So, we see one dimension less than the space in which we live. At first, I thought that I had made a discovery: that we are residents of the three-dimensional world looking from some fourth dimension to our three-dimensional world. But then, having analyzed what we actually see, I came to the conclusion that we do not see the volume, we always see the plane that is, two dimensions. The cube always appears flat to us, and only the stereo effect of the two eyes forms a volume. Well, now let’s think again: maybe our world is two-dimensional? We always walk, go, float on a plane, on the surface of something. What is height? This is gravity. Earth gravity gives us an indication that the flat wall in front of us is the third dimension, that is, height, and if there were no gravity, we would also perceive the wall as a plane and also walk along it. Even man externally represents the plane – this is a skin cover. It turns out that we still do not live in a three-dimensional (time we will not take into account now), but in a two-dimensional world we can see not a three-dimensional, but a two-dimensional world. If we had seen three dimensions, we would have seen the reverse side of the cube, but then we would be the inhabitants of not three-dimensional, but four-dimensional space, but I have not yet found convincing evidence that the additional dimensions are the same lines as the length, width and height. Take, for example, a dimension like time. For him, it turns out, there is also a line on the chart. This is a diagonal, too, coming from zero.

In this regard, I have complaints about how to measure our physical world. As I already said, in fact, the height is that same plane, set vertically. And what is hidden there, under the surface of this very plane? Let us take, not height, but thickness. Thickness is a material whose outer boundary is a plane. We usually do not see this material, the plane hides it from us, serves as a border. If we even break the plane, what will we see in the place of the break? Again the plane. It will be uneven, but this does not change things. Under this plane is hidden not the thickness, but the essence of the object. This may be iron, stone, plastic. Each item will consist of other atoms. We can see them in the electron microscope. So what? We will again see the flat surface of the ball, or rather balls. But we will not see the essence.

So, the third or next dimension should be called the essence of the physical body, which is hidden under the plane, but the problem is that it is not known in what measures to measure the essence? And what actually called the essence of the subject? What, for example, is the essence of the iron bar? Maybe these are the functions of that thing, that material object, which are measured from the outside in centimeters and meters. What makes a thing function can only be measured indirectly, fixing the manifestations of the function in our material, flat world.

And one more thing. Someone from the outside has to figure out the essence of the thing, the subject. There must be another thing or more simply, a certain observer who would evaluate not only the external side of the subject, but also its essence. The subject itself will not figure out its essence.

It turns out that the observer is an essential addition to any object, thing, and if it is deeper, then a phenomenon, an integral external factor that helps to determine the essence of the reality surrounding him. It turns out that the observer is another dimension, additional to the essence of the subject. It turns out that the world exists for the observer, that the observer is an integral part of the existing world. The observer does not see the essence of the subject. He defines it indirectly through the functions of the object. Although the functions of things, objects, phenomena are different, but all of them can be united by one definition – the idea of a thing or phenomenon.

The paradox here is that this third dimension itself cannot be measured. It has no measurements. It is everywhere, and at the same time, it was originally laid somewhere. Material characteristics determine the difference between the manifestations of an idea in our world, but its essence is one, it revives our world, sets it in motion. Spiritually, we are parts of this idea, so we cannot see the idea, but only its manifestations. We look from there. We cannot see what we are part of. We are children of two worlds. Our shell belongs to the material flat world, our soul belongs to the third dimension inaccessible to our review.

When I began to project our three dimensions into cosmos, it turned out that cosmos is generally one-dimensional. But more about that later.

In general, it turns out that three-dimensional space does not really exist. There is a two-dimensional plane, a one-dimensional line and a dimensionless point, and we live in a two-dimensional world with a one-dimensional cosmos.

But that’s not all. Our three dimensions are only flowers. In fact, the world is completely different. But more about that later.

Before we end up with spatial dimensions, let’s make the one-dimensional and two-dimensional worlds infinite. In the one-dimensional world, we will connect the ends of the line for this – we will make a circle, and in the two-dimensional world – we will twist the plane to make a ball. The first thought experiment with the length, width and height of our three-dimensional world, we ended.

Chapter 2. Energy

In the previous chapter, we designated the lines as the basis for the structure of our Universe. Lines can be motion vectors. And what drives everything in the Universe? This is energy. The basis of all processes in the Universe and even the basis of life is energy. We can say that energy is what lies behind the three dimensions: the length, width and height – this is the essence of the Universe.

When we talked about movement, it begins not just like that, but with an impulse of energy. The source transmits a pulse of energy, the pulse moves, and the receiver or observer receives it. So is the movement.

