Memoirs of the Duchesse de Dino (Afterwards Duchesse de Talleyrand et de Sagan), 1831-1835

SIDNEY, Sophia, Lady. Lady Sophia Fitzclarence, a natural daughter of William IV. of England. Married, in 1825, Philip Charles Sidney, Baron de l'Isle and Dudley.

SIEYÈS, Abbé (1748-1836). He was Vicar-General of Chartres, and one of the greatest politicians of his time. He made manifest the power of the Tiers État, and was the author of several of the most important measures of the Revolution. He was a member of the Conseil des Cinq Cents, and was made a Senator and a Count by Napoleon.

SOBIESKI, John III., King of Poland (1629-1696). One of the national heroes of his country; he conquered the Turks and delivered Vienna when besieged by Kara Mustapha.

SOMERSET, Duke of (1773-1855). Edward Saint Maur, Baron Seymour. He married Lady Hamilton.

SOPHIA OF ENGLAND, Princess (1777-1848). One of the daughters of George III. of England. She died unmarried.

SOULT, Nicholas Jean de Dieu (1769-1852). He took part in all the Campaigns of the Revolution and the Empire. After the taking of Königsberg, he was made Duc de Dalmatie. Exiled by the Second Restoration he attached himself to the Government of 1830, and was twice Minister of War, and President of the Council.

SPRING RICE, Sir Thomas (1790-1866). He was raised to the Peerage in 1839, as Lord Monteagle of Brandon. He was Under Secretary of State for the Home Department in 1827, then Secretary to the Treasury, and in 1834, Secretary of State for the Colonies. In 1835 he became Chancellor of the Exchequer. He was a Fellow of the Royal Society, and of the Royal Astronomical Society.

STAËL, Madame de (1766-1817). Née Necker, famous for her talent and her banishment.

STAËL, Baronne de. Adelaïde Vernet, grand-daughter of the Swiss Professor Pictet. Married in 1826 Auguste, Baron de Staël, son of the famous Madame de Staël.

STANLEY, Edward Geoffrey (1799-1869). An English statesman better known as the Earl of Derby, to which title he succeeded in 1831. He was Under Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1827. Then (1830-1833) Chief Secretary for Ireland. As Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1833 he passed the Bill for the Emancipation of Slaves. In 1858 he pacified India and reorganised its administration. He married in 1825 the second daughter of Lord Skelmersdale.

STANLEY, Edward, Baron (1801-1869). Member of the British Parliament from 1831. He was Under Secretary of State, Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs, and Postmaster-General. He married in 1826 a daughter of Viscount Dillon.

STEVENS, Catherine (1794-1872). An English singer who was much admired. She appeared at Covent Garden, then at Drury Lane. She retired in 1815, and in 1838 married the Earl of Essex.

STRATFORD DE REDCLIFFE, Lord. Sir Stratford Canning (1788-1880). Cousin of the celebrated Canning and an English diplomatist. He was Minister Plenipotentiary in Switzerland, took part in the Congress of Vienna in 1815, and was Ambassador at Constantinople from 1851 till 1858, when he retired. He was created Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe.

STUART OF ROTHESAY, Lady (1789-1867). A daughter of Lord Hardwicke. She married in 1816.

SURREY, Earl of (1815-1860). Eldest son of the Duke of Norfolk. Elected to Parliament in 1837, where he posed as a zealous Catholic. In 1839 he married a daughter of Lord Lyons, and he became Duke of Norfolk on the death of his father in 1856.

SUSSEX, Augustus Frederick, Duke of (1773-1843). One of the sons of King George III. of England. He was Grand Master of Freemasons in that country.

SUCHET, Marie (1820-1835). Daughter of Marshal Suchet, Duc d'Albuféra. She was an intimate friend of Mlle. Pauline de Périgord, and died young.

SUTHERLAND, Duchess of, died 1868. Daughter of Lord Carlisle; she married the Duke of Sutherland in 1823. The Duchess was Mistress of the Robes to Queen Victoria.

