Полная версия
Английский для начинающих: практические темы. Учим слова, выражения и фразы для повседневной жизни
Он помыл пол в ванной вчера.
Reading Text
Cleaning the house is part of my weekly routine. I usually tidy up every morning. Tidying up helps me feel organized and relaxed. I start by putting things in the right place, folding clothes, and arranging books.
After tidying, I dust the furniture. Dusting is important because it keeps the house clean and prevents allergies. I use a soft cloth and go over all surfaces carefully.
Next, I vacuum the carpets and floors. Vacuuming removes dirt, crumbs, and dust that cleaning alone cannot remove. I try to vacuum every room, especially the living room and bedroom.
Finally, I mop the kitchen and bathroom floors. Mopping makes the floors clean and shiny. After all these tasks, I feel satisfied and comfortable at home. Cleaning the house can be tiring, but a clean home helps me relax and enjoy my free time.
Check Your Understanding
What does the person do first when cleaning the house?
Why is dusting important?
Which areas does the person vacuum?
When does the person mop the floors?
Do you enjoy cleaning your house? Why or why not?
Build Your Vocabulary
Exercise 1 – Multiple Choice
I need to ______ my room before guests arrive.
A) mop
B) dust
C) tidy up
D) vacuum
I ______ the carpet every Saturday.
A) mop
B) vacuum
C) dust
D) tidy up
I ______ the kitchen floor after cooking.
A) mop
B) dust
C) tidy up
D) vacuum
I ______ the shelves to remove dust.
A) vacuum
B) tidy up
C) dust
D) mop
Exercise 2 – Matching
Match the words with their translations:
tidy up
dust
vacuum
mop
a) пылесосить
b) вытирать пыль
c) мыть пол
d) прибирать
Exercise 3 – Use It!
Write 3—4 sentences about cleaning your house. Use at least two expressions from Word Power.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
1 – C) tidy up
2 – B) vacuum
3 – A) mop
4 – C) dust
Exercise 2
1 – d
2 – b
3 – a
4 – c
Sample Answers
Check Your Understanding:
The person tidies up first by putting things in the right place and organizing.
Dusting is important because it keeps the house clean and prevents allergies.
The person vacuums every room, especially the living room and bedroom.
The person mops the kitchen and bathroom floors, usually after other cleaning tasks.
Example answer: I enjoy cleaning my house because it helps me feel comfortable and relaxed.
Exercise 3 – Example:
Every morning, I tidy up my bedroom and living room. I dust the shelves and vacuum the carpet. After cooking, I mop the kitchen floor. A clean house makes me feel calm and happy.
A Day Off
Word Power
1. relax
Значение: расслабляться, отдыхать
On my day off, I like to relax at home.
В свой выходной я люблю расслабляться дома.
She relaxed on the sofa and read a book.
Она расслабилась на диване и читала книгу.
2. sleep in
Значение: спать дольше обычного, выспаться
I usually sleep in on Saturdays.
По субботам я обычно высыпаюсь.
He slept in because he had a busy week.
Он выспался, потому что у него была напряжённая неделя.
3. go for a walk
Значение: идти на прогулку
I like to go for a walk in the park on my day off.
Мне нравится ходить на прогулку в парк в свой выходной.
We went for a walk after breakfast.
Мы пошли на прогулку после завтрака.
4. meet up
Значение: встречаться (с друзьями или знакомыми)
I meet up with friends on my day off.
Я встречаюсь с друзьями в свой выходной.
She met up with her classmates in the afternoon.
Она встретилась со своими одноклассниками после обеда.
Reading Text
A day off is my favorite day of the week. I usually sleep in and wake up later than usual. Sleeping in helps me feel rested after a busy week. I enjoy spending the morning slowly, having breakfast, and reading the news.
In the afternoon, I like to relax at home. Sometimes I watch a movie, listen to music, or read a book. Relaxing is important because it gives me energy for the next week.
If the weather is nice, I go for a walk in the park. Walking is a good way to exercise and enjoy fresh air. Sometimes I meet up with friends. We have coffee or talk about our week. Meeting friends makes my day off more enjoyable.
Evening is usually quiet. I prepare dinner, watch a short video, or plan the next day. A day off is not just a break from work; it is a chance to rest, relax, and spend time doing things I enjoy.
Check Your Understanding
Why does the person like to sleep in?
Name one activity the person does to relax at home.
Where does the person go if the weather is nice?
Who does the person meet up with in the afternoon?
What do you usually do on your day off?
Build Your Vocabulary
Exercise 1 – Multiple Choice
On my day off, I like to ______.
A) meet up
B) relax
C) go for a walk
D) sleep in
I usually ______ on Saturdays.
A) go for a walk
B) sleep in
C) meet up
D) relax
If the weather is nice, I ______ in the park.
