MNC

(link in Russian)

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Свидание_с_Рамой

“See also:

(99942) Apophis is a near-Earth asteroid discovered in 2004.

1I/’Oumuamua is the first interstellar object discovered to fly through the Solar system. Opened on October 19, 2017.”

(99942) Apophis

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/99942_Apophis

“99942 Apophis (provisional designation 2004 MN4) is a near-Earth asteroid and a potentially hazardous object, 450 metres (1,480 ft) by 170 metres (560 ft) in size. Observations eliminated the possibility of an impact on Earth in 2029, when it will pass the Earth at a distance of about 31,600 kilometres (19,600 mi) above the surface. <…>

Apophis was discovered on June 19, 2004, by Roy A. Tucker, David J. Tholen, and Fabrizio Bernardi at the Kitt Peak National Observatory. <…>

When first discovered, the object received the provisional designation 2004 MN4, and early news and scientific articles naturally referred to it by that name. Once its orbit was sufficiently well calculated, it received the permanent number 99942 (on June 24, 2005). Receiving a permanent number made it eligible for naming by its discoverers, and they chose the name ‘Apophis’ on July 19, 2005. Apophis is the Greek name of Apep, an enemy of the Ancient Egyptian Sun-god Ra. He is the Uncreator, an evil serpent that dwells in the eternal darkness of the Duat and tries to swallow Ra during his nightly passage. Apep is held at bay by Set, the Ancient Egyptian god of storms and the desert.”

I noticed that the date of discovery of Apophis occurred exactly 19 years (day to day!) after the explosion of my room on June 19, 1985. It is also interesting that its number 99942 (the numbers in names are issued sequentially) can be divided into two numbers: 999 (inverted 666) and 42. And of course, the ‘historical reference’ that its name was chosen in honor of the Serpent-destroyer who tried to destroy the Sun-Ra is interesting.

The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (novel, link in Russian)

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Автостопом_по_Галактике_(роман)

“Date of first publication: October 12, 1979.

27. Arthur watches the recording. To hear from the ‘Deep Thought’ the answer to the Main question, crowds of people gathered. Loonquawl and Phouchg ask what the answer is, and hear, ‘Forty-two’.

In Douglas Adams’ Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, ‘The Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything’ was supposed to solve all the problems of the Universe. This answer was eagerly awaited by all sentient races. It was obtained as a result of seven and a half million years of continuous computing on a specially created thinking computer (Deep Thought). According to the computer, the answer was checked several times for correctness, but it may upset everyone. It turned out that the answer to the question is ‘42’.

The reaction was:

‘Forty-two!’ yelled Loonquawl. ‘Is that all you’ve got to show for seven and a half million years’ work?’”

The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (film)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy_(film)

“Shooting was completed in August 2004, and the film was released on 28 April 2005 in Europe, Australia and New Zealand, and on the following day in Canada and the United States.”

What is the distance from Earth to the nearest star Proxima Centauri? (link in Russian)

https://otvet.mail.ru/question/9329896

“The distance from the Earth to the Sun is 150,000,000 kilometers. Since light travels at a speed of 300,000 km/sec, it takes 8 minutes for it to travel the distance from the Sun to the Earth. The closest stars to us are Proxima Centauri and Alpha Centauri. The distance from them to the Earth is 270,000 times greater than the distance from the Sun to the Earth. That is, the distance from us to these stars is 270,000 times greater than 150,000,000 kilometers! Their light takes 4.5 years to reach the Earth.”

The distance from the Sun to the heliopause zone is estimated at 130–150 AU (one AU is equal to the distance from the Earth to the Sun), or 19.5–22.5 billion km.

If the Earth–Sun distance is taken as 1 millimeter, then the nearest star is 268 meters away.

If our sun is reduced to the size of a match head, then the distance to the nearest star will be approximately 1 kilometer.

The nearest star from the Sun, Proxima Centauri. Its diameter is seven times smaller than the Sun, and the same applies to its mass. Its luminosity is 0.17% that of the Sun.

