Ireland under the Tudors, with a Succinct Account of the Earlier History. Vol. 1 (of 3)

355

Martin Pirry to the Privy Council, Feb. 21, 1551; St. Leger to the same, March 23.

356

Instructions to Sir James Croft, Feb. 25, 1551, in Carew; Sir John Mason to the Privy Council, April 18, printed by Fraser Tytler.

357

Articles against Andrew Brereton, Nov. 1550; St. Leger to Cecil, Jan. 19, 1551. The Council in Ireland to the Privy Council, May 20.

358

St. Leger to Cecil, Jan. 19, 1551; Brady’s Episcopal Succession.

359

This conference is detailed in Mant’s Church History, pp. 194, 199. See also Ware’s Life of Browne. The conference was held in St. Mary’s Abbey, the residence of Dowdall, he having refused to attend the Lord Deputy at Kilmainham.

360

Browne to Warwick, ut supra. Examination of Oliver Sutton, March 23, 1552.

361

St. Leger to Cecil, Jan. 19, 1551. Deposition of Sir John Alen, March 19, in the deponent’s own hand. ‘The Bishop of Kildare (Lancaster),’ he says, ‘came to me persuading me on his behalf to put in writing the words Mr. St. Leger spoke to me in Kilmainham, to whom I made this answer, “Show my lord that albeit I love his little toe better than all Mr. St. Leger’s body, yet I will do nothing against truth.”’

362

Bicton’s curious will is printed in Cotton’s Fasti, vol. ii. Appendix.

363

Croft to Warwick, May 1551; Instructions to Desmond and others July 1; Archbishop Browne to Warwick, Aug. 6.

364

Cusack to Warwick, Sept. 27, 1551.

365

Cusack to Warwick, Sept. 27, 1551; Instructions to Mr. Wood, Sept. 29, with Cecil’s notes, ‘Keep him (Tyrone) still, participating the cause thereof to the nobility;’ Hill’s MacDonnells of Antrim, chap. iii.

366

Ancient Laws and Institutes of Ireland, vol. iii. p. 146; Maine’s Early History of Institutions, p. 53.

367

Bagenal to Croft, Oct. 27, 1551.

368

Bagenal to Croft, Nov. 11, 1551; Sir Thomas Cusack’s Book, May 8, 1552; Four Masters, ad ann. 1551.

369

Mant, pp. 209-210, from a Clarendon MS. The letters which passed between Croft and Dowdall are given by Mant from the Harris MSS.

370

Browne to Warwick, Aug. 6, 1551; Ware’s Browne.

371

Instructions for Mr. Thomas Wood, July 28, 1551; and the King’s answer, Aug. 17.

372

Strype’s Cranmer, book ii. chap. xxviii., and Appendices 65 and 66.

373

Instructions for Mr. Wood, Sept. 29, 1551. Cecil wrote on the margin ‘denied for the King liketh no union.’ The King’s amended answer, Nov. 26.

374

Croft to Cecil, March 14, 1552; to the Marquis of Winchester, March 22.

375

W. Crofton to Cecil, April 12, 1551; Lord Deputy and Council to Privy Council, Aug. 30, and the answer in Nov.; Croft to Northumberland, Dec. 22; Lord Deputy and Council to the Privy Council, Jan. 27, 1552 – ‘idleness decayeth nobility, one of the principal “kayes” of a commonwealth, and bringeth magistrates in contempt and hatred of the people,’ and the petition enclosed. Croft to Cecil, March 14, and to Winchester, March 22. Ware’s Annals.

376

Wicklow tinstone has never been thought workable, see Kane’s Industrial Resources, p. 210. Dr. Kane does not seem to have known anything of the Clonmines venture. Lord Deputy St. Leger and Council to Henry VIII., Oct. 24, 1541, and June 4, 1543. St. Leger acted on the advice of Thomas Agard, a mining expert. Minute of Council in S.P., 1546. St. Leger, Croft, and others to the Privy Council, May 20, 1551; Robert Record, surveyor of mines to the Privy Council, Feb. 1552. Harman’s certificate, same date. Joachim Gundelfinger to the Privy Council, May 15. Reports on the mines, Aug. 1552, and Feb. and April, 1553. Instructions to St. Leger in Carew, July 1550, p. 228, as to alum. The MSS. contains many details interesting to specialists, especially the certificate of Gerrard Harman, a German.

