St. Peter, His Name and His Office, as Set Forth in Holy Scripture

460

Cœlestinus, homil. in laud. eccles.

461

Leander, Cont. Origenistas in Actis Synodi V.

462

Justinianus, epist. ad Mennam Constantinopolitanum.

463

Council of Nice, in the Creed, and Canon 8.

464

Sardica in letter to all bishops, quoted by Athanasius, Apol. 2.

465

22nd Canon of Codex Africanus.

466

The Nestorian profession of faith, in fifth act of Council of Ephesus.

467

Pacian, Ep. 1.

468

Cyril, Catech. 18.

469

Aug. de vera relig. c .6, de utilit. credendi, c. 7.

470

Pacian, Ep. 3, "The Church is a full and solid body, diffused already through the whole world. As a city, I say, whose parts are in unity. Not as you Novatians, an insolent particle, or a gathered wen, separated from the rest of the body."

471

Such as are [Greek: grammata koinônika], Euseb. H. E. lib. 7, c. 30. [Greek: epistolai koinônikai], Basil. Ep. 190, or [Greek: kanônikai], Ep. 224, letters of peace commendatory, ecclesiastical, &c.

472

See especially Chrys. Hom. 30 on 1 Cor.

473

Irenæus, Lib. 3, c. 3.

474

Compare Jerome's often-quoted passage, Ep. 15, to Pope Damasus, "Whoso gathereth not with thee, scattereth; that is, whoso is not of Christ is of antichrist."

475

For the meaning of "come together," see farther on, c. 40. "God hath placed in the Church Apostles, Prophets, Doctors, and all the rest of the operation of the Spirit, of which all those are not partakers who do not run together to the Church, but defraud themselves of life by an evil intention and a very bad conduct. For where the Church is, there is the Spirit; and where is the Spirit of God, there is the Church and all grace."

476

See S. Cyprian's letters, 69, 55, 45, 70, 73. 40. Consider the force of the words, "Peter, upon whom the Church had been built by the Lord, speaking one for all, and answering with the voice of the Church, says, Lord, to whom shall we go?" Ep. 55, on which Fenelon (de sum. Pontif. auct. c. 12) remarks, "What wonder, then, if Pope Hormisdas and other ancient fathers says, "the Roman, that is, the Catholic Church," since Peter was wont to answer with the voice of the Church? What wonder if the body of the Church speaks by mouth of its head?"

477

De Pudicitia, c. 21.

478

This Montanist corruption (into which Ambrose on Ps. 38, n. 37, and Pacian in his three letters to Sempronian, state that the Novatians also fell,) induced some fathers, and especially Augustine, (Enarrat. on Ps. 108. n. 1, Tract 118 on John, n. 4, and last Tract n. 7) to teach that the keys were bestowed on Peter so far forth as he represented the person of the Church in right of his Primacy. By which mode of speaking they meant this one thing, that the power of the keys, as being necessary to the Church, and instituted for her good, began indeed in Peter, and was communicated to him in a peculiar manner but by no means dropt, or could possibly drop, with him.

479

Tertull. De Præsc. c. 32.

480

Pacian, ad Sempronium, Epis. 3, § 11.

481

Ambrose, de Pœnit. Lib. 1, c. 7, n. 33.

482

Synodical Epistle, among the letters of Ambrose.

483

Optatus, de Schism. Donat. Lib. 2, c. 2, and Lib. 7, c. 3.

484

Gregory, de vita sua, Tom. 2, p. 9.

485

Jerome, adv. Jovin. Lib. 1, n. 14.

486

Augustine, in Ps. Cont. partem Donati, cont. Epist. Fundam. c. 4, de utilitate credendi, c. 17, and Epist. 43.

487

Gelasius, Epis. 14.

488

Hormisdas, Mansi, Tom. 8, 451, in the conditions on which he readmitted the Patriarch of Constantinople and the Eastern bishops to communion.

489

Agatho, in a letter to the sixth council, read and accepted at its fourth sitting.

490

Maximus, Bibl. Patr. Tom. 11, p. 76.

491

Leo, Epist. 10, c. 1.

492

Ep. 358, to Pope Celestine.