Cassini's Grand Finale

Opened on January 23, 2023, at 9:24 pm:

Cassini's Grand Finale

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YSAwlkEt6wQ

Cassini-Huygens (spacecraft)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassini–Huygens

“Cassini orbiter is a space probe. It is named after the Italian-French astronomer Giovanni Cassini.

Launched aboard a Titan IVB/Centaur on October 15, 1997, Cassini was active in space for nearly 20 years, spending its final 13 years orbiting Saturn and studying the planet and its system after entering orbit on July 1, 2004

The voyage to Saturn included flybys of Venus (April 1998 and July 1999), Earth (August 1999), the asteroid 2685 Masursky, and Jupiter (December 2000). The mission ended on September 15, 2017 [at about 10:45 UTC], when Cassini's trajectory took it into Saturn's upper atmosphere and it burned up in order to prevent any risk of contaminating Saturn's moons, which might have offered habitable environments to stowaway terrestrial microbes on the spacecraft. <…>

On November 29, 2016, the spacecraft performed a Titan flyby that took it to the gateway of F-ring orbits: This was the start of the Grand Finale phase culminating in its impact with the planet. A final Titan flyby on April 22, 2017, changed the orbit again to fly through the gap between Saturn and its inner ring days later on April 26. Cassini passed about 3,100 km (1,900 mi) above Saturn's cloud layer and 320 km (200 mi) from the visible edge of the inner ring; it successfully took images of Saturn's atmosphere and began returning data the next day. After a further 22 orbits through the gap, the mission was ended with a dive into Saturn's atmosphere on September 15; signal was lost at 11:55:46 UTC on September 15, 2017, just 30 seconds later than predicted. It is estimated that the spacecraft burned up about 45 seconds after the last transmission.”

Why do I focus on this ‘sacrifice’ of a spacecraft in the atmosphere of Saturn? It's all about the date – this space probe flew for 20 years to its destination, and at the right time burned up in the atmosphere of the gas giant. This is similar to the meteorite from the previous chapter, which spent perhaps several million years in interstellar space in order to have time to ‘be near our star at a certain time’.

Let's also mention Juno:

Juno (spacecraft)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juno_(spacecraft)

“Juno is a NASA space probe orbiting the planet Jupiter. Built by Lockheed Martin and operated by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the spacecraft was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on August 5, 2011, as part of the New Frontiers program. Juno entered a polar orbit of Jupiter on July 5, 2016, to begin a scientific investigation of the planet. <…>

On August 27, 2016, at 13:44 GMT, the spacecraft passed over Jupiter at a speed of 208,000 kilometers per hour relative to the planet, and the minimum altitude was 4,200 kilometers from the upper edge of its atmosphere. The device at the same time took pictures of the North Pole area of the giant planet.”

Timeline of flights to Jupiter (links in Russian)

http://galspace.spb.ru/index45.html

http://galspace.spb.ru/index262.html

“On July 5, 2016, Juno will enter a capture orbit around Jupiter (431 m/s increment) with an initial orbital period of 78 days. The spacecraft will make 32 orbits around the planet, adjusting its orbit with maneuvers after each perijove, and, after completing the scientific program, will enter the atmosphere of Jupiter on October 16, 2017. [Since 2017, Juno's mission has been extended several times, up to 2025.]”

Saturn: Lord of the Rings (links in Russian)

http://galspace.spb.ru/index48.html

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Исследование_Сатурна

“The first Earth messenger to travel to Saturn was the American interplanetary station Pioneer-11, launched on April 6, 1973. COSPAR ID = 1973-019A.”

Opened on June 23, 2023 at 10:28 pm:

Starfall Draconids in 2017, October 8–10

https://vedmochka.net/астрология/календарь-звездопадов-2017.html

“This meteor shower begins in early October, peaking between the 8th and 10th. The maximum number of meteors per hour usually does not exceed 15.

The Draconids meteor shower is also called the Giacobinids, as it is associated with the comet 21P/Giacobini-Zinner.”

Oh, my God!

“I hope your gratitude will extend to having your Section perform a slight chore for me.”

“A chore?”

