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40 уроков английского языка для подростков. Все ключевые темы средней и старшей школы в одной книге
What buildings are in the city center?
Where is the school located?
Why do people like living in Rivertown?
How does the narrator feel about their city?
Answer Key
Exercise 1:
is
are
behind
between
is
Exercise 2:
b) small but beautiful
b) in the main square
b) by bus or walking
Exercise 3:
Rivertown has a river in the center, several parks, and it is quiet and safe. The city is not very big but very beautiful.
In the city center, there is a library, a museum, and a cinema. There are also many shops and cafes near the main square.
The school is between a supermarket and a park, not far from the narrator’s house.
People like living in Rivertown because it is quiet, safe, and everything is close. The city has a friendly atmosphere.
The narrator likes their city very much and often shows it to friends when they visit.
Lesson 6. Food and Cooking
Еда, блюда, любимые рецепты
Grammar Focus: Countable and Uncountable Nouns / Some / Any
При описании еды важно различать исчисляемые (countable) и неисчисляемые (uncountable) существительные, а также правильно использовать some / any.
Правила:
Countable (исчисляемые): можно посчитать. Имеют форму множественного числа: apple / apples, sandwich / sandwiches.
Uncountable (неисчисляемые): нельзя посчитать: milk, rice, bread, cheese.
Some используется в утвердительных предложениях: I have some apples.
Any используется в вопросах и отрицаниях: Do you have any bread? / I don’t have any milk.
Примеры:
I like eating apples and bananas. – Мне нравится есть яблоки и бананы.
There is some milk in the fridge. – В холодильнике есть молоко.
We don’t have any sugar. – У нас нет сахара.
Совет по запоминанию:
Создайте мини-таблицу с едой: разделите на countable и uncountable и подпишите some/any. Практикуйте каждый день.
Story
My favorite hobby is cooking. I enjoy trying new recipes and learning about different foods. On weekends, I often cook for my family.
For breakfast, I usually make eggs and toast with some butter. Sometimes I prepare pancakes with honey or jam. My sister likes eating pancakes, and my brother always asks for extra syrup.
For lunch, we often eat sandwiches, salads, or pasta. I like making salads with tomatoes, cucumbers, and cheese. I always add a little olive oil and salt. My mother often helps me when I cook lunch.
Dinner is my favorite meal of the day. Sometimes we have chicken with rice, or fish with vegetables. I like trying new dishes from different countries. Last week, I made a Mexican recipe with rice, beans, and spices. It was delicious!
I think cooking is not only fun but also useful. It helps me learn about healthy food and share tasty meals with my family. I enjoy cooking every day, and I hope one day I can become a professional chef.
Useful Words and Expressions
food – еда
dish – блюдо
recipe – рецепт
cook – готовить
breakfast – завтрак
lunch – обед
dinner – ужин
egg – яйцо
toast – тост
butter – масло
pancake – блин
honey – мёд
jam – варенье
sandwich – сэндвич
salad – салат
pasta – паста
rice – рис
chicken – курица
fish – рыба
spices – специи
Exercises
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks
I usually make eggs and ______ for breakfast.
My brother always asks for extra ______ on pancakes.
I like making salads with tomatoes, cucumbers, and ______.
Sometimes we have chicken with ______ for dinner.
Last week, I made a Mexican recipe with rice, beans, and ______.
Exercise 2: Multiple Choice
Which meal is the narrator’s favorite?
a) Breakfast
b) Lunch
c) Dinner
What does the narrator add to the salad?
a) Olive oil and salt
b) Sugar and milk
c) Butter and jam
Do they have pancakes for lunch or breakfast?
a) Breakfast
b) Lunch
c) Dinner
Exercise 3: Questions about the story
Answer in 3—4 sentences each.
What does the narrator usually cook for breakfast?
How does the narrator prepare salads?
What dishes does the narrator cook for dinner?
What special recipe did the narrator try last week?
Why does the narrator enjoy cooking?
Answer Key
Exercise 1:
toast
syrup
cheese
rice
spices
Exercise 2:
c) Dinner
a) Olive oil and salt
a) Breakfast
Exercise 3:
The narrator usually makes eggs and toast for breakfast. Sometimes they prepare pancakes with honey or jam.
The narrator makes salads with tomatoes, cucumbers, and cheese. They add a little olive oil and salt.
For dinner, they sometimes have chicken with rice or fish with vegetables.
Last week, the narrator tried a Mexican recipe with rice, beans, and spices. It was delicious.
The narrator enjoys cooking because it is fun, useful, and allows them to share tasty meals with their family.