493

The above chapter is translated from Passaglia, Pp. 298-336.

494

The following chapter is translated from Passaglia, Pp. 339-360.

495

This is not said as limiting revelation to such points, but to exhibit the scope of the present work, which uses testimony merely as a human, though very important, support of the cause.

496

The texts relating to the primacy, the Evangelists' mode of writing, that of S. Luke in the first twelve chapters of the Acts, and that of S. Paul.

497

The Apostles' contest about "the greater," the distinction between the founder, and the visible head of the Church, and for false interpretations, the primacy of mere precedency, the perversion of John xxi. 15-20, the assertion of Apostolic equality, and Gal. i 18-20.

498

Interroga igitur, si quid veritatis cupis audire, principaliter sedis Apostolicæ antistitem, cujus sana doctrina constat judicio veritatis, et fulcitur munimine auctoritatis. Ferrandus in Epist. ad Severum.

499

Socrates, Hist. L. 2, c. 8-17. Sozomen, hist. L. 3, c. 10.

500

In fragm. epist. apud Baluzium, Miscell. Lib. 5, p. 467.

501

Ferrandus in litteris ad Pelagium.

502

Mansi. Tom. 8, 54, 34.

503

Avitus, Epist. 36.

504

Gelasius, Epist. 4, ad Faustum. Mansi. 8, 17.

505

Mansi. Tom. xi. 184.

506

See Peter Ballerini, de potestate ecclesiastica, cap. 1, § 1-6.

507

See Mamachi, origines et antiquitates Christianæ, Tom 2.

508

See Muzzarelli, de auctoritate Rom. Pontificis in Conciliis generalibus, c. v. § 9.

509

See Mamachi, as above, Tom. v part. 1, c. 2.

510

Amm. Marcellinus, Lib. 15, c. 7.

511

The following paragraph, down to "within and without," I have introduced here. It is not in F. Passaglia.

512

Aug. de utilitate credendi, c. 7, n. 19.

513

Tit. iii. 10.

514

Luke xv. 9; xi. 5; xviii. 2.

515

Tertullian, de Præsc. c. 21.

516

Mansi, concilia, Tom. 11, 239.

517

Responsis ad Lutheram, c. x.

518

Sense, says John, is the connection or mutual relation of notions intended by the author in his words, or, according to others, which is the same thing, the conception of the mind which the author has expressed in words, and wishes to raise in his readers. This sense, whether it springs from the proper or whether from the improper and metaphorical meaning of words, or from allegorical language, is immediate, grammatical, and literal.

519

Acts xiv. 22; xx. 28; 1 Tim. v. 19-22; 2 Tim. iv. 2-5; Tit. i. 5; 1 Pet. v. 2, 3.

520

Matt. xvi. 18; xviii. 18; John x. 16; Eph. v. 25; 1 Cor. xii; John xvii. 20-26.

521

Luke xxiv. 47; Acts i. 8; ix. 15; Coloss. i. 8.; 1 Cor. i. 23; ix. 20; Rom. x. 18.

522

Origen. preface [Greek: kezi azchôn], n. 2.

523

2 Tim. ii. 2.

524

See Athanas. de decritis Nic. Synodi, and also Hist. tripartit. Lib. 2, 2-3.

525

See Vincent of Lerins. Commonit. c. 32, 3.

526

Leontius, Contr. Nestorium. Lib. 1.

527

Cassian, De Incarn. Lib. 1.

528

Theodoret, in the three dialogues.

529

Augustine, cont. Cresconium, 1, c. 32-3.

530

Jerome, Ep. 126, and dialog. adv. Luciferianos.

531

Epiphanius. bæres. 61, 75, 78.

532

Basil, cont. Eunomium, Lib. 1; de Spiritu S. c. 29.

533

Origen in Matt. Tract. 29.

534

Tertullian, throughout the book De Prescriptionibus.

535

Clement, Stromatum, Lib. 7.

536

Irenæus, Lib. 4, c. 63 and 45.

537

It may be allowable also to refer to the fifth section of the work mentioned in the preface, "The See of S. Peter," &c.

538

S. Greg. Ep. Lib. 5, 20.