“A matter of Life-Plotting. I have the data necessary here with me. I have also the data for a suggested Reality Change in the 482nd. I want to know the effect of the Change on the probability-pattern of a certain individual.”

– The End of Eternity (Isaac Asimov, 1955)

I have a strong feeling, a certain confidence, that I learning all these events in a certain sequence, which leads to the planned necessary cultural changes in my inner world.

The sequence in receiving portions of information, and its minimum dosage, suggests the principle of MNC (Minimum Necessary Change).

Perhaps starting in 2020, I sometimes began to feel that I was feeling some ‘movement’, I could feel that I was not standing still, but moving somewhere, and this was not connected with the objects around me, nor with the manifestation of energy around me. Naturally, I liked this illusory feeling, and of course I could imagine it – for example, as ‘a movement in space with the planet’, but I understood that this feeling was a pure illusion, some kind of abstraction. Movement by itself, without going away or approaching anything.

I assume that this constant sense of movement is the result of one of the Attributes that affect me.

This illusory feeling helped me in the struggle against undesirable energy effects, because if I did not concentrate on my body or energy, but turned my attention to explicit abstract values that I was almost completely carried away, then this complicated the process of capturing my attention.

And the most likely explanation is that I play computer games every day, and while playing WoWs, I see sea waves moving towards my ship on the computer screen, which may well give rise to some external sensations of movement when the physical body is motionless.

Opened on November 24, 2023 at 11:01 am:

Oh-My-God particle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oh-My-God_particle

“The Oh-My-God particle (as physicists dubbed it) was an ultra-high-energy cosmic ray detected on October 15, 1991 by the Fly's Eye camera in Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, United States. As of 2025, it is the highest-energy cosmic ray ever observed. Its energy was estimated as (3.2±0.9)×1020 eV (320 exaelectronvolt). The particle's energy was unexpected and called into question prevailing theories about the origin and propagation of cosmic rays.

Comparisons

The Oh-My-God particle had 1020 (100 quintillion) times the photon energy of visible light, equivalent to a 140-gram (5 oz) baseball travelling at about 28 m/s (100 km/h; 63 mph). Its energy was 20 million times greater than the highest photon energy measured in electromagnetic radiation emitted by an extragalactic object, the blazar Markarian 501.

Later similar events

Since the first observation, hundreds of similar events (energy 5.7×1019 eV or greater) have been recorded, confirming the phenomenon. These ultra-high-energy cosmic ray particles are very rare; the energy of most cosmic ray particles is between 107 eV and 1010 eV.

More recent studies using the Telescope Array Project have suggested a source of the particles within a 20 degree radius ‘warm spot’ in the direction of the constellation Ursa Major.

The Amaterasu particle, named after the sun goddess in Japanese mythology, was detected in 2021 and later identified in 2023, using the Telescope Array observatory in Utah, United States. It had an energy exceeding 240 exa-electron volts (2.4×1020 eV). This particle appears to have emerged from the Local Void, an empty area of space bordering the Milky Way galaxy. It contained an amount of energy comparable to dropping a brick from the height of the waist. No promising astronomical object matching the direction from which the cosmic ray arrived has been identified.”

Oh my God (link in Russian)

https://ru.frwiki.wiki/wiki/Particule_Oh-My-God

“The energy carried by the OMG particle was 50 Joules, which is several tens of millions of times more energy than the energy of subatomic particles accelerated in the Large Hadron Collider. A particle with an energy of 2×1010-20 eV or 32 Joules was registered on December 3, 1993, and another carrier of 23 Joules on January 13, 2007, but the record for an OMG particle has not yet been broken, although it is statistically possible that some very high-energy cosmic rays coming to Earth will exceed the energy of an OMG particle.”

Mysterious cosmic rays of Amaterasu from the Local Void beyond our Galaxy (link in Russian)

https://aftershock.news/?q=node/1314817

“The newly discovered particle, named the Amaterasu after the Sun goddess in Japanese mythology, was discovered by the Cosmic Ray Observatory in the Western Utah Desert, known as the Telescope Array. The telescope array, which began operating in 2008, consists of 507 ping-pong table-sized surface detectors covering 700 square kilometers (270 square miles).