T

TAHMASP-KOULI-KHAN, NADIR SHAH, King of Persia (1688-1747). At first a camel driver and then a brigand. He entered the service of Tahmasp II., brought the affairs of that Prince into a most flourishing condition by defeating the Turks, and then deposed him. After an interval of regency, he caused himself to be proclaimed Shah of Persia. He reduced the Afghans, who had revolted, and attacked the Empire of the Great Mogul. He oppressed the Persians, who hated him, and he was killed by his own generals.

TALLEYRAND-PÉRIGORD, Cardinal de (1736-1821). Alexandre Angélique, second son of Daniel de Talleyrand-Périgord and Marie de Chamillart, Lady-in-Waiting to the Queen. He entered the Church, was made almoner to the King, Vicar-general of Verdun, and in 1766 coadjutor to the Archbishop of Rheims, whom he succeeded in 1777. Deputy to the States-General in 1789, he struggled against innovation and left the country. A councillor of Louis XVIII. at Mittau, Mouseigneur de Périgord became, in 1808, his grand almoner; his was the first name inscribed on the list of Peers in 1814, and in 1817 he obtained the Cardinal's hat and the Archbishopric of Paris.

TALLEYRAND, Prince de (1754-1838). Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord, Prince of Benevento, Duc de Dino, a Peer, Grand Chamberlain of France, and a member of the Institut. Lame from birth he was destined for the Church, although the eldest of his family. A pupil of Saint-Sulpice, he completed his ecclesiastical studies there, and was at first known as the Abbé de Périgord. In 1788 he was Bishop of Autun; in 1789 a member of the States-General. Afterwards he was obliged to take refuge in America, from which he returned in 1797. He was made Minister for Foreign Affairs by the Directory, and for eight years directed the external policy of France. In his capacity of Vice-Grand Elector of the Empire he was able, in 1814, to convoke the Senate and proclaim the deposition of the Emperor. He represented Louis XVIII. at the Congress of Vienna. In 1830 Louis-Philippe appointed him Ambassador in London. The last act of his public life was the conclusion of the Quadruple Alliance between France, England, Spain and Portugal.

TALLEYRAND, Princesse de (1762-1835). Daughter of Captain Werlée of the navy and Laurence Allany. She was born on the Coromandel Coast of India, and at the age of fifteen she married at Calcutta a Civil Servant named George Grant; she was, however, divorced a year later. Towards 1780 Mrs. Grant sailed for Europe, and settled at Paris, where she married the Prince de Talleyrand in 1802. She separated from her husband and retired to Auteuil. She died in 1835 and was buried at Montparnasse with this inscription: "The widow of Mr. Grant, afterwards civilly married to the Prince de Talleyrand."

TALLEYRAND-PÉRIGORD, Baronne de (1800-1873). Charlotte-Alix-Sarah, wife of Baron Alexandre-Daniel de Talleyrand, Conseiller d'État, by whom she had three children.

TALLEYRAND-PÉRIGORD, Edmond, Comte de (1787-1872). Duc de Dino from 1817, and Duc de Talleyrand after the death of his father in 1838. He married in 1809 Princess Dorothea of Courlande. A brave officer and a good comrade, he was singled out for praise among the aides-de-camp of Major-General Berthier. He took part in the campaigns of the Grand Armée. He was Commander of the Order of Saint-Louis, Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour, and Knight Grand Cross of the Order of S. Ferdinand of Spain. He passed the last forty years of his life at Florence, where he died.

TALMA, François Joseph (1766-1826). A celebrated tragic actor much liked by Napoleon, who paid his debts more than once.

TANKERVILLE, Lady. Died 1865. Daughter of Antoine, Duc de Gramont. She married Lord Tankerville in 1806.

TAYLOR, Sir Herbert (1775-1839). At first an officer in the army, he became private secretary to his friend the Duke of York, and was transferred in the same capacity to the service of King George III. He was charged with several delicate missions in Sweden and Holland. He married a daughter of Edward Disbrowe.