A) meet up
B) sleep in
C) go for a walk
D) relax
I often ______ with friends in the afternoon.
A) meet up
B) go for a walk
C) sleep in
D) relax
Exercise 2 – Matching
Match the words with their translations:
relax
sleep in
go for a walk
meet up
a) встречаться
b) идти на прогулку
c) спать дольше обычного
d) расслабляться
Exercise 3 – Use It!
Write 3—4 sentences about your last day off. Use at least two expressions from Word Power.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
1 – B) relax
2 – B) sleep in
3 – C) go for a walk
4 – A) meet up
Exercise 2
1 – d
2 – c
3 – b
4 – a
Sample Answers
Check Your Understanding:
The person likes to sleep in to feel rested after a busy week.
To relax at home, the person watches a movie, listens to music, or reads a book.
If the weather is nice, the person goes for a walk in the park.
The person meets up with friends in the afternoon.
Example answer: On my day off, I like to sleep in, go for a walk, and relax at home.
Exercise 3 – Example:
On my last day off, I slept in and had a long breakfast. I relaxed by reading a book in the afternoon. Later, I went for a walk in the park and met up with a friend for coffee. It was a very enjoyable day.
Weekend Plans
Word Power
1. plan ahead
Значение: планировать заранее
I like to plan ahead for the weekend so I know what to do.
Мне нравится планировать выходные заранее, чтобы знать, чем заняться.
She planned ahead and booked tickets for the movie.
Она заранее спланировала и купила билеты на фильм.
2. hang out
Значение: проводить время с друзьями, тусоваться
On Saturday, I usually hang out with my friends.
В субботу я обычно провожу время с друзьями.
They hung out at the café all afternoon.
Они провели весь день в кафе вместе.
3. go sightseeing
Значение: осматривать достопримечательности, ходить по интересным местам
We like to go sightseeing when we visit a new city.
Нам нравится осматривать достопримечательности, когда мы приезжаем в новый город.
On Sunday, I went sightseeing with my family.
В воскресенье я ходил смотреть достопримечательности с семьёй.
4. take it easy
Значение: отдыхать, не торопиться, расслабляться
On Sundays, I like to take it easy and stay at home.
В воскресенье я люблю отдыхать дома и никуда не спешить.
He decided to take it easy after a busy week.
Он решил расслабиться после напряжённой недели.
Reading Text
Weekend plans help me enjoy my free time. I usually plan ahead on Friday evening. Planning ahead allows me to decide what to do and avoid last-minute stress. I make a list of activities, such as meeting friends, going sightseeing, or relaxing at home.
On Saturday, I often hang out with my friends. We go to a café, watch a movie, or just walk around the city. Spending time with friends makes the weekend fun and relaxing.
Sometimes, we go sightseeing in our town. We visit parks, museums, or other interesting places. Going sightseeing is a great way to learn something new and enjoy the weekend.
On Sunday, I usually take it easy. I stay at home, read a book, watch a short video, or listen to music. Taking it easy helps me prepare for the next week and feel rested. Weekend plans give me a balance of activity and rest, making my free time enjoyable and meaningful.
Check Your Understanding
Why does the person plan ahead for the weekend?
Name one activity the person does with friends on Saturday.
Where does the person go when going sightseeing?
What does the person usually do on Sunday?
How do you usually spend your weekends?
Build Your Vocabulary
Exercise 1 – Multiple Choice
I like to ______ for the weekend on Friday evening.
A) hang out
B) plan ahead
C) take it easy
D) go sightseeing
On Saturday, I usually ______ with friends.
A) plan ahead
B) take it easy
C) hang out
D) go sightseeing
When we visit a new city, we like to ______.
A) take it easy
B) go sightseeing
C) hang out
D) plan ahead
On Sunday, I usually ______ at home.
A) hang out
B) take it easy
C) go sightseeing
D) plan ahead
Exercise 2 – Matching
Match the words with their translations:
plan ahead
hang out
go sightseeing
take it easy
a) осматривать достопримечательности
b) проводить время с друзьями
c) отдыхать, расслабляться
d) планировать заранее
Exercise 3 – Use It!
Write 3—4 sentences about your weekend plans. Use at least two expressions from Word Power.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
1 – B) plan ahead
2 – C) hang out
3 – B) go sightseeing
4 – B) take it easy
Exercise 2
1 – d
2 – b
3 – a
4 – c
Sample Answers
Check Your Understanding:
The person plans ahead to decide what to do and avoid last-minute stress.
On Saturday, the person hangs out with friends at a café or watches a movie.
When going sightseeing, the person visits parks, museums, or interesting places in town.
On Sunday, the person usually takes it easy at home.
Example answer: I usually spend my weekends relaxing, going for walks, and meeting friends.