The observatory recorded more than 30 ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, but none of them was more energetic than the Amaterasu particle, which hit the atmosphere over Utah on May 27, 2021, causing a rain of secondary particles to fall to Earth, where they were picked up by detectors.

Invisible to the naked eye, the energy of this subatomic particle is equivalent to dropping a brick on your toe from waist height, according to the authors of a new study published Thursday in the journal Science. The study showed that it competes with the most energetic cosmic ray ever observed – the Oh-My-God particle, which was discovered in 1991.”

Comment from the article: “One of the main assumptions in Lev N. Gumilyov's theory of passionarity was certain energy impacts on the Earth's surface in different historical periods. According to the author of the theory, a certain combination of landscapes, different peoples living and bordering each other and having a complementarity (mutual attraction) plus starting energy strike from the far depths of space, generated a core of very active people who formed a new idea, a new community, and being many times more energetic than ordinary people (passionaries) began to form a new organism – an ethnic group. Which, having already received such a start, began to grow in the phenomena described and understood by man, created history.”

A mystery covered in darkness, or riddles of the particle Oh-My-God! (link in Russian)

https://vk.com/@stardust42-taina-pokrytaya-mrakom-ili-zagadki-chasticy-oh-my-god

“However, on October 15, 1991, even the most highly qualified physicists will come to the conclusion that not all the mysteries of the cosmos can be solved by humans. On this day, or rather, in the evening of this day, when the sun in Utah, USA, has already set over the horizon, the detector with the funny name ‘Fly's Eye’ (or, more scientifically, HiRes – High Resolution Fly's Eye Cosmic Detector) recorded an ultraviolet flash in the sky – this is there was a trace of a superparticle that would later take over the minds of the world's physicists. Its speed was 99.99999999999999999996% of the speed of light, and its energy was 320 eV! It was a case of the Universe's mockery of all mankind: the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) limit was shatteringly broken; the record for the speed of elementary particles achieved at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) – the most powerful and large-scale experimental facility of our time – was broken tens of millions of times; Albert Einstein's titanic theory of the speed of light as an elementary particle is being questioned. After seeing the indicators on the dashboards, the researchers did not hesitate to christen the phenomenon with the particle Oh-My-God! This was the starting point of a new hunt for the physicists of the world – the hunt for the elusive energy monster and the source that produced it.

However, when talking about ‘catching’ such particles, we should mention the existing problems: first, superparticles with an energy of more than 1 eV are extremely rare – they arrive on Earth once a century and bombard the territory within 1 km^2, and secondly, ground-based detectors register not a cosmic ray particle directly, but a secondary particles generated by the interaction of the primary particle with the upper atmosphere. Secondary particles (such as pions, hadrons, photons, muons, neutrons, electrons, and protons) are already being released in millions instead of the single primary, and they are no longer pouring down to Earth in a stream, but in a cascade, called a broad atmospheric shower in astronomy. The width of such a shower can reach several kilometers, and, therefore, in order to unravel the secrets of primary ultra-high-energy particles encoded in secondary particles, ‘hunters’ need to place their ‘traps’ in giant territories.

One of these ‘traps’, as already noted, was the High Resolution Fly's Eye detector, which by a happy coincidence managed to track the legendary particle. This was the first detector to use the principle of air fluorescence: when a cosmic ray crashes into the upper atmosphere, the particles interact with air molecules – with the nuclei of gas atoms; when a charged particle interacts with the nucleus of a nitrogen atom, the latter is excited and moves to a higher energy level; the excitation energy released in this case has the form weak glow – bands of ultraviolet light, which is detected by the detector. By examining this radiation, the detector can determine the energy of the primary particle and the approximate flight path.