TERCEIRA, Duke of, Marquis of Villaflor (1790-1860). A Portuguese General. He placed himself at the head of the partisans of Dom Pedro and helped him to expel Dom Miguel. He married as his second wife the daughter of the Marquis de Loulé.

TESTE, Jean Baptiste (1780-1852). A French jurisconsult. Deputy in 1831; a Liberal. In 1839 he became Minister of Justice, in 1840 of Public Works. In 1843 he was made a Peer of France and President of the Cour de Cassation, but the end of his life was saddened by a deplorable case in which he was compromised.

THIARD DE BUSSY, Comte de (1772-1852). A French General, Chamberlain to Napoleon in 1804. He accompanied him as aide-de-camp in the campaigns of 1805-1807, but afterwards retired. Louis XVIII. made him Maréchal de Camp. A Deputy in 1815, he sat almost without interruption until 1848, and then became for a year Minister in Switzerland.

THIERS, Adolphe (1797-1877). A French statesman and historian. He commenced his career in Paris as a journalist, founded the National in 1830, became Minister in 1832, and President of the Council in 1836 and 1840. As Deputy he vainly opposed the war of 1870. He was President of the Republic in 1871.

THIERS, Madame (1815-1880). Elise Dosne; she was only sixteen when she married M. Thiers, to whom she brought a large fortune.

THORWALDSEN, Bartholomew (1769-1844). A celebrated Danish sculptor. Son of a poor sailor in Copenhagen, he paid long visits to Italy, where he worked very hard. He founded a museum at Copenhagen, to which he left his immense fortune.

TORENO, José, Count (1786-1843). A Spanish statesman. A member of the Cortes from 1811, he procured the abolition of the Inquisition. He was made Finance Minister, then President of the Council with the portfolio of Foreign Affairs. He retired from public life in 1835.

TRÉVISE, Duc de. See MORTIMER.

TULLEMORE, Lady. Died 1848. Sister of the Duke of Argyll. Married 1821.

TYSKIEWICZ, Princess (1765-1834). Maria Theresa, daughter of Prince Andrew Poniatowski, second brother of the King. She married Count Vincent Tyskiewicz, but kept her title of Princess. Her husband was Referendary of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Princess was a great friend of the Prince de Talleyrand. She almost always stayed at Valençay when in France, and is buried there.

V

VALENÇAY, Duc de (1811-1898). Louis de Talleyrand-Périgord, Duc de Talleyrand et de Valençay, Duc de Sagan after the death of his mother; son of Edmond, Duc de Talleyrand, and Princess Dorothea of Courlande, Knight of the Golden Fleece of Spain and of the Black Eagle of Prussia. He married first in 1829 Alix, daughter of the Duc de Montmorency; then Countess Hatzfeld, daughter of Marshal de Castellane. The Duc de Valençay was the eldest son of the Duchesse de Dino.

VALENÇAY, Duchesse de (1810-1858). Alix, daughter of the Duc de Montmorency and Caroline de Matignon.

VALOIS, a French dynasty which came to the throne with Philip VI. in 1328 and ended with Henri III. in 1576.

VAN DYCK, Sir Antony (1599-1641). A Flemish painter, a pupil of Rubens. He travelled in Italy, Holland, France and England, where he went and settled on the invitation of Charles I.

VANTADOUR, Duchesse de (1799-1863). Daughter of Comte d'Aubusson la Feuillade and his first wife, Mlle. de Refouville. She married the Duc de Lévis et de Vantadour.

VAUDÉMONT, Princesse de (1763-1832). Elise Marie Colette de Montmorency Logny married in 1778 Prince Joseph de Vaudémont, of the House of Lorraine, who died in 1812. She was an intimate friend of M. de Talleyrand and was a good and clever woman who had retained many of the customs of the ancien régime.

VICTORIA, Queen (1819-1901). Daughter of the Duke of Kent, fourth son of George III., who died in 1820. She ascended the throne in 1837 on the death of her uncle William IV. In 1840 the young queen married her cousin Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.

VIENNET, Jean Guillaume (1777-1868). A French man of letters who was elected to the Academy in 1830.