Exercise 3 – Example:
This weekend, I plan ahead and decide what to do. On Saturday, I will hang out with my friends at a café. On Sunday, I will take it easy at home and read a book. It will be a fun and relaxing weekend.
Getting Ready for a Trip
Word Power
1. pack
Значение: упаковывать вещи, собирать вещи в сумку или чемодан
I need to pack my suitcase before the trip.
Мне нужно упаковать чемодан перед поездкой.
She packed clothes and toiletries carefully.
Она аккуратно упаковала одежду и туалетные принадлежности.
2. itinerary
Значение: маршрут поездки, план путешествия
I prepared an itinerary for our weekend trip.
Я подготовил маршрут нашей поездки на выходные.
The itinerary includes visits to museums and parks.
В маршруте поездки указаны посещения музеев и парков.
3. check the tickets
Значение: проверять билеты
I always check the tickets before leaving for the airport.
Я всегда проверяю билеты перед поездкой в аэропорт.
She checked the tickets to make sure everything was correct.
Она проверила билеты, чтобы убедиться, что всё верно.
4. confirm the booking
Значение: подтверждать бронирование (отель, билет и т.д.)
I called the hotel to confirm the booking.
Я позвонил в отель, чтобы подтвердить бронирование.
It is important to confirm the booking before traveling.
Важно подтвердить бронирование перед поездкой.
Reading Text
Getting ready for a trip can be exciting but also a little stressful. I usually start by packing my suitcase a day before leaving. Packing carefully helps me avoid forgetting anything. I pack clothes, shoes, toiletries, and other essentials.
After packing, I prepare an itinerary. The itinerary shows what I will do each day, where I will go, and how to get there. Planning the itinerary helps me enjoy the trip without confusion.
Before leaving, I check the tickets for the train, bus, or plane. Checking the tickets ensures that I have the right date, time, and seat number. I also confirm the booking of my hotel. Confirming the booking gives me peace of mind and avoids problems at the destination.
On the day of the trip, I pack a small bag with snacks, water, and important documents. Being organized makes the trip more enjoyable. Getting ready for a trip is not only about packing and planning; it is also about feeling prepared and excited for new experiences.
Check Your Understanding
When does the person usually pack the suitcase?
What does the itinerary show?
Why does the person check the tickets?
Why is it important to confirm the booking?
How do you usually get ready before a trip?
Build Your Vocabulary
Exercise 1 – Multiple Choice
I need to ______ my suitcase before the trip.
A) confirm the booking
B) pack
C) check the tickets
D) prepare
The ______ shows what I will do each day.
A) itinerary
B) pack
C) booking
D) tickets
I always ______ before leaving to make sure I have the correct date.
A) pack
B) check the tickets
C) prepare the itinerary
D) confirm the booking
It is important to ______ for the hotel before traveling.
A) confirm the booking
B) pack
C) check the tickets
D) prepare the itinerary
Exercise 2 – Matching
Match the words with their translations:
pack
itinerary
check the tickets
confirm the booking
a) упаковывать вещи
b) маршрут поездки
c) проверять билеты
d) подтверждать бронирование
Exercise 3 – Use It!
Write 3—4 sentences about how you get ready for a trip. Use at least two expressions from Word Power.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
1 – B) pack
2 – A) itinerary
3 – B) check the tickets
4 – A) confirm the booking
Exercise 2
1 – a
2 – b
3 – c
4 – d
Sample Answers
Check Your Understanding:
The person usually packs the suitcase a day before leaving.
The itinerary shows what to do each day, where to go, and how to get there.
The person checks the tickets to make sure they have the correct date, time, and seat.
Confirming the booking avoids problems at the hotel and gives peace of mind.
Example answer: Before a trip, I pack my bag, prepare an itinerary, check my tickets, and confirm my hotel booking.
Exercise 3 – Example:
Before my trip, I pack my suitcase with clothes and toiletries. I prepare an itinerary so I know where to go each day. I check the tickets and confirm the hotel booking to avoid any problems. I feel ready and excited for the trip.
A Change of Plans
Word Power
1. cancel
Значение: отменять
I had to cancel my meeting because I was sick.
Мне пришлось отменить встречу, потому что я был болен.
She canceled her trip due to bad weather.
Она отменила поездку из-за плохой погоды.
2. postpone
Значение: переносить, откладывать на позже
We decided to postpone the party until next weekend.
Мы решили перенести вечеринку на следующие выходные.
He postponed his appointment because he was busy.
Он отложил встречу, потому что был занят.
3. reschedule
Значение: переназначать, назначать на другое время
I had to reschedule my dentist appointment for tomorrow.
Мне пришлось переназначить приём к стоматологу на завтра.
She rescheduled the meeting to next Monday.
Она переназначила встречу на следующий понедельник.
