps her word. I know I can count on her in any situation. Whether it’s borrowing notes, preparing a school project, or just needing someone to talk to, Anna is always there.

Friendship is important because it makes life happier and easier. A best friend is someone you can trust, laugh with, and learn from. Anna has taught me many things about kindness, creativity, and loyalty. I hope we will remain best friends for many years. Having a best friend like Anna makes school, hobbies, and daily life more enjoyable. I am grateful for her friendship and the happy memories we share.

Лексика

best friend – лучший друг

classmate – одноклассник

interest – интерес

trust – доверять

advice – совет

problem – проблема

support – поддержка

break – перемена

weekend – выходные

creative – креативный

sense of humor – чувство юмора

upset – расстроенный

exam – экзамен

skill – навык

value – ценность

respect – уважение

honest – честный

reliable – надёжный

count on – рассчитывать на

memory – воспоминание

Практика

True / False:

The author has known Anna since the first grade.

Anna never helps the author with homework.

They spend time together during breaks and weekends.

Friendship is only about having fun.

Anna is reliable and keeps her promises.

Questions:

Who is the author’s best friend?

What activities do they enjoy doing together?

How does Anna help the author during difficult times?

What values do they share?

Why does the author feel lucky to have Anna?

Проверь себя

True / False answers with explanations

True – The text states, “We have known each other since we were in the first grade,” confirming how long they have been friends.

False – Anna often helps the author with homework and gives advice when needed.

True – The text mentions that they spend time together during school breaks, after school, and on weekends doing activities like biking, playing, watching movies, or drawing.

False – The text explains that friendship is also about supporting each other during difficult times, not just fun.

True – The author writes, “Anna is very reliable… I know I can count on her in any situation,” showing that she keeps her promises.

Sample answers to questions with explanations

Who is the author’s best friend?

Answer: Anna.

Explanation: The first sentence clearly states, “My best friend is Anna.”

What activities do they enjoy doing together?

Answer: Reading, drawing, playing games, riding bikes, playing football, watching movies, and doing art projects.

Explanation: The text lists many shared activities during breaks, after school, and on weekends.

How does Anna help the author during difficult times?

Answer: She listens, gives advice, and makes the author laugh.

Explanation: The text mentions that Anna “always helps me when I have problems” and “can make me laugh even on a bad day.”

What values do they share?

Answer: Helping people, respecting others, and being honest.

Explanation: The text says, “We both like helping people, respecting others, and being honest,” showing the importance of shared values in their friendship.

Why does the author feel lucky to have Anna?

Answer: Because Anna is kind, supportive, reliable, and creative, making their friendship strong and enjoyable.

Explanation: Throughout the text, the author gives examples of Anna’s kindness, support, reliability, and creativity, emphasizing why their friendship is special.

A Memorable Birthday

Birthdays are always special, but some birthdays are unforgettable. My most memorable birthday was my tenth birthday. I still remember it clearly because it was full of surprises, fun, and happiness. My parents had planned a small party at home, and I invited my best friends and family.

On the morning of my birthday, I woke up early and found a card and a small gift on my bed. The card had a kind message from my parents, and the gift was a new book I wanted for a long time. I felt excited and grateful. I quickly got dressed and went downstairs for breakfast. My parents made my favorite pancakes with chocolate and strawberries. It was delicious!

After breakfast, my friends arrived. We played games in the living room and sang songs. Everyone was laughing and having fun. My parents had decorated the room with balloons, streamers, and colorful banners. The decorations made the atmosphere festive and cheerful. I felt happy to see my friends enjoying themselves.

The highlight of the day was the birthday cake. It was chocolate with cream and cherries on top. I blew out the candles and made a wish. Everyone cheered, and we ate the cake together. It was one of the best cakes I had ever tasted. Later, we played a treasure hunt game in the garden. My friends and I searched for hidden gifts and treats. It was exciting and made the day even more special.

In the afternoon, my grandparents visited. They brought gifts and shared stories from when my parents were children. I enjoyed listening to their stories because they were funny and interesting. My cousins also joined us, and we played board games together. The house was full of laughter and joy.

One of the most memorable moments was when my parents gave me a surprise gift. They had bought a bicycle I had wanted for months. I was thrilled and immediately tried it in the garden. Riding the bicycle for the first time was exciting, and my friends cheered for me. It was a wonderful feeling to receive something I had wished for so much.

In the evening, we had a simple dinner with the whole family. We talked about the day, shared our favorite moments, and took many photos. I felt grateful for the love and care of my family and friends. My birthday was not just about gifts or food; it was about spending time with people who care about me and making memories together.

Before going to bed, I thought about the day and wrote in my diary. I described everything that happened and how happy I felt. That birthday taught me that small gestures, laughter, and shared moments are more important than expensive gifts. I will always remember my tenth birthday as a day full of joy, surprises, and unforgettable memories.

Лексика

birthday – день рождения

memorable – незабываемый

surprise – сюрприз

gift – подарок

card – открытка

pancakes – блины

chocolate – шоколад

strawberries – клубника

decorations – украшения

balloons – воздушные шары

streamers – гирлянды

birthday cake – торт

candles – свечи

wish – желание

treasure hunt – игра с поиском сокровищ

grandparents – бабушка и дедушка

cousins – кузены / двоюродные братья и сестры

board games – настольные игры

bicycle – велосипед

diary – дневник

Практика

True / False:

The author’s tenth birthday was unforgettable.