VILLEMAIN, Abel François (1790-1870). A professor, author and politician. A member of the Académie française from 1822 and a Peer of France. He was twice Minister of Public Instruction and from 1835 was Perpetual Secretary of the Académie.

VISCONTI-AYMI, Marchesa, died 1831 at Paris. Née Carcano. She belonged to the most elegant society of Milan in the days of the vice-royalty of Eugène de Beauharnais. She married first the Comte Sopranzi by whom she had a son who was aide-de-camp to Marshal Berthier, a great friend of hers.

VITROLLES, Eugène d'Arnaud, Baron de (1774-1854). Served in Condé's Army, was appointed Minister of State in 1814, but was so violent that Louis XVIII. dismissed him. At his accession Charles X. made him Ambassador at Turin. In 1795 he married Mlle. de Folleville.

VIVONNE, Louis Victor de Rochechouart, Comte de (1636-1688). Afterwards Duc de Mortemart, and a Marshal of France. He enjoyed rapid promotion owing to the influence of his sister, Madame de Montespan. He was celebrated for his wit, his epigrams and his corpulence.

VOGÜÉ, Charles, Comte de. He married Mlle. de Béranger, and was a brother of the Marquis de Vogüé.

VOLTAIRE, M. de (1694-1778). François Marie Arouet de Voltaire, son of a treasurer of the Chambre des Comptes. He exercised an immense influence on the literature and philosophy of the eighteenth century.

W

WARD, Sir Henry George (1798-1860). Son-in-law of Lord Grey, entered the British Diplomatic Service in 1816 as Attaché at Stockholm, a position he also occupied at The Hague and Madrid. He entered Parliament in 1832 and was made Commissioner for the Ionian Islands in 1849. From 1856 until his death he was Governor of Ceylon.

WARWICK, Guy, Earl of, died 1471. Surnamed the King-maker. Brother of Richard of York, he urged him to make good his claim to the Crown, then he caused Edward IV. to be proclaimed, and finally set Henry VI. on the throne and procured the Regency for himself.

WARWICK, Earl of (1779-1853). Henry Richard Greville, Lord Brooke. Through the female line he was descended from the ancient family of Beauchamp.

WARWICK, Lady, died 1851. Married first Lord Monson, and secondly the Earl of Warwick.

WEIMAR, Charles Bernard, Duke of (1792-1862). A general in the service of the Netherlands. He married in 1815 Ida, Princess of Saxe-Meiningen, Sister of Queen Adelaide. His son Prince Edward of Weimar entered the British service.

WELLESLEY, Marquess (1760-1842). Richard, Earl of Mornington, elder brother of the Duke of Wellington. Governor-General of India in 1797, he became Minister for Foreign Affairs in 1810 and Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland in 1822.

WELLINGTON, Duke of (1769-1852). Third son of Viscount Wellesley, Earl of Mornington, served in 1797 in the Indian army, returned to England in 1805. Commanded the British army in the Peninsula and conquered Napoleon at Waterloo. He was a member of several Ministries.

WERTHER, Wilhelm, Baron von (1772-1859). A Prussian diplomatist. Was Minister at Paris (1824-1837) and Minister for Foreign Affairs at Berlin (1837-1841). He married Sophia, Countess Sandizell, a Bavarian lady who died in 1853.

WESSENBERG, Ampringen, Baron (1773-1858). An Austrian diplomatist, was a member of the Conferences at London in 1830, and in 1848 was for a short time Minister for Foreign Affairs.

WEYER, Sylvan van de (1803-1874). A Belgian statesman and man of letters. He was charged with an important mission to London, and succeeded in obtaining the acceptance of the proposition to summon a Conference in London to settle the new Belgian constitution, and the recognition of Prince Leopold of Coburg as King of the Belgians. In 1845 he was recalled to preside over the Cabinet, and in 1846 again became Ambassador in London till 1867, when he retired from public life.

WILLIAM II., King of the Netherlands (1792-1849). Married in 1818 Anna Paulowna, daughter of the Czar Paul of Russia, and had a peaceful and prosperous reign.