On the other side of the world – in Japan, 120 km west of Tokyo (in Akeno), there is another observatory for catching ultra-high-energy cosmic rays – the Akeno Giant Air Shower Array (AGASA). The stations of this detector stretched over an area of 100 km^2 and worked on a completely different principle – the scintillation principle. It consists in the fact that the detector detects particles no longer in the air, but at the moment when they reach the surface of the earth. Of the secondary particles, only electrons and muons reach the earth, and when they enter a transparent scintillator (plastic, liquid, or crystal), they cause a glow in it – scintillations that are recorded by photomultipliers. By recording the time the secondary subatomic particle reaches the earth at different stations, you can investigate where the primary particle came from.

But, as it turned out, these two detectors came to opposite conclusions regarding the existence of the GZK limit. If HiRes, according to the data obtained, established that the primary particle arrives to us from nearby sources, which does not refute the existence of the GZK limit, then AGASA, on the contrary, recorded that the deposit of such ultra-high-energy particles is located in distant sources, more than 500 million light-years from Earth, which negates the entire hypothesis of Greisen, Zatsepin and Kuzmin. So how do you know the truth?

Most cosmic rays are caused by explosions on the Sun, but this source is not so powerful as to give acceleration to a particle such as Oh-My-God. Pulsars are already more powerful, but their magnetic field is too weak to hold an accelerated particle; even if we are talking about magnetars – pulsars with a strong magnetic field – while moving in a circle, the particle will still spend energy emitting electromagnetic radiation and, eventually, will fly out, losing the necessary energy reserve.

Thus, supermassive black holes, colliding galaxies, and supernovae remain candidates for the role of a cosmic superparticle accelerator. Speaking of black holes, it should be noted that acceleration in this case occurs due to quasar jets: a black hole located in the center of the quasar, as a result of accretion – absorption of surrounding matter – acquires a huge mass and emits super-powerful radiation – a jet, which can serve as a source of particle acceleration.

There is another potential way for a superparticle to form – when it is initially born with ultra-high energy.

Such a fuss about cosmic rays is quite due, because the study of superparticles will help us not only to learn the mysteries of the Universe, but also to discover the connection between them and the physical processes taking place on Earth. Moreover, it has not yet been established whether Oh-My-God particles are really neutral in terms of their effect on the human body – perhaps such atmospheric showers can make changes in our DNA chains.”

I should note that I became interested in this particle, since its discovery on October 15, 1991, was close to the time when I watched the premiere of the film Mona Lisa directed by N. Studnev (October–November 1991) in the cinema and abruptly changed my fate. I wrote about this in the book 19+.

Farewell to Arecibo

Found on January 30, 2025 at 4:13 pm:

Could it be aliens? Scientists have discovered something strange in space! Astrophysicist Vladimir Surdin (video in Russian)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaIW1Zt308E

“The first radio signal from space was detected in 1973.”

I became interested in this ‘in 1973’, asked a question to Google and opened at 10:10 pm:

The mystery of the ‘Wow!’ signal revealed: A Natural explanation for the Mysterious Radio Signal (August 22, 2024, first link in Russian)

https://www.ixbt.com/news/2024/08/22/raskryta-tajna-signala-wow-estestvennoe-objasnenie-zagadochnogo-radiosignala.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-wow-deciphered-hydrogen.html

“In 1977, astronomers received a powerful, unusual radio signal from the constellation Sagittarius, which was called the ‘Wow! Signal’. This signal became public knowledge in the SETI world and caused a lot of excitement. Some thought it was of extraterrestrial origin and could have come from some kind of human-made interference, and some thought it could have been the result of an unexplained natural phenomenon.

The signal was detected by the ‘Big Ear’ radio telescope Ohio State University, which was used in the university's SETI Search for Extraterrestrial intelligence program from 1973 to 1995. This program is the longest running SETI program in history. <…>

New research shows that the ‘Wow!’ it has a very natural explanation.

A study called ‘Arecibo Wow! I: An Astrophysical Explanation for the Wow! Signal’ was conducted by Abel Méndez of the Planetary Habitability Laboratory at the University of Puerto Rico in Arecibo.

The researchers found that the signal was caused by a sudden increase in intensity from stimulated hydrogen line radiation due to a strong short-term radiation source, such as a magnetar flare or a soft repeating gamma-ray burst (SGR) source.