377

Privy Council to Croft, Feb. 23, and May 29, 1552. Sir Thomas Cusack’s ‘Book,’ in Carew, 1553, p. 241.

378

The Earl of Tyrone’s articles, Feb. 9, 1552; St. Leger to Northumberland, March 10. Sir Thomas Cusack’s ‘Book,’ in Carew.

379

Cusack’s ‘Book’ in Carew. Four Masters, 1552.

380

Earls of Kildare. The patent of restoration is dated April 25, 1552. Orders for Leighlin and Carlow in Carew, April 30. Croft to the Privy Council, April 16, May 1, and May 31.

381

Cusack’s ‘Book’ in Carew, No. 200. It is there wrongly dated 1553.

382

The facts of this expedition (June and July 1552) are given by the Four Masters; and see Ware’s Annals.

383

Tyrone’s complaint, July 1552; Privy Council to George Paris, Oct. 25; to Croft, Dec. 10; Cusack to Privy Council, Dec. 22; Memorandum concerning Tyrone, Dec. 30, in Carew.

384

Mayor, &c., of Waterford to the Privy Council, Dec. 18; Cusack and Aylmer to the Privy Council, Dec. 22 and 30; Declaration of Desmond’s title, Dec. 30; Cusack in Carew, ut supra.

385

Northumberland to Cecil, Nov. 25, 1552; Cusack’s ‘Book’ in Carew, vol. i. p. 236; King’s letter in Lodge’s Patent Officers; Ware’s Annals.

386

A paper calendared under Jan. 1553 (No. 75) calculates the average expenses from 33 to 38 Hen. VIII. at 8,500l. a year. In the six years of Edward’s reign they rose by regular gradation from 17,000l. to 52,000l. The average revenue for the former period was 9,000l., for the latter, 11,000l. See also No. 83, ‘a device how to keep Ireland in the stay it now remaineth upon the revenues only.’

387

The consecrations took place on Feb. 2, 1553.

388

Bale’s ‘Vocation,’ in the Harleian Miscellany.

389

Church histories of Mant, Killen, Brennan, and Reid. Graves’s History of St. Canice. They all derive their chief inspiration from Bale’s own ‘Vocation.’ Fuller has preserved the nickname of ‘biliosus Balæus,’ given to the Bishop in contemporary controversy.

390

Browne and Bale were friars; yet Protestants will not blame them for entering the holy estate of matrimony, any vows to the contrary notwithstanding. To modern England a married clergy seems quite natural, but the scandal was great during the transition period, and Queen Elizabeth felt the awkwardness herself. The following statement of Harpsfield may be true or false, but it shows what could be said by a contemporary. It should be remembered that Harpsfield was Archdeacon of Canterbury. ‘Against these kind of marriages, and maintenance of the same, King Henry, in his latter days, made very sharp laws, whereupon many so married put over their women to their servants and other friends, who kept them at bed and board as their own wives. And after the death of King Henry they received them again (as love money) with usury; that is, the children in the mean season begotten by the said friends, whom they took, called and brought up as their own, as it was well known, as well in other as in Browne, Archbishop of Dublin. It would now pity a man at the heart to hear of the naughty and dissolute life of these yoked priests,’ &c.

391

Morrin’s Patent Rolls, p. 304.

392

Instructions for Sir A. St. Leger, Oct. 1553; Morrin’s Patent Rolls, pp. 300-304.

393

Petition of Connor MacCarthy, 1553. The Queen to Sussex, July 6, 1558. Orders taken at Drogheda, Dec. 6, 1553, in Carew.

394

Bale’s select works, Parker Society; King Johan, a play, ed. J. Payne Collier, Camden Society; ‘God’s promises in all ages of the old law,’ in Dodsley’s Old Plays, vol. i.; a brief comedy or interlude of John Baptist in Harl. Misc. vol. i.

395

Bale’s Vocation; Cotton’s Fasti, vol. i. p. 123.

396

Bale’s Vocation; Ware’s Annals. Queen Elizabeth to the two St. Legers, calendared under 1559 (No. 85). Dr. Reid printed the following contemporary epigram: —

‘Plurima Lutherus patefecit, Platina multa,Quædam Vergerius, cuncta Balæus habet.’