WILLIAM IV., King of England (1765-1837). He ascended the throne at the age of sixty-five, succeeding his brother, George IV. He reigned from 1830 to 1837. He married in 1818 Adelaide, daughter of the Duke of Saxe-Meiningen.

WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR, or the Bastard, Duke of Normandy and King of England (1027-1087). He conquered England in 1066, and strongly organised his kingdom by creating a feudal nobility.

WILLIAM TELL. Died 1354. One of the leaders of the revolt which freed Switzerland in 1307.

WILLOUGHBY COTTON, Sir Henry (1796-1865). A Member of the House of Commons.

WINCHELSEA, Lord (1791-1858). George William Hatton. His first wife was a daughter of the Duke of Montrose. In 1829 he had a famous duel with the Duke of Wellington. The Duke missed his adversary, and Lord Winchelsea fired in the air.

WORONZOFF, Countess. Died in 1832 in London. Catherine Siniavin, wife of General Woronzoff.

WÜRTEMBERG, King of (1781-1864). William I. succeeded to the throne in 1816. He married, first, the Grand Duchess Catherine of Russia, and secondly, his cousin, the Duchess Pauline of Würtemberg.

WÜRTEMBERG, Princess Maria of (1816-1863). Daughter of King William I. She married in 1840 Major-General Count Neipperg.

WÜRTEMBERG, Princess Sophia of (1818-1877). Sister of the foregoing. Married in 1839 William III., King of the Netherlands.

Y

YARBOROUGH, Lord (1812-1851). An officer of the Royal Household in 1831.

YORK, Duke of (1763-1827). Brother of King George IV. and King William IV. He married Princess Frederica of Prussia.

Z

ZEA BERMEDEZ, Don Francisco (1772-1850). A Spanish diplomatist. Chargé d'Affaires at St. Petersburg 1809-1820, afterwards Ambassador at Constantinople. In 1824 he was appointed Minister for Foreign Affairs; in 1825 was Ambassador at Dresden; and from 1828 till 1833 Ambassador in London. From 1834 he almost constantly lived in Paris, where he died.

ZEA BERMEDEZ, Madame, wife of the foregoing. She was very popular in Society, owing to her distinction and amiability. She was born at Malaga.

ZUMALACARREGUY, Thomas (1789-1835). A Spanish general in command of the Royal Guard at the death of Ferdinand VII. He resigned his appointment and declared for Don Carlos, and waged a terrible war on the followers of Queen Christina.

ZUYLEN VAN NYEVELT, Baron Hugo (1781-1853). A Dutch statesman. He took an active part in his country's efforts to shake off the rule of Napoleon I. He was Ambassador at Paris, Madrid, Stockholm, and Constantinople. He returned to The Hague in 1829, and was very active in 1830, on the occasion of the Belgian Revolution. He was afterwards sent with Falk to the Conference of London. From 1833 till 1848 he held several portfolios, and soon after the latter date retired into private life.

1

Of King William IV.

2

Eridge Castle is in the county of Sussex, and still belongs to the Abergavenny family.

3

Warsaw, capital of the Duchy of the same name, had been ceded to the Russians in 1815. In November 1830 a terrible insurrection broke out there, which liberated Poland for several months; but, in spite of a glorious campaign against Diebitsch, Warsaw was finally retaken by Parkéwitch on September 8, 1831.

4

Stoke is situate in the county of Stafford, and has a great porcelain manufactory founded by Wedgwood.

5

(1) Doña Jennaria, born 1819; (2) Doña Paula, born 1823; (3) Doña Francisca, born 1824; (4) Dom Pedro, born 1825, who in 1831 became Emperor of Brazil under a regency.

6

On the occasion of the Revolution in France in 1830, new agitations arose in Switzerland. Bâle divided itself in 1831 into Bâle-Ville and Bâle-Campagne.

7

Miaulis had retired to Paros, and had put himself at the head of the rebellious Hydriotes.

8

From March to September 1831 insurrection, or at least agitation and tumult, was almost continual in the streets of Paris.