Energy is transmitted in portions. That is, impulse follows. It starts from zero, rises to its maximum value, and then drops to zero again. The impulse of energy has a very interesting relationship with space. Passing through some point of space, the impulse increases to the maximum value at this point and then falls. But what is interesting. The impulse of energy moves in space like a wave on the water, and during its movement it does not change. He, of course, loses energy, but he does not change. Its shape with the minimum and maximum values remains unchanged.

Energy has one inherent property, it necessarily bends the space around it. I started the book with a funny nursery rhyme: “there was a crooked man, and he walked a crooked mile”. This is because there are very few straight lines in cosmos, and besides, they are mostly conditional. And the blame for all the energy. This is it that bends space. She would like to roll space into a ball, as she did with a proton, but in other cases she does not have enough strength to fold space. Energy tries to roll space again and again, and we see a wave spreading in all directions.

Under the influence of energy, our physical world is completely different from three dimensions: length, width, and height. It is rather spherical or wavy, because all the straight lines in it are curved with energy. Look around: the Earth is round, the horizon is round, the Earth rotates around the Sun in a circle – everything is connected with circles. Where is the length, width and height – three dimensions? Indeed, they exist only in our apartment or house.

Well transmits the movement of the pulse and the curvature of space wave. Waves come in various forms. We are interested in a wave that propagates from the initial impulse of energy in all directions in the form of a sphere. But this three-dimensional wave cannot just be seen and better for clarity, to use an ordinary wave on the surface of water, especially since they have similar properties. We throw a stone into the water, and a wave with a crest at the top spreads from it in all directions. It seems to us that water diverges in all directions. But this is a misconception. It is the energy impulse that diverges in all directions, and the particles of water do not move forward.

The wave itself is not a material body. Along the perimeter of the wave propagation, it is not water that moves, but energy. The “hump” of the wave is moving. The wave velocity is the speed with which the wave crest moves (the particles themselves move vertically to the ridge).

As known. From the starting point, the impulse will go in the form of a wave in all directions at the same speed. This wave forms a circle on the water or a ball in three-dimensional space around the point of the initial impulse. The distance from the center of the pulse to the perimeter of a circle or ball is the same in all directions. It turns out this way: the impulse is one, the amount of energy in it is strictly defined. If we make measurements of the magnitude of the pulse at different points of the perimeter of a circle or ball that are on the same away from the starting point, we get exactly the same results. Let’s say that this is a unit, and we cannot summarize this unit. We cannot summarize all these points along the perimeter of a ball or circle. It will not be possible to add 1 +1 and get 2 and so on. The total amount of energy of the ball will be equal to the amount of energy at one of its points. That is, the unit turns out to be spread around the entire perimeter of the ball and is equal to itself and the set.

Let’s continue the experiment: transform the ball into a circle of two-dimensional space. What will change? Nothing – both the speed and the momentum of the circle are absolutely equal to the same magnitudes of the ball. And now we turn a circle around the perimeter, like a fan, into a one-dimensional vector. What changed? Nothing. Both speed and momentum are absolutely equal. It turns out that there is no distance between points along the perimeter of the ball or circle. That is, the distance exists only for an outside observer, but for the points themselves there is no distance. At the same distance from the central impulse between the points of energy not only there is no distance, but the time is the same, and therefore the time is also zero. Therefore, we can say that there is no space and time. It turns out that the energy itself has no space and time.

From spatial measurements, a impulse has only an indefinite magnitude of the wavelength and the distance from the original pulse, the radius. Question:

If there are no differences in the energy values of the three-dimensional, two-dimensional and one-dimensional worlds, may be such a momentum is one-dimensional? Isn’t any wave one-dimensional?.. or not having any measurements at all?.. maybe it is a one-dimensional one?

No matter how many different factors – the components are not intended, the implementation of this plan is possible only through a single action, through a sequence of single actions. The movement itself is one-dimensional. This is a vector movement from point A to point B.

I have long thought about the extent to which energy can bend space and came to the fundamental conclusions about the structure of our Universe. As we determined, our physical world can be graphically divided into two states. This is zero on the graph – the complete absence of space, movement and time, and the second – direct vectors emanating from zero – the complete opposite of zero, because this is exactly the space with dimensions, movement and, accordingly, time.

Despite the fact that zero is the absence of space, it can contain enormous energy within it. It was this enormous energy that twisted the space around itself that the space simply closed itself on itself and turned into the first elementary particle – a proton.

Although zero is the complete absence of space, but it is also not in itself, like a ruler, which embodies the dimension and lies, without touching anyone. By one side, zero is inextricably linked with our three-dimensional world.