4. unexpected
Значение: неожиданный
There was an unexpected delay at the airport.
В аэропорту произошла неожиданная задержка.
Unexpected events can change your plans quickly.
Неожиданные события могут быстро изменить ваши планы.
Reading Text
Sometimes, a change of plans happens, and we need to adapt. Last week, I planned to visit a friend in another city. I packed my bag and checked the tickets in advance. Everything seemed perfect.
However, I received a message about an unexpected problem at work. I had to cancel my trip. Canceling was disappointing because I was looking forward to visiting my friend.
Instead of canceling completely, I decided to postpone my visit. I called my friend and rescheduled the trip for the next weekend. Postponing allowed me to solve the work problem without missing the visit.
Unexpected events can be challenging, but planning ahead and being flexible helps a lot. Even when plans change, you can still enjoy your time by adapting to new situations.
Check Your Understanding
What was the person planning to do last week?
Why did they have to cancel the trip?
How did the person solve the problem instead of canceling completely?
What can help when unexpected events happen?
Can you share a time when your plans changed unexpectedly?
Build Your Vocabulary
Exercise 1 – Multiple Choice
I had to ______ my flight because of bad weather.
A) reschedule
B) postpone
C) cancel
D) unexpected
We decided to ______ the meeting to next Monday.
A) cancel
B) postpone
C) reschedule
D) unexpected
There was an ______ problem at work.
A) cancel
B) unexpected
C) postpone
D) reschedule
I called my friend to ______ the trip for next weekend.
A) cancel
B) postpone
C) reschedule
D) unexpected
Exercise 2 – Matching
Match the words with their translations:
cancel
postpone
reschedule
unexpected
a) переназначать
b) неожиданный
c) отменять
d) переносить
Exercise 3 – Use It!
Write 3—4 sentences about a time your plans changed. Use at least two expressions from Word Power.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
1 – C) cancel
2 – C) reschedule
3 – B) unexpected
4 – C) reschedule
Exercise 2
1 – c
2 – d
3 – a
4 – b
Sample Answers
Check Your Understanding:
The person was planning to visit a friend in another city.
They had to cancel the trip because of an unexpected problem at work.
They postponed and rescheduled the trip for the next weekend.
Planning ahead and being flexible can help when unexpected events happen.
Example answer: Last month, I planned to go to the park, but it rained, so I postponed the walk and stayed home instead.
Exercise 3 – Example:
I planned to meet my friend yesterday, but an unexpected problem came up at work. I had to cancel my meeting and reschedule it for today. Even though it was disappointing, I managed to adapt and still have a good time.
My First Job
Word Power
1. apply for
Значение: подавать заявление на работу, учебу или участие
I applied for my first job last summer.
Я подал заявление на свою первую работу прошлым летом.
She applied for a part-time job at a café.
Она подала заявление на работу с частичной занятостью в кафе.
2. interview
Значение: собеседование
I was nervous before my job interview.
Я волновался перед собеседованием.
He prepared answers for the interview carefully.
Он тщательно готовил ответы для собеседования.
3. get hired
Значение: быть нанятым, получить работу
After the interview, I was happy to get hired.
После собеседования я был рад, что меня наняли.
She got hired as a cashier in a supermarket.
Она получила работу кассиром в супермаркете.
4. responsibilities
Значение: обязанности, задачи на работе
My responsibilities included answering phone calls and helping customers.
Мои обязанности включали ответы на звонки и помощь клиентам.
Understanding your responsibilities helps you do your job well.
Понимание своих обязанностей помогает хорошо выполнять работу.
Reading Text
My first job was a very exciting experience. I applied for a part-time job at a small café. Before that, I had never worked, so I was nervous but also curious.
I prepared for the interview carefully. I practiced answering questions and learned about the café. On the day of the interview, I tried to stay calm and confident. After a few days, I was happy to get hired.
Starting my first job was challenging. I learned about my responsibilities, such as serving customers, cleaning tables, and handling the cash register. It was not always easy, but I enjoyed learning new skills.
Working at my first job taught me discipline, responsibility, and how to communicate with people. Even though it was a part-time job, the experience was valuable and helped me understand the world of work.
Check Your Understanding
Where did the person apply for their first job?
What did the person do to prepare for the interview?
Name one responsibility the person had at the job.
Why was the first job a valuable experience?
What kind of job would you like for your first work experience?
Build Your Vocabulary
Exercise 1 – Multiple Choice
I decided to ______ a part-time job at a café.
A) interview
B) get hired
C) apply for
D) responsibilities
Before starting, I had a job ______.
A) responsibilities
B) apply for
C) interview
D) get hired
After the interview, I was happy to ______.
A) interview
B) get hired
C) apply for
D) responsibilities
Understanding your ______ helps you do your job well.
A) interview
B) responsibilities