9

M. de Courcel.

10

Leopold I., elected King of the Belgians in 1831, married in 1832 Louise, Princess of Orléans, daughter of Louis-Philippe, King of the French.

11

In 1832 King Ferdinand VII. became so seriously ill that he was thought to be dead. Calomarde then joined the Carlists, and forced the dying monarch to sign a decree cancelling the declaration of 1830 abolishing the Salic Law in Spain.

12

Valençay, where the Duchesse de Dino had just gone, is situate in the Department of the Indre. The château and the park are magnificent, and the ornamental water is very fine. The house was built in the sixteenth century by the d'Étampes family, from the designs of Philibert Delorme. In 1808 and 1814 it served as the prison of Ferdinand VII. and the Spanish Princes when they were detained by Napoleon I. The Prince de Talleyrand, who had bought the property at the end of the eighteenth century, was very fond of the place and lived there a great deal.

13

The three great allied powers – Austria, Prussia and Russia – held meetings in three successive years either at Téplitz or at Münchengraetz for joint deliberation on the European situation. There by a new secret compact they guaranteed to each other their respective possessions in Poland, whether against external aggression or internal revolution. They also considered the affairs of France and Italy, and the constant activities of Italian societies and refugees in French territory, which were then causing serious anxiety about the tranquillity of the Peninsula. It was finally decided that the Cabinets of Austria, Prussia and Russia should each send a separate note to the Government of King Louis-Philippe, urging a more careful surveillance of the revolutionary propaganda.

14

Louis-Antoine, Duc d'Angoulême (1773-1844), eldest son of King Charles X., married during the emigration in 1799 his cousin Marie Thérèse Charlotte, daughter of King Louis XVI. and Queen Marie Antoinette, but had no children. After 1830 the Duc d'Angoulême ceded his rights to his nephew, the Duc de Bordeaux (Comte de Chambord), and retired into private life.

15

The little Court of Charles X. was the scene of two factions, one being the partisans of inertia, though not of resignation; the other, being all in favour of action. Mme. de Gontaut fell a victim to the former, a letter in which she expressed disapproval of the situation to her daughter, Mme. de Rohan, having been intercepted. The King, whom she accused of weakness, reproached her violently, and after the interview she finally left Prague and the Court.

16

A follower of Socinus, who disbelieved in the Trinity and in the Divinity of Christ.

17

No. 21 Hanover Square, the French Embassy of the period.

18

Here we have a natural explanation of what astonished readers of the Memoirs of the Prince de Talleyrand, which appeared in 1891 under the supervision of the Duc de Broglie. The controversy which then arose as to whether M. de Bacourt had not cut down the text cannot be more authoritatively set at rest than by this passage from Madame de Dino's journal.

19

The Duc de Fleury, grand-nephew of the Cardinal.

20

Almack's was an academy of fashion where all the best society in London collected. The patronesses were six ladies of high rank; every man of the world had to make his début at Almack's.

21

Through her mother Lady Jersey was the grand-daughter of Robert Child, the banker.

22

This house still belongs to the Hope family, and contains a remarkable picture gallery. The park and the Italian garden are among the finest in England.

23

Denbies now belongs to Mr. G. Cubitt; it is situated in the county of Surrey, near Dorking.

24

The following was the composition of Lord Grey's Cabinet: First Lord of the Treasury, Earl Grey; Lord Chancellor, Lord Brougham; Lord President of the Council, the Marquess of Lansdowne; Lord Privy Seal, the Earl of Durham; Chancellor of the Exchequer, Lord Althorp; Home Secretary, Viscount Melbourne; Foreign Secretary, Viscount Palmerston; Colonial Secretary, Viscount Goderich; President of the Board of Trade, Lord Auckland; First Lord of the Admiralty, Sir James Graham; Postmaster-General, the Duke of Richmond; Chief Secretary for Ireland, Mr. Stanley; Paymaster-General, Lord John Russell; President of the Board of Control, Mr. Charles Grant; Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Lord Holland.