Lesson 7. Shopping and Services
Покупки, магазины, услуги
Grammar Focus: Countable / Uncountable Nouns + How much / How many
При покупках часто нужно различать исчисляемые (countable) и неисчисляемые (uncountable) существительные, а также задавать вопросы о количестве с how much / how many.
Правила:
Countable (исчисляемые) – можно посчитать: apple / apples, pen / pens
Uncountable (неисчисляемые) – нельзя посчитать: milk, bread, cheese
How much используется для неисчисляемых: How much milk do you want?
How many используется для исчисляемых: How many apples do you need?
Примеры:
How much sugar is in the bag? – Сколько сахара в пакете?
How many bananas do you want? – Сколько бананов ты хочешь?
I need some bread and two apples. – Мне нужен хлеб и два яблока.
Совет по запоминанию:
Составьте список покупок и напишите вопросы How much / How many, чтобы практиковать грамматику на повседневной теме.
Story
Anna goes shopping every Saturday. She usually goes to the supermarket near her house. First, she checks her shopping list. She needs vegetables, fruits, bread, and milk.
When Anna arrives at the supermarket, she looks at the prices. She asks: How much is the milk? and How many tomatoes do I need? She chooses fresh vegetables and some apples. Then she goes to the bakery and buys bread. The bakery has many delicious cakes, but Anna only takes one loaf of bread.
After the supermarket, Anna often visits the pharmacy. She sometimes needs medicine or vitamins. The pharmacist is very friendly and helps her choose the right products.
Finally, Anna goes to the post office. She sends a letter to her friend and buys a few stamps. After finishing all her errands, she goes home. Shopping takes time, but Anna enjoys it. She likes choosing fresh food and visiting different stores. On the way home, she sometimes stops at a café and drinks coffee before returning home.
Useful Words and Expressions
shopping – покупки
supermarket – супермаркет
bakery – пекарня
post office – почта
pharmacy – аптека
vegetables – овощи
fruits – фрукты
bread – хлеб
milk – молоко
cake – торт, пирожное
loaf of bread – буханка хлеба
medicine – лекарства
vitamins – витамины
price – цена
how much – сколько (неисчисляемое)
how many – сколько (исчисляемое)
stamp – марка
errand – поручение, дело
café – кафе
fresh – свежий
Exercises
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks
Anna goes to the ______ near her house.
She buys vegetables, fruits, bread, and ______.
She asks: How much ______ do I need?
The bakery has many delicious ______, but she buys only one loaf of bread.
After shopping, Anna sometimes stops at a ______.
Exercise 2: Multiple Choice
Where does Anna buy medicine or vitamins?
a) Bakery
b) Pharmacy
c) Post office
What does Anna buy at the post office?
a) Letters
b) Envelopes
c) Stamps
How does Anna feel about shopping?
a) She dislikes it
b) She enjoys it
c) She is tired
Exercise 3: Questions about the story
Answer in 3—4 sentences each.
Where does Anna usually go shopping?
What does she buy at the supermarket?
What does she do at the pharmacy?
What errands does Anna do at the post office?
Why does Anna enjoy shopping?
Answer Key
Exercise 1:
supermarket
milk
tomatoes
cakes
café
Exercise 2:
b) Pharmacy
c) Stamps
b) She enjoys it
Exercise 3:
Anna usually goes shopping at the supermarket near her house. She also visits the bakery, pharmacy, and post office.
At the supermarket, she buys vegetables, fruits, bread, and milk.
At the pharmacy, she sometimes buys medicine or vitamins, and the pharmacist helps her choose.
At the post office, Anna sends a letter to her friend and buys a few stamps.
Anna enjoys shopping because she likes choosing fresh food and visiting different stores. Sometimes she stops at a café and drinks coffee, which makes the day pleasant.
Lesson 8. Travelling and Holidays
Путешествия, поездки, отдых
Grammar Focus: Past Simple / Was / Were
При рассказе о прошлых поездках и отпуске используем Past Simple для действий в прошлом. Для глагола to be – форма was (для I, he, she, it) и were (для we, you, they).
Правила:
Для правильных глаголов добавляем -ed: visited, watched, walked.
Для неправильных – используем вторую форму: went, saw, took.
Was / Were используется для описания состояния, места, настроения:
I was tired after the trip.
The hotels were comfortable.
Примеры:
I visited Paris last summer. – Я посетил Париж прошлым летом.
We were at the beach every day. – Мы были на пляже каждый день.
She took many photos during her holiday. – Она сделала много фотографий во время отпуска.
Совет по запоминанию:
Составьте мини-дневник путешествия на английском, используя Past Simple и was/were.
Story
Last summer, my family and I went to Italy for our holidays. We stayed in a small town near the sea. The hotel was comfortable, and the staff were very friendly.