Yes, you can see it yourself on the chart: three lines come out of zero: length, width and height. So zero is another dimension in addition to length, width and height. Therefore, the space must be counted from zero. Zero, then length, width and everything else. Without zero, everything else simply will not exist. And zero without the rest does not exist either.

What is the role of zero?

For energy, spatial dimensions will be levels. The very first level will be the most powerful energy in the universe. It is so powerful that it simply collapses the space around it into a ball and thus forms the first brick of the Universe – a proton. Proton is not space yet. This is a scaffolding, with the help of which the coupling is connected with our physical world. This is a collapsed space. It is so curved space that it simply closed itself. In spite of the proton seems to block all energy inside, however, the presence of huge energy inside reflects on the outer surface around the proton forming the next energy level. And the next element that immediately occupies the next energy level is the next element of our Universe – the electron. Or even so. This outer energy level is also so strong that it is again tries to wind space into a ball. But it has no longer the strength for it. Moreover, the place in the center is already occupied by a proton. And this clot of energy nothing remains, only to spin around in the form of an electron. If there is a proton no space, because everything in it is closed on itself, then the electron already combines in itself the features of a spaceless particle and a spatial element – a wave. Well, the wave energy can no longer roll space into a ball, but only bends it – this is energy in its pure form, and it will shape the space. If the electron is still a closed orbit – a ring or a ball, then electromagnetic radiation is already sawing this ring and, rotating in a circular orbit, rushes forward, breaks out of the atom, leaving behind what looks like a sinusoid on the plane – and thus electromagnetic radiation forms space and time.

Although the atom has certain specific dimensions, this is not yet space.

And now, agree that you can offer another option for measuring space. This null space is a proton, pre-space is an electron and, finally, our three-dimensional space is electromagnetic radiation.

It is we that live in three-dimensional space. But to be honest, energy levels are not limited to atoms. Looped all around. Our planet itself is a ball – another level. Then there is space with ring orbits of planets, stars, galaxies. Yes, and our Universe itself is most likely a ball. So the length, width and height of a rather narrow scope. And the amount of energy can be judged by the degree of curvature of space.

From a point, a pulse of energy spreads in all directions and loses energy in proportion to the square of the radius. And what if we assume that with an increase in the radius, nothing changes. That is, when the radius increases, the inertial system changes too. That is, in each subsequent inertial system, time and distance change proportionally at the next level. And then the amount of energy remains the same?

Chapter 3. Time

We talked about straight lines and found out, firstly, that some lines are associated with movement – these are vectors and, secondly, that there is something difficult to measure, but a very important property of the object being measured, things, phenomena also associated with movement – this is what are the functions of a given object, thing, phenomenon, what is its essence. We also came to the conclusion that to assess this essence, one more component is necessarily needed – this is an observer. Energy is directly connected with the essence of the object, with the movement. It is energy in the form of a pulse that gives an initial impetus to movement. And, finally, time is also directly connected with these two phenomena, because movement from one point to another occurs over time.

Now we talk about time.

It would seem that what time is? It is a certain value independent of a person that is not paid special attention in everyday life. The main thing is not to be late somewhere. Previously, at least the wall clock was ticking, recalling that certain changes were taking place in our lives, independent of us. From time to time we suddenly discovered that we were older, that something had changed around us. Everything seems to be the same as before, but suddenly we find that certain changes have occurred.

But it turns out time is not as simple as we think about it. Many paradoxes are associated with it, and these are paradoxes of a cosmic scale. For example, such a paradox. It turns out that precisely in space, time is measured not in hours, as on Earth, but in the same values in which length, width and height are usually measured – in kilometers.

Another paradox of time.

In our ordinary life, “yesterday” cannot be seen, but it turns out to be possible in space. We are looking into the sky now, this very minute, and we see cosmic objects as they were yesterday, the day before, several years ago, depending on the distance to them. For example, the closest star to us, Alpha Centauri, is located so far from us that the light from it comes to us for 4 years. If it suddenly goes out, then for us it will shine for another four years. In space, you can see any day, any year in the past, it is enough to point the telescope at stars located at an appropriate distance from the observer.

But let’s start with simple things, as time is connected with movement. What is characteristic of movement is the starting point, the beginning of the movement and the ending point, which is located at some distance from the beginning of the movement. To overcome this distance between two points takes some time. In this case, time is directly related to the distance. Therefore, space is not only length, width and height, but necessarily time, because space is necessarily movement. Energy is also directly connected with movement except time.

Everything moves in the Universe, starting with the expansion of the Universe itself and ending with the movement of photons or the speed of light. But what is interesting: if the speed light is measured and is itself a standard for measurement, then the expansion of the Universe is more difficult to fix.