397

Hook’s Life of Pole, vol. iii. p. 359, note; Machyn’s Diary, Jan. 27, 1554; Life of Sir Peter Carew, ed. by Macleane, and also printed in Carew, vol. i.

398

Brady; Cotton. Dowling says of Thonory: ‘Pro dolore amissionis thesauri sui per fures mortuus. Fures confitebantur et executi.’

399

Indentures with the O’Briens, Sept. 1554, in Carew; Four Masters, 1554.

400

Sarpi’s Council of Trent, trans. by Courayer, lib. v. cap. 15, and the notes. Dr. Lingard, vol. v. end of chap. v., objects to Fra Paolo’s account, but I cannot see that his own much differs.

401

Brady; Hook’s Life of Pole; Ware’s Life of Curwin; Rymer, Feb. 22, and April 25, 1555; Morrin’s Patent Rolls, p. 339.

402

Hooker in Holinshed; St. Leger to Petre, Dec. 18, 1555; Four Masters, 1555. James MacDonnell’s agents to Calvagh O’Donnell, calendared under 1554 (No. 7).

403

Instructions to Lord Fitzwalter, April 28, 1556, in Carew. Sidney Papers, i. p. 85.

404

Ware’s Annals.

405

Sussex’s Journal, Aug. 8, 1556, in Carew; Sidney’s Relation, in Carew; 1583; Lord Deputy Fitzwalter to the Queen, Jan. 2, 1557; Calendar of Foreign State Papers, Oct. 28, 1556.

406

Opinions of Lord Fitzwalter, Jan. 2, 1557. He mentions hake as ‘a kind of salt fish much eaten in Ireland.’

407

Privy Council to Lord Deputy, Sept. 30, 1556; Orders for Leix, Dec.; Lord Deputy to the Queen, Jan. 2, 1557. An Act of Parliament was passed in 1557, entitling the Crown to Leix and Offaly, and authorising the Lord Deputy to make grants under the Great Seal.

408

Proceedings of the Deputy and Council, Feb. 25, 1557, in Carew. Four Masters for 1555 and 1556.

409

Four Masters, 1555 and 1556. Proceedings of Deputy and Council, Feb. 25, 1557, in Carew. Dowling says Connel O’More was ‘apud pontem Leighlin cruci affixus.’ Ware’s Annals.

410

Thomas Alen to Cecil, Dec. 18, 1558; Letters of Queen Mary, calendared under 1557 (Nos. 63 and 64), and petitions (Nos. 65 and 66). For grants of abbey-lands, see Morrin’s Patent Rolls, passim. Mary’s only Irish Parliament (3 and 4 Phil. et Mar.), met June 1, 1557, in Dublin. There were adjournments to Limerick and Drogheda. See Stuart’s Armagh, p. 244, and Rymer, Dec. 1, 1556.

411

July 1557; Journal by Sussex of that date in Carew; Four Masters, 1557.

412

October; Four Masters, 1557.

413

Four Masters. This was towards the end of 1557.

414

Four Masters, 1557.

415

Lord Justice Sidney and Council to the Privy Council, Feb. 8, 1558; Desmond to the Queen, Feb. 5 and Feb. 23, and her answer, April 19; Sidney to Sussex, Feb. 26, and to the Queen, March 1.

416

Piers to Curwin, Feb. 14, 1558; Sussex to Boxoll, June 8; Articles by an Irishman, 1558 (No. 15).

417

The Queen’s letters are all dated March 12.

418

See instructions in Carew, March 20; Estimate for munitions, March 13.

419

Machyn’s Diary; Sussex to Privy Council, April 7, with inclosures; Dowdall to Heath, Nov. 17, 1557.

420

This tour is in Carew, i. 274-277; the date in the end of July 1558.

421

For the expedition to the isles, see Sussex to the Queen, Oct. 3, Oct. 6, and Oct. 31, 1558.

422

Journeys by the Earl of Sussex, July and Nov. 1558, in Carew; oath of Gerald Earl of Desmond, Nov. 28.

423

Ware’s Life of Browne. In their instructions to the Lord Deputy and Council, Philip and Mary say: – ‘Lord Cardinal Poole, being sent unto us from the Pope’s Holiness and the said See Apostolic Legate of our said realms, mindeth in brief time to despatch into Ireland certain his commissioners and officials to visit the clergy and other members of the said realm of Ireland,’ &c., Carew, April 28, 1556.