Every morning, we walked along the beach and collected shells. The water was warm, and we swam every day. We also visited some local markets. I bought postcards and small souvenirs for my friends.
In the afternoons, we explored the town. We saw old churches, beautiful streets, and small cafes. One day, we took a boat trip along the coast. The view was amazing, and we took many photos.
We tried different Italian dishes. I liked pizza and pasta the most. We also tasted gelato – it was delicious!
At the end of our holiday, we were a little sad to leave, but we had many wonderful memories. I enjoyed travelling with my family because it was fun, relaxing, and we learned a lot about Italian culture. I hope we can go on another trip next summer.
Useful Words and Expressions
travel – путешествовать
holiday / vacation – отпуск, каникулы
beach – пляж
sea – море
hotel – отель
comfortable – удобный
friendly – дружелюбный
walk – гулять
collect shells – собирать ракушки
swim – плавать
local market – местный рынок
souvenir – сувенир
postcard – открытка
explore – исследовать
church – церковь
street – улица
café – кафе
pizza / pasta – пицца / паста
gelato – мороженое
memory – воспоминание
Exercises
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks
Last summer, we ______ (go) to Italy for our holidays.
The hotel ______ (be) comfortable.
We ______ (swim) in the sea every day.
I ______ (buy) souvenirs at the local market.
We ______ (take) many photos during the boat trip.
Exercise 2: Multiple Choice
Where did the family stay?
a) In a big city
b) In a small town near the sea
c) In the mountains
Which food did the narrator like the most?
a) Fish
b) Pizza and pasta
c) Sandwiches
How did the family feel at the end of the holiday?
a) Sad but happy
b) Angry
c) Tired and bored
Exercise 3: Questions about the story
Answer in 3—4 sentences each.
Where did the narrator go on holiday?
What did they do in the mornings?
What sights did they see in the town?
What foods did they try during the holiday?
Why did the narrator enjoy the trip?
Answer Key
Exercise 1:
went
was
swam
bought
took
Exercise 2:
b) In a small town near the sea
b) Pizza and pasta
a) Sad but happy
Exercise 3:
The narrator went to Italy with their family for the holidays. They stayed in a small town near the sea.
In the mornings, they walked along the beach, collected shells, and swam in the sea.
They explored the town and saw old churches, beautiful streets, and small cafes. They also visited local markets.
They tried different Italian dishes, and the narrator liked pizza and pasta the most. They also tasted gelato.
The narrator enjoyed the trip because it was fun, relaxing, and they learned a lot about Italian culture.
Lesson 9. Weather and Seasons
Погода, времена года, планы на выходные
Grammar Focus: Talking about Weather / Future Plans with «Going to»
Чтобы говорить о погоде, используем устойчивые выражения с it is (It is sunny, It is cold).
Для описания планов на будущее, особенно если решение уже принято, используем конструкцию be going to.
Правила:
It is + adjective – описание погоды:
It is warm today. – Сегодня тепло.
Be going to + verb – планы на будущее:
I am going to stay at home this weekend. – Я собираюсь остаться дома на выходных.
Формы глагола to be: am / is / are going to
Примеры:
It is rainy and windy today. – Сегодня дождливо и ветрено.
We are going to visit our grandparents this weekend. – Мы собираемся навестить бабушку и дедушку на выходных.
She is going to stay at home because it is cold. – Она собирается остаться дома, потому что холодно.
Совет по запоминанию:
Каждый вечер описывайте погоду и планы на завтра, используя It is… и I am going to…
Story
There are four seasons in my country: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Each season has its own weather, and I like them for different reasons.
Spring is usually warm and sunny. Nature becomes green, and people spend more time outside. In spring, I often go for walks and meet friends in the park.
Summer is my favorite season. It is hot, and the days are long. People go on holidays, swim in the sea, and travel to new places. This weekend, my family is going to visit a lake near our city. If the weather is good, we are going to swim and have a picnic.
Autumn is cooler and sometimes rainy. I like autumn because the air is fresh, and the trees are colorful. On rainy weekends, I usually stay at home and read books or watch movies.
Winter is cold and snowy. It gets dark early, but winter can be beautiful. When it snows, I am going to go outside and take photos. Weather often changes our plans, but every season has something special to enjoy.
Useful Words and Expressions
weather – погода
season – время года
spring – весна
summer – лето
autumn – осень
winter – зима
sunny – солнечный
rainy – дождливый
windy – ветреный
cold – холодный
warm – тёплый
snow – снег
picnic – пикник
lake – озеро
weekend – выходные
plan – план
stay at home – оставаться дома
go for a walk – идти гулять
travel – путешествовать
change plans – менять планы
Exercises
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks
It is ______ and sunny in spring.