I will clarify here: I believe the Universe is a sphere formed as a result of the Big Bang, in contrast to the point of view that our Universe is flat, like a blanket. So, the Universe is constantly expanding. Expansion occurs not only along the radius from the Big Bang epicenter, but also along the perimeter of the energy impulse, since it spreads in all directions. It is as if the balloon is inflated, and the distance between the flowers painted on it increases.

It is believed that all objects of the Universe: stars, galaxies, nebulae are located on a thin film of the energy impulse formed as a result of the initial Big Bang. These space objects are flowers on the surface of the expanding ball. The similarity with the inflatable ball also increases because, as in the ball, the void inside and outside and all objects of the Universe are located only on the surface of the energy impulse, and inside and outside the void. I will try to depict this in the picture.

I suppose that inside and outside the sphere is not just emptiness, but there is nothing at all from the point of view of physical space. All spatial geometry of the Universe is enclosed in this energy impulse. Outside the surface of the sphere of the Universe, space turns into time literally. Here the design of our physical world changes in the most unusual way.

Why then do we not see this emptiness, but see the stars everywhere: at the top, at the bottom, and at the center? Something like this:

This is precisely one of the paradoxes of time, which directly connects time with space.

I repeat once again – the Universe is just the perimeter of the expanding energy impulse, and all space objects are on its surface.

What is characteristic of these space objects? They are all located at the same distance from the epicenter of the Big Bang and, therefore, they all have the same time. Of course, they rotate, change position relative to each other. But, since the Universe is huge in itself, all these fluctuations of space objects do not play a big role in terms of a common and uniform time for the Universe. The Universe is continuously expanding along the radius but all space objects are moving away from the epicenter at the same speed, therefore time in the whole Universe is the same.

But the paradox is that, being in the same present time, these space objects in this present time do not see each other. Although they have the same time, however, they are at different distances from each other around the perimeter of the energy impulse. Let’s call it the present time distance. Some of them are closer to each other, others farther. There are very remote objects. The observer at each of them in the present tense sees only himself. Any other space object that seems to be in the same present tense, he sees only when the light from this object reaches the observer. And what is very important: the impact of one space object on another occurs only when the energy impulse of this object reaches another object. It is the same speed of light. That is, it turns out that one space object, being in the same time with another space object, learns about its existence only in the past tense. Since space objects are located at different distances from each other, then the time spent by light to overcome this distance will be different. And these cosmic objects in the night sky will line up in front of the observer in accordance with the distance to the observer on the surface of the sphere of our Universe. The farther the distance around the perimeter of the energy pulse, on which all space objects, the longer the light goes to the observer, the more distant past tense the observer sees them. The most distant objects can be correlated in time with a moment close to the Big Bang. And on the surface of the sphere of our Universe it will be the farthest located space objects from the observer. It turns out that we see the most distant stellar objects as they were more than 13 billion years ago and we will know what they are now only after the next 13 or more billions of years.

Another question arises, but will the observer see those cosmic objects that are beyond the horizon of the sphere, because the Universe is still a sphere, not a flat blanket, but the light moves in a straight line?

Since the physical world is arranged so that the observer sees only light, and the instruments register only the electromagnetic radiation of the source, it turns out that the observer sees the world around him only in the past tense. And in the present tense is only the observer himself. Of course, what is at arm’s length is conditionally considered to be real, but here the starry sky is exactly the past time.

It turns out that the present is just a point, and this point is an observer. Generally speaking, the surface of our Universe is completely the real time sphere, but it consists of many separate points of conditional observers or receivers of electromagnetic radiation. How can one not recall the mathematical definition of a straight line, that this is just a collection of points.

In general, geometrically, space is some kind of construction where the space around the perimeter of the energy impulse, with the same time, is not the same for each space object separately. That is, the real present time exists only in the space object itself, and the space around it exists exclusively in the past tense.

Moreover, due to the fact that the Universe is continuously expanding, the stages of this past time are located at different distances from the epicenter along the radius of the expansion of the Universe. That is, for each period of time there is a mark on the radius, a kind of temporary shelf. And the observer, seeing space objects at different distances from himself, sees them at different levels of the expansion of the Universe, on different shelves of the bookcase, depending on their distance from the observer along the perimeter of the pulse. That is why all space objects for the observer not located on a thin film of the perimeter of the energy pulse, but scattered across the sky. Instead of a spherical film of the perimeter of the energy pulse, the observer sees some space completely filled with stars all the way to the center. And in this space one can observe all the stages of the development of the Universe.

<1 2 3 >

На страницу:

Перейти

2 из 3