Summer days are long and ______.
This weekend, we are going to ______ a picnic.
Autumn is often cool and ______.
When it snows, I am going to ______ photos.
Exercise 2: Multiple Choice
Which season is the narrator’s favorite?
a) Spring
b) Summer
c) Winter
What is the family going to do this weekend?
a) Stay at home
b) Visit a lake
c) Go shopping
What does the narrator usually do on rainy weekends?
a) Go swimming
b) Read books or watch movies
c) Play football
Exercise 3: Questions about the story
Answer in 3—4 sentences each.
What seasons are there in the narrator’s country?
Why does the narrator like spring?
What plans does the family have for the weekend?
How does the narrator usually spend rainy weekends?
Why does the narrator think every season is special?
Answer Key
Exercise 1:
warm
hot
have
rainy
take
Exercise 2:
b) Summer
b) Visit a lake
b) Read books or watch movies
Exercise 3:
There are four seasons in the narrator’s country: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Each season has different weather.
The narrator likes spring because it is warm and sunny, and nature becomes green. People also spend more time outside.
The family is going to visit a lake near their city. If the weather is good, they are going to swim and have a picnic.
On rainy weekends, the narrator usually stays at home and reads books or watches movies.
The narrator thinks every season is special because each one has its own weather and activities to enjoy.
Lesson 10. Health and Fitness
Здоровье, спорт, советы по образу жизни
Grammar Focus: Modal Verbs – Should / Shouldn’t
Модальный глагол should используется, чтобы давать советы и рекомендации, особенно когда говорим о здоровье и образе жизни.
Shouldn’t используется, чтобы сказать, что что-то делать не рекомендуется.
Правила:
Should + base verb (глагол без частицы to):
You should drink more water. – Тебе следует пить больше воды.
Shouldn’t + base verb:
You shouldn’t eat too much fast food. – Тебе не стоит есть много фастфуда.
Форма одинакова для всех лиц: I / you / we / they should…
Примеры:
You should exercise regularly. – Тебе следует регулярно заниматься спортом.
People shouldn’t stay up late every day. – Людям не стоит каждый день поздно ложиться спать.
We should take care of our health. – Нам следует заботиться о своём здоровье.
Совет по запоминанию:
Составьте список полезных и вредных привычек и запишите советы с should / shouldn’t.
Story
Many people want to stay healthy and feel good every day. A healthy lifestyle includes good food, regular exercise, and enough rest.
Mark is a student, and he tries to take care of his health. He knows that he should eat healthy food, so he eats fruit and vegetables every day. He also drinks a lot of water. Mark understands that he shouldn’t eat too much fast food, even though he likes it.
Mark exercises three times a week. He goes to the gym or plays football with his friends. Sport helps him stay strong and gives him more energy. After a busy day, Mark tries to relax and get enough sleep. He believes that people should sleep at least seven or eight hours a night.
On weekends, Mark likes going for long walks and spending time outside. Fresh air helps him clear his mind and reduce stress. Mark knows that a healthy lifestyle is not difficult, but it needs discipline. Small habits can make a big difference, and everyone should take care of their health.
Useful Words and Expressions
health – здоровье
healthy – здоровый
lifestyle – образ жизни
exercise – упражнения, тренироваться
sport – спорт
gym – тренажёрный зал
energy – энергия
fruit – фрукты
vegetables – овощи
water – вода
fast food – фастфуд
sleep – сон, спать
rest – отдых
habit – привычка
stress – стресс
fresh air – свежий воздух
strong – сильный
relax – расслабляться
take care of – заботиться о
difference – разница
Exercises
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks
People ______ eat healthy food to stay fit.
You ______ drink enough water every day.
Mark ______ exercise three times a week.
People ______ eat too much fast food.
We ______ take care of our health.
Exercise 2: Multiple Choice
How often does Mark exercise?
a) Every day
b) Three times a week
c) Once a month
What helps Mark reduce stress?
a) Playing video games
b) Eating fast food
c) Spending time outside
How many hours should people sleep?
a) Five hours
b) Seven or eight hours
c) Ten hours
Exercise 3: Questions about the story
Answer in 3—4 sentences each.
What does Mark do to stay healthy?
What food habits does Mark have?
How does sport help Mark?
What does Mark do to relax?
Why is a healthy lifestyle important according to the story?
Answer Key
Exercise 1:
should
should
should
shouldn’t
should
Exercise 2:
b) Three times a week
c) Spending time outside
b) Seven or eight hours
Exercise 3:
Mark eats healthy food, drinks a lot of water, and exercises regularly. He also tries to get enough sleep.
